英语语法从句讲解

1. 定语从句；2. 时间状语从句；3. 地点状语从句；4. 条件状语从句；5. 同位语从句；6. 表语从句；7. 宾语从句；8. 主语从句；名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）. 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略.That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：whether与if 均为"是否"的意思. 但在下列情况下whether 不能被if 取代：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not" Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句. That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。1）名词性that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气.宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去.表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他.同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安.形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴.2）That- 从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整个计划注定要失败.It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事.