高中英语时态讲解

时态分为 1.一般现在时 经常反复发生的动作；现在的情况；永恒的真理； he gets up at six. / the sun rises in the east. 还可以表示将来的情况：the plane takes off at 9:20 am. 还有一些从句中的 if i see nancy i will ask her. i hope that you feel better soon. 表示过去 he says he can not wait any longer. 2.现在进行时 表示现在进行的动作和发生的事情 what are you doing ? i am reading a play by shaw. 表示将来发生的动作： i am meeting peter tonight.he is taking me to the theatre. 从句中的未来情况： you can do some reading while you are waiting for the train. 表示经常的性的动作： he is always losing his keys. 3.一般将来时。 表示将来要发生的事情。 i will be on duty at six. 特定搭配: i think ...will i think they will succeed. shall用于第一人称后 构成问句 询问对方意见 where shall we go for our holiday? 4.(1)一般过去时 1.表示一个过去发生的动作或存在的状态 i got know her in 1998. 主要用于叙述性文字例如 小说 故事。 (2) 过去进行时 2.表示过去某时的一个动作正在进行。过去时间有一个状语表示出来。 what were you doing when i rang you up? 5.现在完成时 1.表示过去的事情对现在事情的影响 或者 延 续，往往于现在有的情况有联系。 the rain has already stopped. he has not seen you for ages. she has found a new job. how long has he been ill? 现在完成进行时 2.表示一个持续到现在的动作 i have been waiting for an hour and he still has not turned up. how long have you been wearing glasses? we have been seen her since 1998. 6.过去完成时 1.表示过去的过去的已经发生的事情 when i arrived jane had just left. she found she had left her case on the train. 过去完成进行时 2.表示持续到过去某时的一个动作 he was tired.he had been working since dawn. 7.过去将来时 表示从过去观点看将要发生的事情 it was four o'clock .soon the sun would come up. i knew you would agree . 8.时态的呼应 某些从句的动词的时态往往受到主句动词时态的制约。 i thought you were free.

中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种，下面给大家准备了现在完成进行时用法说明，希望对大家复习备考有帮助。

高中英语十六种时态用法详解之现在完成进行时

1. 现在完成进行时的定义

现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。如：

We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我们等他等了两个小时。

2. 现在完成进行时的结构

现在完成进行时由“have /has been + 现在分词”构成。

3. 现在完成进行时的应用

现在完成进行时所用的时间状语：this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, since +时间点, for + 时间段。如：

They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们一直在修桥。

They have been planting trees this month. 这个月来他们一直在植树。

4. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

(1) 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。如：

He has changed his idea. 他改变了想法。

(2) 在表示动作的延续时，虽然既可用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时，但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进行时。如：

We have been studying here for two years. 我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。

(3) 有些延续性动词(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等)，用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时的区别不大。如：

I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在这儿住了多年了。

高中英语十六种时态用法详解之过去完成时

1. 过去完成时的定义

过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情(常用时间状语有already, before, ever, just, never, still, yet)，也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间(常接时间状语：since +时间点, for + 时间段)。如：

When I got to the station, the train had left. 当我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。

We had learnt fifteen lessons by last week. 到上周为止，我们学完了十五篇课文。

He had stayed here for two days before he left. 他走之前在这儿呆了两天。

He said that he had lived there since he was ten. 他说他十岁起就住在那儿了。

2. 过去完成时的结构

过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成。

3. 过去完成时的应用

(1) 与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以多种多样，使用它的主要依据是看其是否发生在“过去的过去”。如：

He had learnt some English before I went here. 在来这儿之前我学过一些英语。

He had written three stories by last year. 到去年他已经写了三篇故事。

We had cleaned the room when he got there. 当他到那儿时，我们已经把房子弄干净了。

He went there after he had finished his work. 他把事做完之后，就去哪儿了。

注意：当主句跟由before, after, as soon as所引导的时间从句的动作连接很紧密时，从句也可用一般过去时。

He went there after he read the letter. 他看了那封信后就去那儿了。

(2) 过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如：

He said he had been a soldier. 他说他当过兵。

They said they had seen the film. 他们说这幕电影他们看过。

(3) 在hardly / scarcely …when…, no sooner…than… 两个结构中的主句通常要用过去完成时。如：

Hardly had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 她一听到这一消息就大哭了起来。

Scarcely had he finished his supper when he went out. 他已吃完晚饭就出去了。

No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed. 他一躺倒床上就睡着了。

(4) 动词expect, hope, suppose, think, want等的过去完成时可用来表示未实现的计划、打算或希望。如：

I had hoped to see you. 我本希望来看你。

He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing. 他本想在北京买栋房子。

4. 过去完成时与一般过去时

(1) 过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态，即：过去完成时强调“过去的过去”，而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起点以前所发生的事情或存在的状态。如：

He studied there two years ago. 他在那儿学习了两年。(离现在两年)

He said he had studied there two years ago. 他说他在那儿学习了两年。(离他说话时两年)

(2) 表示过去某个时间以前所连续发生的两个或两个以上的动作时，一般用and, then, but按照动作的先后顺序连接，此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。如：

He said he went the shop and bought some food. 他说他去商店买了一些食品。