梦叶草2011
过去式的英文是past-tense缩写是pt,过去分词的英文是past-past-tense缩写是pp(tense的意思是时态),vt是指及物动词,vi不及物动词,adj指形容词缩写为a.adv指副词缩写为ad。
过去式(past tense)是英语语法的一种,表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词原形的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
一般动词直接加-ed,例如:look-looked;
以哑e结尾的动词直接加-d,例如:dance-danced;
辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加ed,例如:study-studied;
以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母加-ed,例如:skip-skipped;
内务府大总管
1.规则变化:一般在动词后面加ed,例如:paly-played以不发音的-e结尾的词加-d,例如:love-loved以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-ed,例如:study-studied末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed,例如:stop-stopped2.不规则变化词形不变,例如:cut-cut,hit-hit,let-let,put-put,set-set动词原形中间元音字母i变为a,例如:begin-begun,drink-drank需要死记硬背,例如:bring-brought,do-did,come-came
黄先生Simon
①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。如:wanted,played。②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ed。如:hoped,lived。③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed。如:stopped。④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-ed。如:studied,worried。规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住:清后[t],元浊[d],[t][d]之后读[id]。①清辅音[p][k][f][s][f][tf]等后,ed要读[t]。如:worked,finished。②元音或浊辅音[b][g][v][z][m]等后,ed要读[d]。如:lived,called。③[t]或[d]后,ed读[id]。如:started,needed。b.不规则动词变化be动词过去式有两种形式,主语是第一、三人称单数形式使用was,其他人称用were其他的大概有几类一、aaa型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形):costcostcostcutcutcutletletletputputputreadreadread二、abb型(过去式与过去分词同形):bringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtdigdugdugfeelfeltfeltfindfoundfoundgetgotgothavehadhadhearheardheardholdheldheldkeepkeptkept※learnlearntlearntleaveleftleftlendlentlentmakemademademeetmetmetpaypaidpaidsaysaidsaidsellsoldsoldsendsentsentshineshoneshonesitsatsatsleepsleptslept※smellsmeltsmeltspendspentspentstandstoodstoodteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughtunderstandunderstoodunderstood三、abc型(原形、过去式和过去分词各异):bewaswerebeenbeginbeganbegunblowblewblownbreakbrokebrokendodiddonedrawdrewdrawndrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenflyflewflownforgetforgotforgottengivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownknowknewknownlielaylainrideroderiddenringrangrungseesawseenshowshowedshownsingsangsungspeakspokespokenswimswamswumtaketooktakenthrowthrewthrownwakewokewokenwearworewornwritewrotewritten四、aba型(原形与过去分词同形):becomebecamebecomecomecamecome五、aab型(原形与过去式同形):beatbeatbeaten