金门大桥英文单词

For almost two hundred years, the White House has stood as a symbol of the Presidency, the United States government, and the American people. Its history, and the history of the nation's capital, began when President George Washington signed an Act of Congress in December of 1790 declaring that the federal government would reside in a district "not exceeding ten miles square……on the river Potomac." President Washington, together with city planner Pierre L'Enfant, chose the site for the new residence, which is now 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. As preparations began for the new federal city, a competition was held to find a builder of the "President's House." Nine proposals were submitted, and Irish-born architect James Hoban won a gold medal for his practical and handsome design. Construction began when the first cornerstone was laid in October of 1792. Although President Washington oversaw the construction of the house, he never lived in it. It was not until 1800, when the White House was nearly completed, that its first residents, President John Adams and his wife, Abigail, moved in. Since that time, each President has made his own changes and additions. The White House is, nt's private home. It is also the only private residence of a head of state that is open to the public, free of charge. The White House has a unique and fascinating history. It survived a fire at the hands of the British in 1814 (during the war of 1812) and another fire in the West Wing in 1929, while Herbert Hoover was President. Throughout much of Harry S. Truman's presidency, the interior of the house, with the exception of the third floor, was completely gutted and renovated while the Trumans lived at Blair House, right across Pennsylvania Avenue. Nonetheless, the exterior stone walls are those first put in place when the White House was constructed two centuries ago. Presidents can express their individual style in how they decorate some parts of the house and in how they receive the public during their stay. Thomas Jefferson held the first Inaugural open house in 1805. Many of those who attended the swearing-in ceremony at the U.S. Capitol simply followed him home, where he greeted them in the Blue Room. President Jefferson also opened the house for public tours, and it has remained open, except during wartime, ever since. In addition, he welcomed visitors to annual receptions on New Year’s Day and on the Fourth of July. In 1829, a horde of 20,000 Inaugural callers forced President Andrew Jackson to flee to the safety of a hotel while, on the lawn, aides filled washtubs with orange juice and whiskey to lure the mob out of the mud-tracked White House. After Abraham Lincoln's presidency, Inaugural crowds became far too large for the White House to accommodate them comfortably. However, not until Grover Cleveland's first presidency did this unsafe practice change. He held a presidential review of the troops from a flag-draped grandstand built in front of the White House. This procession evolved into the official Inaugural parade we know today. Receptions on New Year's Day and the Fourth of July continued to be held until the early 1930s. President Clinton's open house on January 21, 1993 renewed a venerable White House Inaugural tradition. Two thousand citizens, selected by lottery, were greeted in the Diplomatic Reception Room by President and Mrs. Clinton and Vice President and Mrs. Gore.

金门大桥（英文：Golden Gate Bridge），峙于美国加利福尼亚州旧金山金门海峡之上，是世界著名的桥梁之一，也是近代桥梁工程的一项奇迹。

桥身全长1900多米的，历时4年，利用10万多吨钢材，由桥梁工程师约瑟夫·斯特劳斯（Joseph .Struss, 1870—1938年）设计。因其历史价值，英、美两国于2007年合拍同名纪录片。

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金门大桥是1937年开通的，全长约2.7千米，是世界上最大的单孔吊桥之一，被视为旧金山的象征。在淘金热的时候，这座桥如同是通往金矿的一扇大门，因此被命名为“金门大桥”。金门桥在桥梁建筑学上也是一个创举。

它只有两大支柱，因此它不是利用桥墩支撑桥身，而是利用桥两侧的弧形吊带产生的巨大拉力，把沉重的桥身高高吊起。金门桥的设计者是工程师史特劳斯。人们把他的铜像安放在桥畔，用以纪念他对美国做出的贡献。

如今，金门大桥是世界上无数桥梁中最繁忙的桥梁之一，每天都约有10万辆汽车从桥上驶过。