虚拟语气表格英文

完整虚拟语气用法归纳如下：

1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句中的谓语用过去式（be用were)。

主句用would/could/might should+动词原形。

例：

If I had enough money, I would buy myself a computer.

我如果有足够的钱，会为自己买一台电脑。

If I were you, I would forgive Mary.

如果我是你，我就会原谅玛丽。

2. 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语过去式（be用were)/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语would/could/might/should do.

例：

If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.

我如果明天见到他，会邀请他到家里来。

If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way.

要是我来做这项工作，我会用另一种方法。

3. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句谓语should/would/could/might+have+过去分词，If 条件从句的谓语形式had+过去分词词。

例：

If we had had enough rain last year,we could have gained a good harvest.

如果去年雨水充足的话，我们可能会有一个好收成。

If the weather had been nice yesterday,we would have gone for a picnic.

如果昨天天气好的话，我们就去野餐了。

4. wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语形式虚拟情况：

与现在事实相反用：过去式（be用were)。

与过去事实相反had＋过去分词。

与将来事实相反would/ could/might＋动词原形。

例：

I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.

我希望我是一只鸟，可以在天空中自由地飞翔。

I wish(that)I had met that writer.

我希望遇到过那位作家。

I wish I could help him. 我希望我能帮助他。

5. would rather后的宾语从句用虚拟语气虚拟情况表示现在或将来的愿望，从句的谓语形式过去式( be用were),表示过去的愿望，用had＋过去分词。

例：

I would rather you came next Saturday.

我宁愿你下周六来。

I would rather you had taken the place of me.

我宁愿你顶替了我。

6. as if/as though 引导的虚拟语气：

as if/as though引导的虚拟语气谓语的形式与wish后的宾语从句的谓语形式一致。

例：

She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.

她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。

It seems as if it were spring already.

现在仿佛已是春天了。

（误区警示）如果与事实相符，as if/as though后的从句用陈述语气。

例：

It looks as if it is going to rain.

仿佛天要下雨。（马上就要下雨）

It seems as if the boy has lost his way.

这个男孩好像迷路了。

7. if only...句式用虚拟语气：

if only  意为“要是······就好了”，其后虚拟语气的用法与wish后的宾语从句的谓语形式一致。

例：

If only I were 20 years younger!

我要是年轻20岁该多好啊！（与现在事实相反）。

If only I had come to the party yesterday!

要是昨天我来参加聚会就好了！（与过去事实相反）。

If only I could fly to the moon one day.

要是有天我能飞上月球就好了。（与将来事实相反）。

虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。

通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

应用条件

在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。主要是英语语法的一种表达。

以上内容参考：百度百科-虚拟语气

1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：If you tried again ，you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。 (would表结果)If you tried again， you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。 (might表可能)If you tried again ，you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力)2、错综时间虚拟条件句 即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整：If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了。3、If虚拟条件句的否定（含蓄条件句） 常考两个句型：If it weren’t for…和If it hadn’t been for…，其意为“若不是(有)” “要不是”。如：If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow. 要是没有水植物就无法生长。If it hadn’t been for your assistance ，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=But for your assistance ，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=Without your assistance ，we wouldn’t have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助，我们不会成功的。4、If虚拟条件句的倒装形式，即把were, had, should置于句首。例：Were I in school again (= If I were in school again), I would work harder.如果我能再上一次学，我会学习得更努力。Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)如果你问我，我会告诉你。