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把学问过于用作装饰是虚假;完全依学问上的规则而断事是书生的怪癖。下面给大家分享一些关于 八年级 上册英语unit2知识点整理,希望对大家有所帮助。

Unit2单词

housework ['ha?sw??k] n.家务劳动

hardly ['hɑ?dli] adv.几乎不;简直不;刚刚

ever ['ev?(r)] adv.曾经;在任何时候

once [w?ns] adv.一次;曾经

twice [twa?s] adv.两倍;两次

Internet ['?nt?net] n.因特网

program ['pr??ɡr?m] n.节目;程序;课程;节目单

full [f?l] adj.满的;充满的;完全的

swing [sw??] n.摇摆;秋千v.摇摆;旋转

maybe ['me?bi] adv.或许;也许;可能

swing dance摇摆舞

least [li?st] adj.最小的;最少的

at least至少

hardly ever很少;几乎从不;难得

junk n.垃圾;废旧杂物

coffee ['k?fi] n.咖啡;咖啡色

health [helθ] n.健康;人的身体或精神状态

result [r?'z?lt] .结果;后果

percent [p?'sent] adj.百分之...的

online [??n'la?n] adj.在线的adv.在线地

television ['tel?v??n] n.电视机;电视节目

although [??l'???] conj.虽然;尽管;然而;可是

through [θru?] prep.穿过;凭借;一直到

body ['b?di] n.身体

mind [ma?nd] .头脑;想法;意见;心思

such [s?t?] adj.这样的;如此的

together [t?'ɡe??(r)] adv.共同;一起

die [da?] v.死;枯竭;消失

writer ['ra?t?(r)] n.作者;作家

dentist ['dent?st] n.牙科医生

magazine ['m?ɡ?zi?n] n.杂志

however [ha?'ev?(r)] adv.然而;无论如何;不管多么

than [??n] conj.比

almost ['??lm??st] adv.几乎;差不多

none [n?n] pron.没有人;没有任何东西,毫无

less [les] adj.更少的;较少的

point [p??nt] n.看法;要点;重点;小数点;目标;分数

such as例如;诸如

junk food n.垃圾食品;无营养食品

more than超过;多于;不仅仅;非常

less than不到;少于

Claire 克莱尔

Sue 苏

American Teenager 《美国青少年》

Unit2知识梳理

【重点 短语 】

1.Clean-Up Day 清洁日

2. an old people’s home 养老院

3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难

4. used to 过去常常......

5. care for 关心;照顾

6. the look of joy 快乐的表情

7. at the age of 在......岁时

8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净

9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋

10. give out 分发;散发

11. come up with 想出;提出

12. make a plan 制订计划

13. make some notices 做些公告牌

14. try out 试用;试行

15. work for 为…工作;为…. 效力

16. put up 建造;举起;张贴

17. hand out 分发;散发;发给

18. call up 打电话;召集

19. put off 推迟;延迟

20. for example 比如;例如

21. raise money 筹钱;募捐

22. take after 与......相像;像

23. give away 赠送;捐赠

24. fix up 修理 ;修补;解决

25. be similar to 与……相似

26. set up 建立;设立

27. disabled people 残疾人

28. make a difference 影响;有作用

29. be able to 能够

30. after-school reading program 课外阅读项目

【重点句型】

1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.

这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.

清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 每周六上午,他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.

去年,她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5.You can see in their eyes that they're going on a different journey with each new book.

从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。

6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.

我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.

现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Luck.

在你的帮助下,我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

Unit2词汇精讲

1. maybe

maybe是副词,意思是“也许,可能”,在句中作状语,相当于perhaps,常位于句首。例如:

Maybe she’ll come this afternoon.

她可能今天下午来。

Maybe you put the letter in your pockets.

大概你把信放在衣袋里了。

【拓展】

(1)maybe和may be的辨析:

maybe是副词,而在may be中,may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,与主语形成系表结构,意为“也许是、可能是”。例如:

I can’t find my watch. It may be in your pocket.

我找不到我的手表了,它可能在你的口袋里。

He may be a soldier. 他可能是军人。

(2)maybe和may be可相互转换。 例如:

He may be in the office. = Maybe he is in the office.

他或许在办公室。

You may be right. = Maybe you are right.

你或许是对的。

2. although

although的意思相当于though,意为“尽管,虽然”,用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but; and; so等连用,但可以和yet; still等词连用。例如:

Although he lives alone, he doesn’t feel lonely.= He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.

虽然他一个人住,但他并不感到孤独。

There is air all around us, although we cannot see it.

虽然我们看不见空气,但空气却存在于我们的周围。

【拓展】although与though的辨析:

(1)用作连词,表示“虽然”,二者可以互换使用,但although比though更为正式。例如:

Though/Although it was raining, we still went there.

虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那里。

(2)although一般不用作副词,而though可用作副词,且一般放在句末(不放在句首),意为“可是,不过”。例如:

It’s hard work; I enjoy it, though.

工作很辛苦,可是我很喜欢。

We all tried our best. We lost the game, though.

我们都尽了最大努力,但我们还是输了。

(3)在as though(好像,仿佛),even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中不能用although。例如:

He talks as though he knows everything.

他夸夸其谈,好像无所不知。

3. die

die是动词,意为“死亡”,是短暂性动作,常用于过去时中,过去式为died。例如:

Plants and people will die without water.

没有水,植物和人都会死。

His father died two years ago. 他的父亲两年前去世的。

例如:The tree has been dead for ten years. 这棵树死了10年了。

She looked at her dead cat sadly.

伤心地看着她死去的猫。

My grandpa died two years ago.

我爷爷两年前去世了。

The fish will die without water.

鱼离开水会死去。

Car accidents have caused a lot of deaths.

车祸造成很多人死亡。

The doctors have saved the dying man.

医生们救活了那个垂死的人。

4. however&but

however和 but都意为“可是,但是”;但是用法不同。

(1)however不能直接连接两个分句,必须另起新句,并用逗号隔开。例如:

It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy.

雨下得很大,然而我们还是出去寻找那个孩子。

(2)but是并列连词,连接两个并列分句,后面不用逗号,前后两句在总的意义上构成了对比。例如:

I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.

我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪,但是这次我要尝一点。

(3)however比but用的场合更正式, 因此however用于书面语,而but 常用于口语。另外, however的意思还不只局限于“但是;然而”,它还有其他的用法。例如:

However hard I worked, she was never satisfied.

无论我多么努力地工作,她从来没满意过。

However did you get here without a car?

没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢?

5. hardly&hard

hardly和hard形式上很接近,但意义截然不同。

(1)hardly是表频率的副词,意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,相当于almost not。例如:

There is hardly any coffee left.= There’s almost no coffee left. 几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。

(2)hard作形容词时,意为“困难的;硬的;勤奋的;严厉的;苛刻的”。hard作副词时常用来表示程度,意为“努力地;猛烈地;剧烈地”。例如:

This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地太硬,挖不动。

They tried hard to succeed. 他们努力工作,以求得成功。

【拓展】常见的表示频度的副词:

(1)always 的频度为100%,表示动作重复、状态继续,中间没有间断,意思是“总是”、“永远地”。例如:

The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.

太阳总是东升西落。

(2)usually 的频度为70%左右,意为“通常”、“平常”,即很少有例外。例如:

He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常10点钟睡觉。

(3)often 的频度为50%左右,意为“常常”,但不如usually那么频繁,表示动作重复,中间有间断。例如:

He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。

(4)sometimes 的频度为20%左右,意为“有时”,表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首,以示强调。例如:

It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold. 天气忽冷忽热。

Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.

他有时这样做,有时那样做。

(5)hardly ever 的频度为5%左右,意为“几乎不”、“偶尔”。例如:

I hardly ever go out these days. 这些天我几乎不出门。

(6)never 的频度为0,意为“从来不”、“永不”。例如:

My parents are never late for work.

我父母上班从来不迟到。

6. exercise

(1)作不及物动词,意为“锻炼、运动”。例如:

-How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次?

-I exercise every day. 我每天都锻炼。

(2)作不可数名词,意为“锻炼、运动”,常与动词take连用。例如:

Exercise makes me keep healthy. 运动使我保持健康。

(3)作可数名词,意为“练习;操”。例如:

We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天做早操。

We do English exercises to help us learn English well.

我们做英语练习以便学好英语。

7. health

health为名词,意为“健康”,其形容形式为healthy,意为“健康的”。unhealthy意为“不健康的,是healthy的 反义词 。healthily是“健康地”,是副词。

在名词词尾加y构成形容词,类似的词还有:

rain—rainy 雨—下雨的 sun—sunny 太阳—晴朗的

luck—lucky 幸运—幸运的 wind—windy 风—刮风的

8. once / twice

once“一次”,twice“两次”,在英语中三次或三次以上通常用“基数词+times”表示,time在这里为可数名词,意为“次数”,复数加s。例如:

I wash my face twice a day. 我每天洗两次脸。

He has been there four times. 他去过那里四次。

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八上英语知识树

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七月的尾巴

故有知识的人,道义上有为后者代言的义务。人最容易丧失的是同情心,而杜甫就是一个正面例子。下面我给大家分享一些 八年级 英语上册知识点归纳,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!

八年级英语上册知识点1

I’m going to study computer science.

【重点词语/ 短语 用法解析】

1.want to be/become + (职业)名词 :“想要成为…..”

I want to be (be) a scientistwhen I grow up.

2.write stories 写 故事

tell stories 讲故事

3.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事(表动作的反复)

keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)

4. besure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”

Are you sure about that?

make sure (that)+从句“…...确保...…”

Make sure that both doors are closed whenyou go out.

5.learn sth. We must learn English every day.

learn to do sth. I amgoing to learn to play ( play) the piano.

6. discuss v. 讨论;商量 名词是discussion

discuss with sb. 与某人讨论 :

Discuss this question with yourpartner.

Let’sdiscuss this problem. 让我们讨论一下这个问题。

All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论。

7. beable to do sth. 能够做某事

(1)can : can+动词原形,无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时。

be able to + 动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态。

(2)can 常指客观上能够;be able to 更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事。

He will be able to(能够) speak English next year.(在此不能填can)

8.promise n. 承诺;诺言 v. 许诺;承诺;答应

make a promise(to sb) (对某人)许下诺言

keep a promise 遵守诺言

break a promise 违背诺言

promise (sb) to do sth. 许诺某人干某事

promise (sb) +that 从句

He promised to help me. 他许诺过要帮助我。

I promised that I study hard from nowon. 我承诺从现在起努力学习。

9.have to do with 关于;与……有关系

The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。

10. takeup sth./doing sth.(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做

I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我将要学煮饭。

11. Sometimesthe resolutions may be too difficult to keep.

too+形容词/副词 to+动词原形,表示“太…...而不能...…”如:

The kid is too young to play thisgame. 这个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏。

12.one’sown +名词 “某人自己的东西”, 强调某物为个人所有

my own book 我自己的书本

【重点语法】

一般将来时“am/is/are going to +动词原形”结构

1. 基本形式

否定式:am/is/are not going to +动词原形

一般疑问式:am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在伦敦度假。

Look at the dark clouds. There is going tobe a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。

Is he going to collect any data forus? 他会帮我们收集数据吗?

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么?

2. 基本用法

(1)表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。

Dad and I are going to watch an opera thisafternoon.

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

(2)表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测。

Look! There come the dark clouds. It isgoing to rain.

瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。

八年级英语上册知识点2

Ifyou go to the party,

you’llhave a great time!

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. have agreat time 意为“玩得愉快”,=enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good /wonderful / nice time

have a great / good time in(doing) sth. 做某事很开心

2. ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事

The teachers ask us to do (do)lots of homework.

3. order sth. from+地点“从某地订购食物”

I want to order some books fromthe book store.

4. keep…to oneself 保守秘密

5. unless conj. 除非;如果不

unless 引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事。=if...not

The concert will be held asschedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule ifthere is not a typhoon.

6. be afraidto do sth. 害怕干某事

I’m afraid to speak in front ofother people.

be afraid of sth. 害怕某事

He told me not to be afraid ofdifficulties.

be afraid +that从句

I’m afraid that I can’t finish ontime

7. be angry withsb.

We were angry with him forkeeping us waiting.

be angry at/about sth.

He is angry at/about your answer.

I was very angry at what he said.

8. in the end 最后;终于= at last/ finally

at the end of 在...末端;到...尽头

He married the nice girl in theend/at last/finally.

The school is at the end of thestreet.

9. careless adj. 粗心的; 反义词 :careful, 意为“小心的”。

The boy is very careless. 这个男孩很粗心。

He is more careful than me. 他比我认真。

10. advise v.“劝告;建议”n. advice, 是不可数名词.

Give me some advice!

advise doing sth. 建议做某事。

advise sb.(not)to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事

I advise waiting till the righttime. 我建议等到适当的时候。

I advise him not to sleep lateevery day. 我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。

11. It’s best (not)to do sth. 最好(不)做某事

It’s best to speak English everyday.

12. run away from“ 从…逃离” “逃避”

13. cut …in half “切成两半”

八年级英语上册知识点3

Can you come to my party?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1. one…another… 表示不确定数目中的另一个

one…theother… 表示两者中的另一个

I don't like this one, canyou show me another?

I have two brothers. One is a lawyer andthe other is a manager.

some…others…表示没有范围限定的“一些…...另一些...…”

some…theothers… 表示某一范围的“一些...…其余的…...”

Some go to school by bike and others go toschool by bus.

Some go to school by bike and the others goto school by bus.

2. invite v. 邀请 n. invitation

invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人干某事”

invite sb. to+地点名词

1) Mr. Green invited me to visit hisfactory last week.

2) Thanks a lot for your invitation

3) Thanks for inviting me to yourparty.

3.(1)What’s the date today? 意为“今天是几月几号?” It’s +月+日。

(2)What day isit today? 意为“今天是星期几?”It’s + 星期几。

—What’s thedate? —It’s September 10th.

—What day is it today? — It’s Wednesday.

4.have a lesson(class) 上课

have an English lesson

5.prepare v. 准备 n. preparation

prepare sth. “准备某物”,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。

prepare for sth. “为……做准备”,指为后面的宾语做准备

prepare to do sth. “准备做某事”

6. bring...to…“带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方

take…to…“带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。(两者方向相反)

Bring your homework here, and take the bookaway.

把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走。

7.without(介词)没有 反义词:with“具有”

We can’tlive without water.

Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.

8. sothat +从句: 以便于;目的是

I study hard so that I can get good grades.

9.surprise n. 惊奇

surprised adj. 感到惊奇的(指人)

surprising adj. 令人惊奇的(指物)

be surprised at sth.“惊奇于某事”

to one’ssurprise “令某人惊奇的是”

① I’m surprisedat the surprising news. 我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。

② To my surprise, he left withoutleaving a word. 令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了。

10.look forward to (介词)+名/代/V-ing

I look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答复。

I look forward to seeing you again.

11.hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信。

I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got aletter from my friend yesterday.

12.the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式

Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.

13.how to do that. “该怎么做”,疑问词+to do sth常用来做宾语

I don’tknow how to make a banana milk shake.

I don’tknow what to do.

14.at the end of “在…末尾”

Now, it is at the end of 2014.

反义短语:at the beginning of “ 在…开始”

15.be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高兴/难过做某事

I am glad to see you.

16.reply to sb./sth.“回复…”

Reply in writing to the invitation “以写信形式回复这份 邀请函 ”

【重点语法】

一. 表示邀请的句型

1. Can/Could you…(come to my party)?

2. Would you like to..( Would youlike to my party)?

接受:Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.

拒绝::① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V原 (陈述理由 )

② I’d love/liketo, but I … (理由)

3.I’mafraid not. I…(理由)

二. must与have to

1. must 表示主观“必须”;must 表示“主观上的要求”,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答: needn’t 或 don't have to (不必)。mustn’t 表示“禁止”.

2. have to表客观需要,有人称和时态变化,否: don’t / doesn’t /didn’t have to (没必要)

—Must I be home before eight o’clock? 8点之前我必须回家吗?

—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No,you don't have to.

八年级英语上册知识点4

Howdo you make a banana milk shake?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1.cut是“切, 割”的意思,过去式为cut。

cut up 意为“切碎”

Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up.

Cut it /them up.

2.turn on 打开, 接通(电流、煤气、水等)

turn off 关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等)

turn up 开大,调高(音量、热量等)

turn down 调低,关小(音量、热量等)

3.one more thing 另外一件事情

another ten minutes 再多十分钟

数字+ more + 物品 指“另外的……

another + 数字 +物品 指“另外的……

当数字为one时,常与more连用或只用 another。

Give me two more hamburgers?

another two hamburgers

4. forgetto do sth. 忘记(去)做某事

forgetdoing sth. 忘记已做过某事。

5. It’s a time (for sb). to do sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时期了

It’stime (for sb.)to dosth. =It’s time for sth. 该是(某人)做某事的时间了。

It’sa time for you to study English.

It’stime for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)

6.give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩...…”

We should give thanks for our parents.

He gave thanks for life and food.

7.Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a bigmeal.

by+sth./doing :

1)以…...方式 I study English by listening toEnglish songs.

2)在...…的旁边 I am sitting by the pool.

3)在...…之前 I have to go to school by 8:00.

4)搭乘 I go to school by bus.

8.Here is +名单(宾语) “这是…” 是倒装句

Here is a photo of my family.

Here are+名复

Here are some English books.

当宾语是代词时,要用顺装。如:Here you are.(对) Here are you.(错)

9.fill sth. with sth. 用...…把…...装满 (强调动作)

be full of“装满…”(强调状态)

I filled the cup with themilk.

The cup is full of the milk.

10.put…in(into)…把…...放到...… 里

11.cover…with…用…...覆盖

12.cut …into把…...切成...… Cut the apple into four pieces.

cutup… 切碎

13.serve v. 服务 n. service

serve +名/代“提供…” The shop serves nice food.

serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends with some vegetables.

serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.

【重点语法】

名词:名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象及 其它 抽象概念名称的词。

一、名词分为专有名词和普通名词。

专有名词是表示具体的人、事物、地点、或机构等的专有名称。

如:Guangzhou,Mike,UNESCO等。

专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写。

普通名词是表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称。

如:police,eggs,rice等。

二、普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。

个体名词:表示某一类人或某一类东西中的个体。

如:monkey,panda,ruler,boy等。

集体名词:表示一群人或一类事物的总称。

如:family,police,class,people等。

物质名词:表示无法分为个体或不具备确定形状和大小的实物。

如:Water,air,milk等。

抽象名词:表示抽象概念词。

如:hope,love,spirit。

英语的名词有可数名词和不可数名词两种。

一般来说,个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词。

三、名词单数变复数的规则 总结

1. 规则变化

(1)一般在名词词尾加"-s",

map—maps地图

bird—birds鸟

orange—oranges 桔子

bike—bikes自行车

(2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加"-es"

box—boxes盒子

class—classes班级

watch—watches手表

dish-dishes盘,碟子,餐具

(3)以o结尾的无生命的名词后面加"-s"

photo—photos相片

radio—radios收音机

zoo—zoos动物园

以o结尾的有生命的名词后面加"-es"

tomato—tomatoes西红柿

potato—potatoes土豆

hero—heroes英雄

negro—negroes黑人

(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加"-es "

baby—babies婴儿

family—families家庭

以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加"-s"

boy—boys男孩

toy—toys 玩具

(5)以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为v加”-es “

knife—knives小刀

wife—wives妻子

leaf—leaves树叶。

2. 不规则变化

(1)child---children

foot---feet

tooth---teeth

mouse---mice

man---men

woman---women

注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。

如:an Englishman,two Englishmen。

但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans。

Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。

(2)单复同形的名词

如:deer鹿,sheep绵羊,fish鱼,

Chinese中国人,Japanese日本人

li里,jin斤,yuan元

注意:除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:

a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

(3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。

如:people人, police警察,cattle牛等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,apolice,a cattle.

但可以说 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle

theEnglish,the British,theFrench,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。

如:The Chinese are hard-working and brave.

中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

3. 以s结尾,仍为单数的名词

(1)maths数学,politics政治(学),physics物理学等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。

(2)news消息、新闻是不可数名词。

(3)the United States美国,the United Nations联合国应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。

(4)以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也视为单数。

"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.

<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

4. 注意两点

(1)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套);a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

(2)还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼

四、不可数名词

不可数名词意味着这些名词只能是单数,没有复数形式,不能与数目字如one, two等连用,也不能加不定冠词a(n)。

不可数名词没有单数、复数之分,但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量,我们于是采用这种 方法 :a+表示这些东西的单位+of+不可数名词,

如:acup of tea,a box of milk,apiece of paper等。

如果为了表示多个的概念,我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可。

如:acup of tea---3 cups of tea,a box of milk---12 boxes ofmilk,A piece of paper---100 pieces of paper

【注意】

a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。例如:

Cakeis a kind of food. 蛋糕 是一种食物(不可数)

Thesecakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。(可数)

b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:

Thisfactory produces steel.这个工厂生产钢材。(不可数)

Weneed various steels.我们需要各种各样的钢材。(可数)

c. 当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:

Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。

Twoteas, please. 请来两杯茶。

d. 抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如:

fourfreedoms 四大自由

thefour modernizations 四个现代化

八年级英语上册知识点5

Will people have robots?

【重点词语/短语用法解析】

1.many+可数名词 许多......

much+不可数名词 许多......

2.live to be+基数词 + years old“活到...…岁”

3. bein great danger 处在极大的危险中

4.play a part in +名/代/V-ing. 参与某事/做某事

Everyone should play a part in saving theearth.

5.help (sb.) with sth. 帮助(某人)做某事

He often helps me with my English.

help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助(某人)做……

He often helps me study English.

help oneself ( to ) 自用(食物等)

Help yourself to the fish. 请随便吃鱼

6.the same as… 和……一样...... 反义短语:be different from

7. It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花了……时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定)

It takes me an hour to get to my office.

spend time/moneyon sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)

sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。

I spent two hours on this math problem. 这道数学题花了我个小时。

They spent two years building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

8.hundreds of + 名词复数 许多/大量......

数词+hundred + 名词复数 几百......

类似的数词还有thousand(千) , million(万)

There are four hundred students in ourgrade.

There are hundreds of tourists in Beijingevery year.

9.during 在…期间

during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend

10.the meaning of …的意思

Can you tell me the meaning of the words?

【重点语法】

一般将来时

一、一般将来时的含义

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,或将来经常发生的动作或状态。

二、一般将来时的基本结构

1. will/shall+动词原形

will 在陈述句中用于各种人称;shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。

否定式:will not=won't;shall not=shan't

一般疑问式:will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

Iwill/shall do a better job next time. 下次我要做得好些。

Oiland water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。

—Willhe help you with your English tonight? 今天晚上他会帮助你 学习英语 吗?

—Yes,he will./No, he won't. 是的,他会。/不,他不会。

—Whenwill you arrive for America? 你什么时候去美国?

—Tomorrow. 明天。

2.am/is/are going to +动词原形

否定式:am/is/are not going to +动词原形

一般疑问式:am/is/are +主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他?

特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?

He isgoing to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在伦敦度假。

Lookat the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。

Is hegoing to collect any data for us? 他会帮我们收集数据吗?

Whatare you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么?

三、一般将来时的用法

will+动词原形与am/is/are going to +动词原形的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。

1.will主要用于在以下三个方面:

(1)表示主观意愿的将来。

Theywill go to visit the factory tomorrow.

明天他们将去厂参观工厂。

I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling.

我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。

(2)表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。

Todayis Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.

今天是星期六。明天是(将)是星期日。

Hewill be thirty years old this time next year.

明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。

(3)表示临时决定,通常用于对话中。

—Maryhas been ill for a week.

玛丽病了一周了。

—Oh,I didn't know. I will go and see her.

噢,我不知道。我去看看她。

2. begoing to主要用于一下两个方面:

(1)表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。

Dadand I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

(2)表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测。

Look!There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.

瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。

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1.形容词和副词的比较级 (1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older taller longer stronger, etc (2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc. (3) 双写最后一个字母,再+er bigger fatter, etc. (4) 把y变i,再+er heavier, earlier (5) 不规则变化: well-better, much/many-more, etc. 2.祈使句:Sit down please Don’t sit down, please.3. there be 结构 肯定句: There is a … There are … 一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t. 否定句: There isn’t …. There aren’t…. 4.一般现在时:通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。 形式: 肯定句: I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day.5.现在进行时:形式: be + verb +ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating.动词 —ing 的形式 Most verbs +ing walk—walking Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming 6.重点的句型:1.How many + 复数名词 + are there ...? 此句型是一个特殊疑问句,意思是\"在......有多少......?\"多用来对可数名词的数量提问。How many 后面要接可数名词的复数形式。如: How many apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少个苹果? 2.. What about ...? 此句型意思是\"......怎么样?\"、\"......呢?\",通常用来询问情况或征求意见、看法等。其中的about是介词,后面可接名词、代词或动词等。如: What about that computer? 那台电脑怎么样? My gloves are red. What about theirs? 我的手套是红色的,他们的呢? What about playing games after school? 放学后做游戏怎么样? 3. What time is it?/What\'s the time? 英语中,常用这两个句型来询问现在的时间,意思是\"什么时间了?\"或\"几点了?\"其答语一般用\"It\'s + 时间.\"其中的it指代时间,翻译时可不译,常在句尾加上please,以表示委婉的语气。如: What time is it, please? 请问现在几点了? -It's about a quarter past ten. 大约十点十五分。 4. What colour + be + 主语? 询问某物的颜色,一般用以What colour 开头的特殊疑问句,其答语通常用\"It\'s/They\'re + 表示颜色的形容词\"。如: -What colour is her blouse? 她的衬衫是什么颜色的? -It's light blue. 是浅蓝色的。 5.Whose + 名词 + be + 其它?/Whose + be + 名词? 英语中常用这两个句型来询问某事物属谁所有。如: Whose cup is that? 那是谁的杯子? Whose are these photos? 这些照片是谁的? 6. It's time for + sth. /It's time to do sth. / It's time for sb. to do sth. 这个结构意思都是\"该做某事了\",\"到做某事的时候了\"。如: It's time for school. 到上学的时候了。 It\'s time to have supper. 该吃晚饭了。7. 选择疑问句:选择疑问句是用or连接询问的两部分,以供选择,答案必须是完整的句子或其省略形式,不能用Yes或No回答 一般提出两种或两种以上的可能,问对方选择哪一种.其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句.供选择的两部分用or连接,前者读升调,后者读降调. e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train? What would you like, coffee or tea? How many pens do you have, one or two? 选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no. e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike? By bus. Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee. 一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句 e.g. Is it right or wrong? Were you or he there? Are they reading, chatting or watching TV? 特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句 e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk? What color is it, red, blue or yellow? Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library? or not构成的选择疑问句 e.g. Do you want to buy it or not? Are you ready or not8.另外,“to be + going + 动词不定式”这个特殊的结构可表示在未来即将要进行的动作。 例:He is going to tell me tomorrow - 他将在明天告诉我。练习题:There are ____ water in the bottle.(B)瓶子里有一点水There are ____ water in the bottle.(A)瓶子里没水了There are ____ students in the classroom.(D)教室里有几个学生There are ____ students in the classroom(C)教室里没有学生There are ____ apples on the trees.(D)有几个苹果长在树上选项统一为A、little B、a little C、few D、a few 3. Of course,every one of us_1__to make friends like food---they are useful to us,and they can help us when we are _2__need._3__you can make as many friends of this kind as possible.(1) A.want B.will want C.wants (2) A.in B.on C.for D.of(3) A.And B.But C.So D.Because答案:CAC4.Twenty minutes later,John_1__a tree.His leg was broken,and it hurt _2__. Mr smith _3__to mend the chair.then he_4__himself with a hammer.(1) A.fell over B.fell from C.fell down D.fell on(2) A.all the day B.all day C.whole day D.all days(3) A.starts B.started C.was starting(4) A.damaged B.knocked C.hit D.cut 答案:BABC

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