爱国意识英语翻译

你不如说我来翻译

Nationalism can be defined as a deep sense of loyalty and devotion that one feels for one's own race and country. It is a set of emotions that is nurtured over thousands of years. And as agrarian communities give way to modern urban societies, nationalism today has also evolved into a form that is quite different from the ancient one that we know of. Nationalism in the old days did not just refer to loyalty to the country. It was closely tied up with loyalty to the emperor or sovereign king. Both were inseparable. Chinese general Yue Fei's undivided loyalty to the country and the Song emperor (who was misled by corrupt court officials) was what led to his tragic death years ago. Empirical evidences also showed that early nationalism had its origin in regional and blood ties. Unless a grouping was assured that the interests of its own families and communities were met, it would be difficult for them to fulfil their duties and obligations to the country. This was why when a new emperor was enthroned, he would confer titlesand territories to his kinsmen. Such feudal practices were also common among regional government officials. The wider sense of patriotism to the emperor and country could only bestimulated in turbulent times when a country was in danger of invasion by outside forces. This form of early nationalism was suitable for old economies that were basically agrarian in nature, and interdependence and communication links among them were limited. Under these circumstances, rulers resorted to power politics to preserve their territories and their system of government. And power politics went hand in hand with nepotism and cronyism. Actually, it is not difficult to understand why ancient rulers behaved in this manner. In primeval times, tribal chiefs and their members had to resort to power to ensure the survival of their whole community. Today, however, a different perspective of nationalism has been taken. People can now differentiate between loyalty to the individual ruler and loyalty to the country. They would not rise to calls for nationalism unless the interests of the ruler and theirs are identical, that is, they truly reflect the interests of the country. To love the country isto love its citizenry. This is fundamental. Loyalty to the nation and country must take precedence over blood ties and loyalty to an individual or to a community. Unfortunately, social progress does not take place evenly. As a result, the new concept of nationalism also evolves at a different pace. In some societies, people still hold on to the narrow brand of nationalism --- one that is confined to their region. These people place high regard for their immediate families, then relatives, then clans and then regions or religious groups. Examples of these are found in many developing countries, where many of their citizens unscrupulously sacrifice national interests for their own benefits or those of their groups. For these people, loyalty to the country is secondary. They would only npursue national interests or turn to diplomacy when their individual or their group's interests need to be protected. So how do we reinforce the modern concept of nationalism? We need to understand that rights and responsibilities are paradoxes. On one hand, a person needs to be given some political rights before he is able to perform his civic duties. On the other hand, a civic conscious person will demand rights that are due to him. In time to come, as a society modernises, people's rights and responsibilities should be balanced. Once the majority in a society are able to exert their rights and fulfil their responsibilities, they will regard themselves as masters of their country and their own destiny. Citizens whose nationalism is built on this foundation are likely to have acquired a high level of modern civic consciousness. Governments of developing countries need to understand this simple principle if they want to conduct education and publicity programmes effectively to promote the new concept of nationalism among their citizens. Generally, governments find it effective to use the mass media to transmit nationalistic values as they are penetrating and far-reaching. At the same time, governments should, at appropriate times, respond with changes in civic laws and regulations in order to support the new concept of nationalism. In a nutshell, national education should be accompanied by legal changes that would accord its people basic civil rights. Without this guarantee of basic civil and individualrights, a country's citizens would not be able to say that they are masters of their destiny. Then there is no need to talk about setting up a law-abiding society or even creating a consciousness of the new concept of nationalism. 爱国主义内涵的变迁 爱国主义是千百年来形成的对自己民族国家的一种深厚的感情。但是，现代社会和传统社会对爱国主义有着不同的要求。 首先，传统意义上的爱国是与忠君联系在一起的，它把对君主个人的忠诚与对国家的忠诚混为一谈，不加区分。这是宋代名将岳飞悲剧发生的主要原因。 其次，在多数人的行为准则中，地方的和血缘的忠诚强于对国家的忠诚。只有在确保了自己家族和本地的利益之后，才谈得上行使对国家的义务。这是为什么君主登基之后都要大肆进行血缘分封，而地方官员也要任人唯亲，甚至封建割据盛行的主要原因。只是在面对异族入侵时，传统意义上的爱国情感才能被激发出来。 传统爱国主义的这种特征在当时的合理性在于，在自然经济的基础上，各地的经济联系以及与此相适应的交通能力都非常有限，因此强权政治是统治者维系国家统治的基本手段，而强权只能与任人唯亲相吻合。 这一点，我们还可以从原始氏族首领和其成员的首要任务和崇高义务，就是维护自己血缘氏族的生存利益中一目了然。现代意义上的爱国主义则明确的把对领袖个人的忠诚和对“国家”这一政治共同体的忠诚区别开来，只有当领袖和政府的利益与全体人民的利益相一致时，当他们能够真正代表“国家”时，爱国主义才延及他们。 因此，爱国就是爱全体人民，这是爱国主义的根本所在。在社会关系中，它要求对民族国家的忠诚战胜人伦的、地方的和血缘的忠诚。 在转型中的社会，社会发展的不平衡和价值观念的冲突使人们的爱国主义观念有很大的不同。一方面，我们可以看到狭隘的地方忠诚在人们心目中仍然占据着重要的地位。很多人的首要义务是忠于他的近亲，然后扩至家族、部族、地域的或宗教集团。正如我们在很多发展中国家所看到的，很多人对以牺牲国家利益为代价来增进个人或小集团的利益的行为并不感到内疚。 反之，却要受到冷落和歧视。血缘和地方的忠诚总是强于对民族国家的忠诚。他们只有在保护小集团利益的基础上或与外国人打交道时才愿意履行忠于国家的义务。 那么，如何才能确立现代爱国主义的价值观呢？我们知道，权利和义务是一对矛盾，人们只有享受到一定的权利，才会自觉地去尽义务；反之，尽了一定义务的人，必然会要求自己应该享受的权利。从社会发展来看，一个社会越是具有现代性，它的公民的权利和义务就越是平衡。 在此基础上，当一个社会中大多数人的权利和义务都得到了基本实现的时候，他们就会把自己看成是国家和社会的主人。在这个基础上发展起来的爱国主义是一种自觉程度很高、现代性很强的思想意识。 反之，在一个缺乏民主意识和公民意识的国度里，或者说，在一个公民权利实现程度很低、只讲奉献的传统国度里，很难使人做到用国家的忠诚来取代个人的、血缘的和地方的忠诚。在很多发展中国家，爱国主义与其他的基本价值观一样，正处于价值转换阶段，还含有很多传统的因素，与现代国家的基本要求有很大的差距。 培育现代价值观是很多发展中国家文化建设和爱国主义教育中必不可少的重要内容。只有明确认识到这一点，我们才能主动地去培育和宣传这种现代意识。 具体来说，经常、普遍和有效的手段就是通过各种媒介进行传播。这种传播可能是无形的，但其影响力是深远的。在此基础上要适时的取消和制定相应的法规，以推动这种现代价值观的发展。只有在法治的条件下，现代价值观才能最终在全社会得到认同。没有法制保障人民主权和个人权利的实现，人民就不会有当家作主的意识，而没有当家作主的意识，法制社会的建立以及现代爱国主义和集体主义从何谈起？

The great occasion of nation stanza of international communityThe great occasion of nation stanza is each nation of importance festival, but the name have dissimilarity.Many nation call"great occasion of nation stanza" or"National Day", have some a nation call"independence day" or"independence stanza", also have of call"republican day", "republic day", "revolution day", "liberation day", "nation renew stanza", "constitution day"...etc., also have direct with country plus "day" of, like"Australia day", "Pakistan day", have of with king of birthday or mount the throne a day for National Day, such as meet a king to substitute, great occasion of nation of concrete the date also immediately replace. Every time round National Day, all countries all want to hold dissimilarity form of celebration activity with strengthen an our country people of patriotic consciousness, strengthen nation of coagulate dint.The of all countries also all want to mean a congratulation mutually.Meet five meet ten National Days, have of still want to extend celebration scale.Is a celebration National Day, governments in all countries usually need to hold a great occasion of nation reception, from nation the head of state, the mastermind of the government or foreign minister appear publicly to manage, invitation reside the region of all countries diplomatic corps and other importance the foreign guest attend.But the nation also had don't hold reception, such as the United States, England all don't hold reception. The meaning that is from the date top say, the whole world include an our country at inside, there is 30 nation around for the country celebrating stanza by founding a nation a day;Have plenty of to for the country celebrate stanza by day of constitution promulgation, such as federal Germany(Germany);Have of start revolution a day by revolution to for the country celebrate stanza, in the same way country;Some with nation head of state's birthday for the country celebrate stanza, such as Japan(Japan), Thailand(Thailand), Holland(Holland), Denmark(Denmark), England(England) etc. country.Interesting BE, these nations replace along with the king, Emperor or the queen but change great occasion of nation stanza of date. The most long great occasion of nation stanza is a saint horsepower on the world history the great occasion of nation stanza of the promise.Far in 301 years, saint horsepower promise pair of September 3 day settle is oneself of great occasion of nation stanza, up to now already very have long of history. The United States with July 4 day independence day for National Day.This day every year, whole the United States various church bell together Ming, everyplace the residents self-movingly hold a celebration parade.Under the general circumstance, this day the people who attend parade can choice various of disguise, constitute the family small music band, have of friend even Zu together, the Sun Ji3 Bei4 person carry song to carry dance and hug to go shopping a head.Become the one happiness ocean more on the avenue, every kind of colourful car, model car, stunt car...etc. be together happiness of the crowd constituted vastly and mightily together of parade.Parade after the be over, people come together in park or a little bit other public place, with oneself like of the way together spend joyfully this grand festival. It is great occasion of nation stanza in Norway for May 17 days.(again call constitution day)The inside of the grand festival here, you will see a thousands person dress race clothing and spend joyfully joyful festival.In the street is an almost braces type to drag along ground long skirt from young girl to old Fu, red, white, black, green, in the very thick hair or cotton top embroider fresh and gorgeous blossom and pattern, everybody of all have beautiful silver system jewel before the chest, have of still be covered with the cape of kit, wear dissimilarity the race small hat of the color is really gorgeous and colorful.The man's clothing is from the basinet palace demitoilet to the red of 21 centuries popular the fashionable dresses all have, is also thousand Zi 100 Tais make person's eyes not the Xia connect.Have many old man to wear before the chest full the merit badge of various each kind, take civilization stick, wear Gao Tong3 Li3's hat, have gentleman poise. This day, lead to Carl of palace ·John's avenue became the person's ocean, flower of the ocean of ocean, national flag.On the Gao Da4 flagpole that the road both sides is temporary to stick out, the building take over, veranda up, window top all flaunt national flag. Great occasion of nation parade beginning of time, king dress black demitoilet, stand is attend a celebration a set central;The right side is the queen whom the body wear red a demitoilet;The queen's right side is prince and princess.All of everythings are so a nature, so simple and honest, everything all body now people be heartfelt to the motherland, to race of infinite passion.

Nations in the world, we Chinese people are one of the greatest nation. No country in the world as we, like China, has a long history of five thousand years from top to bottom; do not have a country like ours, like China, since ancient times has a pulse on the origin of the word. Why are our homeland at the long river of history, has experienced ups and downs for thousands of years, after big storms, still ranks at the east of the world? Why are we in this ancient nation, is still filled with vigor and strong vitality? This is because we have a nation of enormous vitality, cohesion and creativity, this is patriotism, which is the immortal soul of the Chinese nation. "Only the soul of the people are valuable, she can only carry forward up to true progress in China." Patriotism is the soul of the nation, are the concentrated expression of the national spirit, she is up for thousands of years to consolidate, the homeland of their own are one of the most profound feelings. Patriotism has always been encouraged by our country to mobilize and unite the people of a banner of struggle, in the long process of historical development, the outstanding sons and daughters of the Chinese nation in the creation of a glorious history in the process of continuous cultivation, the accumulation and the formation of a great national spirit. Patriotic tradition of the Chinese nation has taken root deeply in the national consciousness, national character and national spirit among the people of all nationalities in our country's precious spiritual wealth. She is the manner of the Chinese nation, keep the spirit has grown in strength and power, are the essence of national culture. From the care for "top to bottom search" of the Yuan, to the "foreign enemy is not out why for the Home"; from the "sake of the general good" of Yue Fei, the "dedicated loyaltyaccording to" the Wen; from Haoran righteousness, the Linto the rejuvenation of China's revolutionary pioneer Sun Yat-sen; from "a thousand pointing fingers, bow my head to be content to be a willing ox" of Lu Xun, to "only the expense of many aspirations, the courage to teach the sun-for - Xintian "of Mao Zedong; from the" less preferred to live twenty years, but also won the largest oil field, "Wang Jinxi, to" the people are my son, "Deng Xiaoping and so on. Are reflected in their possession a splendid come, light the sun, go down the history of the spirit of patriotism. Patriotism of a nation of any of the subject is timeless, it is the mother of the nation, the root of the nation, national power, the soul of the nation. Patriotism of any person is a moral and behavioral norms, which is a condensation of the loyalty and love of homeland. Loyalty, the soil should be loyal to their own; love, we should love their motherland. Chinese people in our belief, the "country" and "home" are inseparable. Patriotism as love, and love is better than the patriotic home, "to the world for any" feelings of this tradition, traditional beliefs, has been melting at the blood descendants of the Yellow Emperor. Blood flow in his heart, surging voice of the Chinese, the Yangtze River, the Great Wall, Yellow River, Huangshan heavy in our hearts heavy. Sons and daughters of the motherland, patriotism, patriotic ambition, efficiency-nation tour, is no force that can not be shaken. Patriotic Spirit is the soul of the most pure, good men and women are the most beautiful soul, and love the nation is the most noble feelings of every patriotic Chinese are our most sacred mission of the sons and daughters. Is a noble patriotic feelings, but also a sacred duty; patriotism is a good habit, but also a down-to-earth practice; patriotism is a distillation of the idea, but also a willing sacrifice. If each of our students are on the rise of the Chinese reading; each peasant for the prosperity of the motherland work; each staff for the revitalization of the nation and fight; every military for the country's peace and devotion; each of the intellectuals for the rich and powerful and luminous Chinese; each for Chinese people to fight off the Chinese! Well, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will certainly just around the corner! On the idea of patriotism must be in the minds of our deeply rooted feelings of patriotism in the U.S. must be rolling in the blood flowing, the banner of patriotism must be on the U.S. over the high flying, forever flying

对任何一个国家来说，国庆都是非常隆重而特别的节日，总要进行各式各样的庆祝或纪念活动，以激发民众的爱国热情，增强国家的凝聚力。 不过，世界各国的国庆节不仅来历不同，名称也大不一样，如许多国家叫“国庆节”或“国庆日”，但也有不少国家叫“独立日”、“共和日”、“宪法日”、“革命日”、“解放日”等，还有直接以国名加上“日”的，如“澳大利亚日”、“巴基斯坦日”，有的则以国王的生日或登基日为国庆。 而且，由于各国的国情和传统各异，庆祝方式也多姿多彩。下面，我们不妨来看看世界其他国家是如何欢度自己的国庆日的。 1.加拿大：穿各式枫叶服装大游行 加拿大国庆日是7月1日，每到这个日子，全国放假一天，一同欢庆。大批加拿大人都会在国庆日举行热闹的游行活动，人们还喜欢在游行时穿上有代表性的枫叶服装，表达自己的爱国之情。更为有趣的是，富有创意的加拿大人设计出了千奇百怪的枫叶系列服，连雨伞、眼镜也都是枫叶的造型，成为一道独特而靓丽的风景。 另外，加拿大国庆时还有放烟火等活动。2003年，加拿大皇家造币厂还为国庆发行了一枚彩色银币以示庆贺。该币的反面图案是一只逼真的北极熊，上面有枫叶飘落在CANADA字样上，大红和银白的色彩搭配产生了一种强烈的视觉效果。 2.英国：女王的“官方生日”为国庆日 和世界很多国家都不一样，英国的国庆日是女王的“官方生日”。英国女王伊丽莎白二世的真正生日是1926年4月21日，但是，她的“官方生日”则定在每年6月第二个星期六。 由于伦敦6月中旬的天气总是特别好，所以这段时间前后，英国人一般都举行一些大型的花卉园艺展览，不仅规模大，设计新，而且漂亮壮观，国庆自然也更添了几分喜庆。这一天，英国皇家卫队的骑兵在伦敦骑士广场上接受女王的检阅，场面十分庄严盛大。 另外，女王贺寿活动中有很重要的一项内容：为国内外名流封爵授勋。受嘉奖者名单分别由政府和王室拟定，并在女王的官方生日公布。 不过，因为星期六本来就是休息日，所以英国人这一天不放假。 3.美国：敲响自由钟，举行盛大游行 美国的国庆日又称为“独立日”，是美国的主要法定节日之一，日期为每年7月4日，以纪念1776年7月4日大陆会议在费城正式通过《独立宣言》。 独立日在美国是一个相当热闹的节日。过去，独立日的庆祝活动以游行和演讲为主，带有一定的宗教色彩。后来，逐渐增加了户外活动、体育比赛、燃放爆竹和烟火等活动。 每逢独立日，全美大大小小的教堂钟声齐鸣，以纪念这个特殊的日子。首先敲响的是费城自由钟。随后，各地居民自发进行庆祝游行，形式丰富多彩：有人进行化妆游行，扮成骑马的牧师或坐着古式马车的贵族小姐；有的全家祖孙几辈载歌载舞，边舞边行。这时，各种彩车、模型车、杂技车和小孩玩具车同欢乐的人群一起排成浩浩荡荡的队伍前进，景象十分壮观、热闹。 游行结束，人们往往聚在公园或公共场所共同欢度节日，尽情欢歌畅饮。如果正好碰上总统选举或议会选举，政客们也往往在这个时候抓紧进行竞选演说。 4.法国：大规模阅兵，推青蛙比赛 7月14日是法国国庆日。1789年的这一天，巴黎人民攻占了象征封建统治的巴士底狱，推翻了君主政权。1880年，7月14日被正式确立为法国的国庆日，法国人每年都要隆重纪念这个象征自由和革命的日子。 每年的7月14日，法国全国放假一天。节日前夕，到处都挂起彩旗，所有建筑物和公共场所都饰以彩灯和花环，街头路口架起一座座饰有法国国旗颜色——红、白、蓝色布帷的露天舞台，管弦乐队在台上演奏流行乐曲。 国庆日前后的晚上，狂欢的人群纷纷涌向街头，脖子上围着红、白、蓝三色彩带，随着音乐跳起欢快的卡马尼奥舞及其它民间舞蹈。 另外，法国每年都要在香榭丽舍大街上举行大规模的阅兵仪式，还要燃放烟火。入夜，明亮的红、白、蓝三色探照灯光柱交叉摇曳在凯旋门上空，节日的灯火与天空中缤纷的焰火交相辉映，爆竹声与狂欢的乐曲声、欢呼声响成一片，使节日庆祝达到最高潮。 在农村，国庆日之际，人们往往举行穿袋子赛跑、小车推青蛙比赛等一些十分有特色的活动，同样热闹非凡。 5.泰国：国庆日为国王生日 国王在泰国享有至高无上的地位，所以，泰国的国庆日也定在国王普密蓬•阿杜德的生日——12月5日。 每当国王的生日来临，曼谷的大街小巷都悬挂国王普密蓬•阿杜德和王后诗丽吉的肖像。同时，身着礼服的泰国士兵将在曼谷市铜马广场参加盛大的阅兵式。 6.新加坡：国庆大典，进行战机和跳伞表演 新加坡的国庆日在8月9日，每到这一天，新加坡都会举行国庆大典，举国欢腾。同时，还将举行隆重热烈的国庆检阅典礼，届时还会有精彩的战机和跳伞表演。 7. 朝鲜：阅兵游行，欢呼声震耳欲聋 9月9日是朝鲜民主主义人民共和国成立纪念日。国庆前夕，国旗插遍了平壤市的大街小巷，巨型标语伫立在市区交通要道。9日，平壤市中心的金日成广场会举行庆祝国庆的盛大阅兵式和群众游行。 在一片震耳欲聋的欢呼声中，朝鲜党政军领导人来到广场主席台，朝鲜陆海空三军近百个方队陆续通过主席台接受检阅。随后，平壤各界群众开始大游行，整个金日成广场成为一片红色的海洋。挪威：盛装出行挪威5月17日是挪威国庆节(又叫宪法日)。在这个盛大的节日里，你会看到成千上万的人穿着民族服装，欢度佳节。街上，一批又一批的乘客，从少女到老妇几乎都是背带式拖地长裙，红色、白色、黑色、绿色，在厚厚的毛呢或棉布上绣着鲜艳的花朵和图案，每个人的胸前都有漂亮的银制饰物，有的还披着配套的斗篷，带着相同色彩的民族小帽，真是五颜六色、绚丽多彩。男士的服装则从中世纪的宫廷礼服到21世纪的红色流行时装，也是令人目不暇接、千姿百态。有许多老人胸前戴满了各种各样的勋章，手拿文明棍，头戴高筒礼帽，颇有绅士风度。 这天，通向王宫的卡尔•约翰大街变成了人的海洋、花的海洋、国旗的海洋。路两边临时竖起的高大旗杆上飘扬着一面面红底镶白边的蓝十字挪威国旗；楼顶上、阳台上、窗户上插着国旗；更令人惊喜的是几乎每个人手中都拿着一面小国旗，婴儿的摇篮车上插着国旗，公共汽车上插着国旗，出租上插着国旗，警车上插着国旗，男士的西服上戴着和国旗色相同的红、白、蓝三色彩条，女士的胸花、领边也是红、白、蓝三色彩条编织的，就连小狗的脖子上也系着红、白、蓝三色彩条。国庆游行开始的时候，马路两边站满了欢呼的观众，人挤着人，水泻不通。国王穿着黑色礼服，戴着黑色礼帽站在观礼台中央；右边是身着红色礼服、红色礼帽的王后；王后的右边是王子和公主。一切都是那么自然，那么纯朴，一切都是人们发自内心，发自对祖国、对民族的无限热爱