缠藤小妖
大学英语四级常用语法精选大全
too…to 结构通常表示否定意义:
She was too young to understand all that.
enough…to结构则表示肯定意义:
She was not old enough to understand all that.
not too, but too, all too, only too等和不定式连用时,不定式一般不表示否定意义:
He's only too pleased to help her.
so…as (to)这种结构也可用不定式作状语:
Be so kind as to drop in some time when you are free.
如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的, 可以在不定式前加一个for引起的短语:
It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.
It is a great honour for us to be present at this rally.
在以某些形容词(如 kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时, 不定式前可加一个of引起的短语, 来说明不定式指的是谁的情况:
It's kind of you to think so much of us.
(It is) Awfully good of you to come and meet us.
It's very nice of you to be so considerate.
It's unwise of them to turn down the proposal.
V+ing形式(现在分词及动名词)
形式
完成式: 如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生, 通常用动名词的完成形式.
He didn't mention having met me.
I regret not having taken her advice.
在某些动词后(或成语中), 常用(或可以用)动名词的一般形式, 尽管动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的.
Excuse me for coming late.
I don't remember ever seeing him anywhere.
现在分词的完成式主要用在状语中, 表示这动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.
Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide.
Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy.
另外, 独立结构也可用现在分词的完成形式.
The guests having left, they resumed their discussion.
The children, having eating their fill, were allowed to leave the table.
被动式: 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时, 动名词一般要用被动形式.
His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.
He couldn't bear being made fun of like that.
但要注意, 在want, need, deserve, require 等动词后, 尽管表示的是被动的意思, 却用动名词的主动形式.
My pen needs filling.
The point deserves mentioning.
This problem requires studying with great care.
在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样.
Her method is worth trying.
2016年大学英语四级语法指导(4)
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;
感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动作的`结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);
give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。
I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。
6. I should like to rent a house， modern， comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.
A all in all B above all C after all D over all
all in all 总而言之;above all 首先，尤其是;after all 毕竟，终究;overall 全面的，总体的
in a word 总之，in short 简而言之，in conclusion 最后，总之，to sum up总之，总而言之。
7. _B_ we have finished the course， we shall start doing more revision work.
A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now
now that 既然，由于(相当于since); ever since 自从…以来。
与that搭配且后面可以加句子的几个表达形式：
now that 既然，由于; in that 因为; except that 除…之外。
except后面加名词或代词;except that后面加句子。
8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders.
A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to
be attached to 连接，附属; This school is attached to Beida. 这所学校附属于北大。
responsible to 对…负有责任; resistant adj. 反抗的，抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。
be contrary to 与。。相反(相违背)。
9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.
A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going
regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do sth. 遗憾的做某事(应用语境非常有限)。
10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.
A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice
out of work 失业; out of reach 够不着 within reach 够得着; out of practice 缺乏练习。
吃那么一天
一、英语四级翻译必考语法：介词使用(of/to/in…) 过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。 过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。 习俗过中秋节的开始流行于唐代早期在中国各地。 The tradition of celebrating mid-autumn day became popular at the beginning of Tang dynasty throughout china. 这个句子有印象没?是我借的六级句子给大家讲的吧? 好，我们来看这次的新句子： 中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。 中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。 中国给数百万在线零售商机会销售商品以极具竞争力的价格 China is providing millions of online retailers chances to sell goods at a very competitive price. 我们看到，完全不一样的两句话，完全一样的.考点。 二、英语四级翻译必考语法：定语从句 中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。 Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. 我说过，『这』和『该』就是which吧，特别重要。来，上新句子： 据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。 It is reported that China’s courier service will deliver 12 billion packages, which will possibly make China the largest express market in the world, larger than the U. S. 请问：有差别吗?而且我是用最简单的单词和语法写的，你发现没?我要让你们知道，单词并不重要，翻译从来就不是学霸们才用得起的奢侈品。 然后，你再想想，定语从句能用的地方，再看看刚刚考过的句子，是不是有一种脑洞大开的感脚?? u 中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业革命。 u 中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到2020年建成一个太空站。 三、英语四级翻译必考语法：插入语或同位语 大熊猫(giant panda)是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量极少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。 The giant panda, a sort of peaceful animal with unique white and black fur, has been listed as an endangered species because of its rarity. 熟不?废话，去年考过的，我点睛班反复讲过的。 来，上新题： 中国是世界上最古老的文明之一，构成现代世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。 China, the most ancient civilization in the world, is the starting place of many elements which formed the modern world’s fundamentals.
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