悠然1968
4.2.1 New York, a New Jersey portNew York, New Jersey, Hong Kong is located in a North Atlantic coast, relying on the World Trade Center in New York City. The port has become the U.S. East Coast's largest container port, a total of four container ports, two ports in New York, another two ports in New Jersey [36]. New York and New Jersey, two states linked by tunnels and bridges, so that the integrated development of the port. New York, a New Jersey Port Authority was established in 1921 by a 14-member Port Commission management, of which seven were from New York, seven were from New Jersey, were appointed by the governor of two states is responsible for port operations, construction and management. Through a combination of New York, a New Jersey port area of Hong Kong into full play the advantages of the two to form a unified entity to compete in the competition with other ports in the initiative to achieve status in the regional economy has played a pivotal role in the powerful.4.2.2 Port of VirginiaVirginia Port from Newport News, Norfolk, Portsmouth three inland port and a rail transit stations, the three ports belong to the original three cities, was established in 1982, the merger Buddha Ji Caledonia Port Authority, as the Virginia state government body. The specific implementing agency is the Port Authority Board, the Executive Executive is appointed by the state government. 3 ports in the competition combined to form a unified entity, to play their respective advantages, in the region has played a powerful role. In addition, to ensure that the port cargo, from shipping companies responsible for a vote in the end changed the port from the inland revenue, shipments to the port. Second, landlords and other port-based management is different from Virginia Port Authority owns and direct operation of ports, rather than leased to private operators. Thirdly, in multimodal transport, it was the first realization of the nation's trains and ships directly facelift port.3 Copenhagen Malmö Port 1 Resource IntegrationCopenhagen Malmö Port 1 (CMP) is the 2001 Copenhagen, Denmark, Hong Kong and Sweden formed a joint venture of Hong Kong port of Malmo, Copenhagen, Hong Kong is entering the Nordic and Baltic region, the natural gateway to Malmö in southern Sweden, Hong Kong is a major port. Through the joint venture, both Hong Kong in the exchange and sharing of resources, improve customer service, reasonable freight organizations to expand the scope of services, etc., has achieved some results: First, the sharing of resources and maintain a high degree of flexibility, both sides, machinery and information can be the implementation of the internal exchange; second is for the user to simplify the negotiation process, the two countries shipping owners, are equivalent to its own berthing port, and easier loading and unloading conditions and rates negotiated prices, save time and effort; third, as a unified port, you can fully balance the import and export volume of goods to minimize the transport of empty containers for customers to reduce costs; Fourth, the market for both countries to provide a unified logistics, and the eastern and central European logistics distribution Center.4.2.4 Gulf of TonkinBegan in December 2007, the Japanese transport ministry has drawn up according to the "Port Law", the merger within the Tokyo Bay ports, in principle, to the region divided by the port group, the original port of Osaka, Kobe, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Amagasaki, Nishinomiya, Ashiya, the merger renamed Hanshin Hong Kong to set up a single port agency. The move aims to save administrative costs, are reduced by 30% of the costs, so that gradually reduce the tonnage tax in order to be able to compete with the local port. Ships by the port in accordance with the current weight ports to levy taxes and charges in 3 Hong Kong will be merged into a one-time charge, can reduce about 15% of the total fee to apply for entry clearance in Hong Kong need only one approval to enter Hong Kong 2.
黄陂跑跑
Abroad port resources integration solid example4.2.1 one harbor in New Jersey in New YorkA harbor in New Jersey in New York is located on north Atlantic Ocean coast and rely on company Mao center city New York in the world.It's harbor's turn to have already become east coast in the United States biggestly gather to pack harbor, total have 4 to gather to pack harbor area, 2 harbor area is in New York, another 2 harbor area is in New Jersey[36].Pass two state in New York and New Jersey's tunnel and bridge contact together, make the port turn a development toward the integral whole.One port authorities in New Jersey in New York is at 1921 establishment, from a 14 people constitute of port committee management, 7 among those people come from New York, 7 people come from New Jersey, difference from two state eparch ordination, be responsible for port of management, construction, management.Pass combination, one harbor in New Jersey in New York full exertive the advantage of two harbor areas, formation unify of competition entity, in with the other the port the competition obtain active position, in the district the economy exertive strong vital point function.4.2.2 Fo Ji Ni second harborThe Fo Ji Ni second harbor from Niu wave especially Niu Si, Norfolk, plain Ci Mao Si three harbor area with turn station to constitute in an inland railroad, three harbor area original accordingly belong to three city, 1982 merger establish the Fo Ji Ni second port authorities, Be a Fo Ji Ni second state government of an organization.It concrete performance the organization be a port authorities committee, performance superior from state government ordination.3 port consociation formation unify of competition entity, exertive respectively advantage, in the district exertive strong function.Moreover ising an assurance port source is moreoverexactly changed to port to be responsible for by ship company 1 to accept from the inland, hair goods arrive port.Secondly, with other the landlord type of the port management dissimilarity, the Fo Ji Ni second port authorities own combine direct management port, not let to private enterprise management.Three, at many type through traffic, is whole the United States a realization train and ships direct change to pack of port..3 Copenhagen one Ma3 Er3 Mo4 harbor resources integrationA the harbor(CMP) of Ma3 Er3 Mo4 in the Copenhagen is Denmark 2001 the joint management port for set up of Copenhagen harbor and Ma3 Er3 Mo4 harbor set in Sweden, Copenhagen harbor is get into North Europe and Baltic region of natural gate, Ma3 Er3 Mo4's harbor then Sweden the south of importance port.Pass joint management, two harbors be exchange share resources, improvement customer service, reasonable organization freight transportation, expand service scope etc., obtain certain of result:a is realization resources share, keep height of vivid, both parties' personnel, machine and information etc. can practice inner part exchange;Two is a customer simplification negotiation procedure, say for the shipping owner of two countries, all equal to anchor native port, much easier than talk to pack to unload condition and fee rate price, save time with energy;Three is conduct and actions unify of port, can completely balance the import and export of the goods quantity, with maximum limit decrease empty box conveyance, decline for the customer low cost;Four, can provide for two market of nation unify of logistics, and become Europe the east and central part of the logistics gather to spread center.4.2.4 Tokyo bay2007 December beginning, Japan national territory transportation province according to already establishment of 《port method 》, merger inside Tokyo bay several port, in principle with district to divide the line port, will originally of Osaka harbor, Kobe the harbor, the Ni Qi west temple Lu house harbor carry on merger, change to call slope absolute being harbor and establish one of harbor duty organization.This undertaking purpose lie in economical administration expenditure, the reduction be 30% cost and make ships ton the tax gradually lower, in order to ability and inside area big harbor competition.Current from each port according to the ships weight etc. collect of tax and enter port a fee will change into after 3 harbors merge a time of collect, can decrease total charge of 15% be or so, application put in at a port of procedure beard's is an approval can get into two harbors.
