chenmingzhu
Black Holes(黑洞)Black holes are some of the strangest things in space. A black hole sucks in anything that gets near it. Nothing can escape from a black hole—not even light.BLACK HOLES ARE STRONGNothing escapes from a black hole because its gravity is so strong. Gravity is a force that pulls one thing to another. Gravity is the force that holds you down on Earth. When you jump up, Earth’s gravity pulls you right back down. Earth’s gravity also makes the Moon orbit (go around) Earth.The more matter (stuff) that is packed in a star, planet, moon, or other object, the stronger is its gravity. Gravity makes an object with more matter pull an object with less matter toward it. The Sun has a lot more matter than Earth. The Sun’s gravity pulls on Earth. It makes Earth orbit the Sun.Matter is packed very tightly in some things and loosely in others. The matter that makes up an iron ball is packed much tighter than the matter that makes up a bag of feathers. A scientist would say that an iron ball is much denser than a bag of feathers.A black hole is denser than anything you could imagine. A black hole could have a million times more stuff than our Sun. All of this stuff would be packed into an area smaller than a city. The force of gravity from so much stuff packed into such a small area is awesome.WHERE DO BLACK HOLES COME FROM?Astronomers and physicists think black holes come from dying stars. A dying star burns out and stops shining. All the stuff that makes up the star starts falling in on itself. The star gets denser and denser. If the star is big enough and has enough matter, it could get dense enough to become a black hole.STUDYING BLACK HOLESNo one has really seen a black hole. You cannot see black holes because they do not give off any kind of light. Physicists used math to predict that black holes exist.Astronomers look for signs of black holes. Astronomers study powerful rays coming from stars in deep space. The stars seem to be orbiting black holes. Astronomers think that black holes are sucking gas from the stars, and this makes the stars give off X rays.Galaxies are enormous groups of stars. Astronomers think that most galaxies have huge black holes at their centers. The Hubble Space Telescope took pictures of a disk of hot gases at the center of our own Milky Way Galaxy. Astronomers think this disk is going around an enormous black hole right in the center of our galaxy. 黑洞(黑洞)黑洞是在太空的一些奇怪的事。一个黑洞吸入任何靠近它。没有什么能逃脱黑hole-not甚至光。黑洞是强大的没有逃离黑洞因为它的引力是如此的强烈。重力是一股力量,把一件事到另一个地方。重力是地球上把你的力量。当你跳起来时,地球引力把你拉回来。地球的引力也让月球地球轨道(四处)。越多事情(东西),装在一个明星,行星,月亮,或其他对象,它的引力就越强。物体重力使一个对象有更多物质拉向它用更少的问题。太阳比地球更重要。地球上太阳的引力拉。它使地球轨道太阳。问题是包装非常紧密一些事情和松散。这件事让一个铁球比这件事更紧了,一袋羽毛。科学家会说,一个铁球比一袋密集的羽毛。一个黑洞的密度比你能想象的任何东西。一个黑洞可能更多的东西比太阳的一百万倍。所有的这些东西会比城市更小的区域里。这么多东西的重力挤进这么小的区域是可怕的。黑洞来自哪里?天文学家和物理学家认为黑洞来自垂死恒星。垂死的恒星燃烧停止照耀。所有的东西,明星开始下降。星星变得越来越密集的。如果恒星足够大,有足够的物质,它能密度足以成为一个黑洞。研究黑洞没有人真正看到一个黑洞。你看不见黑洞因为他们不发出任何类型的光。物理学家利用数学预测,黑洞的存在。天文学家寻找黑洞的迹象。天文学家研究强大的射线来自恒星外层空间。星星似乎环绕黑洞。天文学家认为,黑洞吸气体从恒星,这使得星星发出X射线。星系是巨大的恒星组。天文学家认为,大多数星系有巨大的黑洞中心。哈勃太空望远镜拍照片的一个磁盘的热气体在我们的银河系的中心。天文学家们认为这个磁盘将在一个巨大的黑洞就在银河系的中心。
家装工装
It's 10 p.m. You may not know where your child is. but the chip does. The chip will also know if your child has fallen and needs immediate help. Once paramedics arrive ,the chip will also be able to tell the rescue workers which drugs little Johnny or Janic is allergic(过敏的)to.At the hospital,the chip will tell doctors his or her complete medical history. And of counse ,when you arrive to pick up your child , settling the hospital bill with your health insurance policy will be a simple matter of waving your own chip -the one embedded(牢固地,插入)in your hand . To some ,this may sound far-fetched .But the technology for such chips is no longer the stuff of science fiction,And it may soon offer many other benefits besides locating lost childen or elderly Alzheimer patients. "Down the line ,it could be used as credit cards and such ,"says Chris Hables Gray , a professor of cultural studies of science and technology at the University of Great Falls in Montana,"A lot of people won't have to carry wallets anymore ,"he says,"what the implications are for this technology,in the long run,is profound.” Indeed, some are aleady wondering what this sort of technology may do to the sense of personal privacy and liberty. “Any technology of this kind is easily abusive of personal privacy.”says Lee Tien,senior staff attorney for the Electronic Frontier Foundation.“If a kind is trackable,do you want other people to be able to track your kid?It’s a double-edged sword.” Tiny Chips That Know Your Name The research of embedding microchips isn’t entirely new.Back in 1988,Brian Warwick,a professor of cybernetics(控制论) at Reading University in London,implanted a chip into his arm as an experiment to see if Warwick’s computer could wirelessly track his whereabouts with the university’s building. But Applied Digital Solutions,Inc,in Palm Beach,Fla. is one of the latest to try and push the experments beyond the realm of academic research and into the hands——and bodies——of ordinary humans. The company says it has recently applied to the Food and Drug Administration for permission to begin testing its VeriChip device in humans.About the size of a grain of rice,the microchip can be encoded with bits of information and implanted in humans under a layer of skin.When scanned by a nearby reader,the embedded chip yields the data——say an ID number that links to a computer database file containing more detailed information. Chipping Blocks Most embedded chips designs are so-called passive chip which yield information only when scanned by a nearby reader.But active chips——such as the proposed Digital Angel of the future——will need to beam out information all the time.And that means designers will have to develop some sort of power source that can provide a continuous source of energy ,yet be small enough to be embedded with the chips. Another additional barrier,developing tiny GPS receiver chips that cuold be embedded yet still be sensitive enough to receive signals from thousnads of miles out in space.In addition to technical hurdles（需要克服的困难）,many suspect that all sorts of legal and privacy issues would have to be cleared as well. 1. A chip is able to do the following EXCEPT—— A telling the location of your child B telling doctors your child’s medical history C telling whether your child needs immediate help D telling the rescue workers which medicine your child should take at once 2. The word“paramedic”refers to —— A one who is trained to assist a doctor B one who drives the ambulance C an ambulance D a disease 3. The implications for chip technology are proound because—— A it can help people a lot in their daily life B it is easily abusive if personal privacy C it is easily abusive if personal liberty D it is a double-edged sword 4. What has Applied Digital Solutions,Inc,recently done? A It has recently implanted a chip into Professor Brian Warwick’s arm. B It has recently pushed the expermients into the realm of academic research. C It has recently made the research of embedding microchips. D It has recently applied to the Food and Drug Administration for permission to test its VeriChip device in humans. 5. To produce active chips,the problems designers need to solve are as many as — — A two B three C four D five 答案： 1.D细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“…if your child has fallen and needs immediate help. Once paramedics arrive ,the chip will also be able to tell the rescue workers…”得出此结论。 2.A猜测词义题。根据第四段第一句“To some ,this may…”得出此结论。 3.D推论题。根据第七段最后一句话“It’s a double-edged sword.”得出此结论 4.D细节理解题。根据第十一段第一句“The company says it has recently…”得出此结论。 5.C细节理解题。根据文章最后两段叙述得出此结论。 本文来自: 恒星英语学习网(www.Hxen.com) 详细出处参考： 后面不是有参考处的吗，都在这里了
