英语多源文本阅读

几种常用的答题的方法为：1、对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；2、细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读四六级每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息；3、要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求才能做到稳、准。

★紧抓主题句，快速理解全文

无论是读书，还是看报纸，我们首先见到的就是一篇文章的标题。然而，在高考中，英语阅读理解文章往往没有标题。可以从研究文章的主题句入手，根据主题句快速识别文体，从而抓住文章的中心，推测出全文的内容。英语文章一般是按“总—分—总”这样一种思路来写的，也就是说，文章的第1 句或第 2 句 多半为“总写”，为文章的主题句(topicsentence)，后面的文字就围绕它展开论述；而最后一句(尾句)或倒数第 2 句，就是在论述的基础上进行总结，得出结论或发出感慨。同样，往往每一段的第 1 句 又为这一段的主题句；末尾的句子又为这一段的结论。因此，在一定程度上考生可以从首尾句入手，推测全文的内容，从而迅速理解全文。当然，有些文章的主题句并不在句子的首、尾，而在文章的中间；有的文章甚至没有主题句，这就要求考生灵活处理。

★快速浏览全文，抓住事实和细节

事实是作者的思想和观点的有力证据，是作者所写文章的重要依据。细节是使文章连成整体的主要手段，是使文章充满活力的重要方式。换句话说，事实和细节是文章的血和肉。不论事件多么惊人，也不论观点如何新奇，若没有事实和细节，这篇文章就显得空洞无力。高考中，很多问题就是考查考生对事实和细节的把握，因此，在了解了文体特点和通过文章首尾句掌握了文章的中心和主要内容的基础上，必须快速浏览全文，抓住文中的事实和细节。并且在浏览的过程中，应根据短文后面的问题和选项，将与之有关的事实和细节用笔一一画出，且标明其题的序号，以便研究答题。

★抓住相关词语，快速弄清作者的思想

相关词语分为两大类：其一是关键词，即名词、动词、数词和形容词等实词，根据这些词语就能够看出句子或文章的主要内容；其二是信息词，即情态动词(may, must, can, have)，副词(yet, however, therefore, otherwise，carefully, seriously 等)、连词(but, while, though, if 等)等虚词和短语(as if / though, on the contrary, by contrast,even if / though, in spite of 等)，根据这些词语就能够推断出文章中人物的精神状态或作者的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度及文章的逻辑关系。

★研究重点，突破难点

在阅读过程中，碰到一些难以理解的问题，是非常正常的事情。高考中的阅读毕竟是一种信息性的阅读，只要能提取正确的信息就足够了，因此对于那些不影响阅读的问题，就不必理会。在阅读过程中，碰到一些难以理解的问题，是非常正常的事情。这时，不必惊慌，而应冷。只有当它们影响了对句子或文章的理解、特别是当它们影响问题的解决时，我们才在通读全文的基础上，对这些难点进行研究，加以分析、解决。阅读中的难点主要可以分为 3 类：生词、长而复杂句子、英美文化障碍。

上海高中英语阅读理解及答案

勤学苦练，是最踏实的.英语学习方法。下面是我整理的上海英语高考真题阅读理解题及答案，希望能帮到大家!

(A)

Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.

For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.

The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.

If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.

66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?

A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.

B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.

C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.

D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.

67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.

A. snowmen were made mainly by artists

B. snowmen enjoyed great popularity

C. snowmen were politically criticized

D. snowmen caused damaging floods

68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.

A. the start of the parade

B. the coming of a longer summer

C. the passing of the winter

D. the success of tradesmen

69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?

A. They were appreciated in history

B. They have lost their value

C. They were related to movies

D. They vary in shape and size

参考答案：66. C 67. B 68. C 69. A

(B)

Scary Bunny

The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.

Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.

The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.

To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!

70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?

A. The introduction to the leading roles B. The writer’s opinion of acting

C. The writer’s comments on the story D. The background information

71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.

A. a gun-crazy hunter B. a brainy dog

C. a scary rabbit D. a giant vegetable

72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?

A. It’s full of wit and humour.

B. Its characters show feelings without words.

C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.

D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.

参考答案：70. D 71. C 72. A

提起英文阅读理解，很多同学是一把“辛酸泪”，生词多，读不懂；即使单词都认识，却常常还是读不懂。一旦读不懂，就会影响做题的时间和质量，今天就为大家整理了高中英语考试中阅读理解的九大题型和解题技巧，帮助你提高做题的正确率！例证题1.例证题的标记。当题干中出现example,case,illustrate,illustration,exemplify时。2.返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。3.搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。4.找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。5.例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。(╳)要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。指代题1.返回原文，找出出题的指代词。2.向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)。3.将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。4.将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。词汇题“搜索代入”法：①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。②确定该词汇的词性③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合适④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案注意：a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思，我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。▲隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。句子理解题1.返回原文找到原句。2.对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。3.一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。4.句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。思路：对句子微观分析?不行就依据上下文?选择时不要推得过远。推理题“最近原则”1.标志：learn,infer,imply,inform2.看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。3.依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。因此，不推的比推的好;推的近的比推的远的要好。4.推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。(原文的某句话变个说法)注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。主旨题“串线摘帽”：即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。1.主旨题的标志：mainly about,mainly discuss,the best title2.串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。(主要针对自然段少的文章;针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系中心句。找一个和中心句最贴近的)3.小心首段陷阱。4.主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：①局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容;②范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。5.逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。作者态度题1.标志：attitude2.应精确理解四个选项的含义。3.不要掺杂自己的观点。4.可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。如：fortunately,excessively,toomany.5.举例的方式。6.抓论述的主线。把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。7.做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。判断题1.看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。2.每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。3.要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系(做题是要看清题目)。细节题看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案重点题型中的几个问题1.词汇题：字面意思不是答案，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义2.句子理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。3.推理题：答案很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。正确答案的特征1.正确答案经常与中心思想有关。2.正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。3.正确答案经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。4.从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can,may,might,possible,notnecessarily,some.5.正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。错误答案的特征第一大层次：①无中生有(未提及的概念);②正反混淆(选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);③所答非所问(虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边)第二大层次：①过分绝对;②扩大范围(注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly);③因果倒置;④常识判断;⑤推得过远;⑥偏离中心;⑦变换词性。常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现；如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。