心在翠微
买卖合同(英文译做sale,contract of)买卖合同是出卖人转移的物的所有权于买受人,买受人支付价款的合同。买卖买受人接受此项财产并支付约定价款的合同法。买卖合同法的法律特征包括:①财产所有权由出卖人转移给买受人,这是买卖合同法的主要法律特征,也是买卖合同法的主要法律后果,故买卖合同法是民事主体取得财产所有权的重要手段。②买卖合同法是有偿的双务合同法。买受人以支付一定价款的义务 ,取得买卖标的物的所有权;出卖人也因为有收受相对应价款的权利,而失去了其出卖财产的所有权。买卖合同法属诺成合同法。除法律或合同法另有规定外,买卖双方意思表示达成协议时,无须交付实物,买卖合同法即告成立。在买卖合同法中,出卖人的主要义务是:将标的物及其财产所有权转移给买受人;保证标的物的质量符合标准。买受人的主要义务是:按规定数额及期限支付价款;按规定受领标的物。 二手房买卖二重买卖,在现实生活中颇为常见,故而产生的纠纷也不少见。二重买卖合同的效力一般而言,出卖人就同一标的物成立二重买卖的,不因此而影响各个买卖合同的效力。正如中国台湾地区学者王泽鉴先生所得的结论:(1)出卖人与后买受人间所订立之买卖契约仍有效成立,不因前买约而受影响。出卖人于将买卖标的物之所有权移转于前买受人后,再与后买受人订立买卖契约者,亦同。(2)前买受人不得以其债权发生在先为理由,而主张出卖人与后买受人间移转所有权之物权契约无效。后买受人取得其物权之所有权,不受前买约之影响。因此说,出卖人就同一标的物成立二重买卖的各个买卖合同均可以为有效合同。二重买卖合同的履行及损害赔偿在二重买卖合同中,各个买卖合同均未履行的,出卖人可自由选择买受人。出卖人对不能取得标的物所有权的买受人应承担违约责任,该买受人可以解除合同,并就因此受到的损失请求出卖人赔偿。在二重买卖中,出卖人将买卖标的物之所有权已转移于前买受人,则原买受人可请求撤销该买卖合同,亦可依生效合同追究出卖人的违约责任;出卖人将买卖标的物之所有权移转于后买受人时,前买受人不得主张此项所有权转移契约无效,前买受人仍可向出卖人主张承担违约责任。 分期付款买卖作为买卖合同的特殊形式,早在古罗马时就已存在。在现代商品交易活动中,分期付款买卖所占的地位越来越重要,特别是在房屋及高档耐用消费品的买卖中更是屡见不鲜,成为商家促销商品和消费者购买商品的一种有效手段。因此,现代各国都非常重视分期付款买卖,并纷纷通过立法规范这种特殊的买卖合同。分期付款买卖之所以会受到广泛的重视,其原因就在于它具有普通买卖所不具有的特性和特有的应用价值。一方面,就买受人而言,只需要支付少量的资金(第一次分期金),就可以从出卖人手中得到价值数倍乃至数十倍的商品而即时加以使用,这实际上就增强了消费者的购买力,解决了消费者的需求与实际购买力之间的矛盾,同时也就大大地刺激了消费者的购买欲望;另一方面,就出卖人而言,由于消费者购买力的增强,商品的销售量大大提高,出卖人也因此获得更大的经济效益。可见,分期付款买卖对买受人和出卖人双方皆有益处。消费者购买力的增强和销售者销售量的提高,必然会极大地促进市场的繁荣,从而促进整个社会经济的发展。分期付款买卖所具有的特殊的价值功能,使其区别于诸多其他类似的法律制度。实践中,许多人将分期付款买卖与附条件买卖、租买等混同,这是不正确的。 所谓买卖关系即买卖双方当事人在转移财产所有权和支付价金过程中所形成的民事法律关系。世界各国关于买卖法的立法形式不一。有的国家制定专门的货物买卖法予以规范,如英国、美国;有的国家在《合同法》及特别法如《拍卖法》、《证券交易法》、《不同产买卖法》中对买卖关系予以调整;大多数国家则是在《民法典》、商法典中予以规范。买卖法的主要内容是:买卖主体的法律规定多数国家的法律将买卖主体分为两类,一是一般主体,即凡具有民事行为能力的民事主体均可以作为买卖主体。另一种是特殊主体,即除了具备一般主体的条件外,还须具备法律规定的特别条件才能成为某些买卖关系的主体。如商人、中国的计划合同主体等。买卖客体的法律规定主要是根据买卖标的物的性质不同对之作出不同的法律规定,如对拍卖物范围的确定、对某些物品买卖的禁止或限制等。买卖内容的法律规定买卖关系权利、义务往往由双方当事人确定,但因为某些原因,国家法律也可以通过立法形式对之进行规定,如确定某些买卖行为的交货方式、付款方式、价格条款、违约责任条款、担保条款等。(4)关于合同要式制度、产品责任制度、违约赔偿制度、风险转移制度方面的法律规定。买卖法在其产生和发展的历史过程中逐步地形成了一些共同原则,这些原则主要是:(1)适用合同法的原则。买卖本质上是合同,因此有关合同法的一般原则都适用于买卖,所以当买卖发生纠纷时,如果专门的买卖法对争议问题没有专门的规定时,则应遵循合同法的一般原则。(2)买卖人意思自治的原则。意思自治原则是合同法的一个基本原则,对买卖法来讲,这个原则尤为重要,在买卖法上,应该尽量少采用强行规则。(3)尊重买卖习惯的原则。买卖习惯是人们在长期的交易活动中逐步形成的,为大家公认的和通用的买卖规则,它通常具有民间性、任择性、公认性和地区性。因此,当缺少某一方面的买卖法规定时,往往适用该国或该地的买卖习惯。(4)公平地保护买卖当事人财产利益的原则。公平买卖、童叟无欺是历来的买卖法则。买卖法也反对一切诈欺行为和一切不公平行为,并把显失公平合同作为得撤销的买卖合同。(5)促进交易安全和方便的原则。买卖法一方面通过建立多种制度和采取多种手段来保护交易安全,同时又尽量采取一切方法简化买卖程序促进买卖的发展。
littleCargod
60% a sum of money , there be depend on the buyer , whom be received the trial-production,afterwards send out by the way of T/T.30% a sum of money , there be depend on the buyer ,whom ought to the produser pass sth.on ,that be recieved all the mould . afterwards send out by the way of T/T.Besides , If cause the buyer owing to change the design so that unable to delivery on time , by the both sides decide through discussion .
crystal85k
You can translate it like this:你可以这样翻译:(A) The product of the contract price included VAT invoices. (B) the contract period, if the market prices of raw materials floating over 5%, the owner is entitled to the contract to make changes to the price of products, and changes in the prices of identified two weeks ago and B communication, whichever is ultimately confirmed in writing . If the price changes due unable to reach unanimous decision, the two sides may terminate the contract, but the contract must comply with the provisions on termination of the contract. (C) As Party A Party B to die for the development and production costs, not to Party A Party B in order End 300000 products, Party B shall not be any reason to terminate the contract. One, orders, delivery and acceptance: (1) B of each delivery orders must be in before the 10 days in writing by fax sent to the owner, the owner signatures in one day within Return prevail. (B) each of the place of delivery are _____ Party B in the factory, such as the place of delivery has changed, B must be notified in writing by fax by Party A, and signed by Party A, whichever is confirmed. (C) Party B in the cargo acceptance After that, the owner must sign the sealed delivery receipts, and, the owner will draw delivery receipts as a basis for settlement. Second, the settlement: (1) Party A in the same month of the 25th to the same month all the invoices and delivery orders receipt vouchers, and Party B in the month on the 25th will be all the money paid to the owner. (B) Party A designated bank account: Third, the contract termination clauses: (1) signing of this contract by the parties within one year after the effective, the two sides half-way without written confirmation they are not allowed to terminate the contract. (B) In the life of the contract, Party A Party B monthly storage for the production of the necessary raw materials and finished goods, Party A Party B obliged to purchase all the stock of goods (one month's stock up to 100,000) . (C) If both sides confirmed the termination of the contract period in the contract must be terminated before the 30 days in written form confirmed, and ordered to Party A Party B to B production for inventory and raw materials. (4) If the contract expires, and the two sides determined not to renew this contract, the contract must be made in due 60 days before in written form confirmed, and ordered to End Party A Party B to B inventory and raw material production. Four other agreed: (1) the outstanding issues of this contract, the two parties through consultation. (B) does contentious, the two sides should resolve to friendly consultation, by consensus, if consensus can not be reached, both sides agreed to arbitration to the two sides seat of the arbitration committee request for arbitration. (C) a duplicate of this contract, the two sides all hold one.