轻松英语比较级

比较级 ◎比较级 [汉语拼音]bǐjiàojí [英文]comparative degree [解释]在英语中通常用下列方式表示的词:在形容词或副词前加more(如 more natural,more clearly ),或加后缀 -er(newer,sooner )。典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加 A. “比较级+ and +比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”. It is getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽。 The wind became more and more heavily. 风变得越来越大。 B. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。 The more money you make, the more you spend. 钱你赚得越多，花得越多。 The sooner，the better. 越快越好。 C. 表示倍数的比较级用法： a. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B. The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高) b. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍) c. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B. Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1) 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest 末尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾和以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) nicer nicest ，able（有能力的) abler ablest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big(大的) bigger biggest hot热的) hotter hottest "以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词改y为i，再加 -er，-est easy(容易的) easier easiest ，busy(忙的) busier busiest 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-est clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest 其他双音节词和 important(重要的) 多音节词，在前 more important 面加more，most most important 来构成比较级和 easily(容易地) 最高级。 more easily most easily 2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ better best well(健康的) bad (坏的)/ worse worst ill(有病的) old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 比较级形容词或副词 + than You are taller than I am./ You are taller than me. The lights in your room are as bright as those in mine. 注意： 1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 可修饰比较级的词 1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等 2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 3）以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 典型例题: 1） ---- Are you feeling ____? ---- Yes，I'm fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better 答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better. 2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。 3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案：D。 比较级和最高级一般都要一起讲吧 the + 最高级 + 比较范围 1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意： a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent. 3) 句型转换： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class. 4) "否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。 Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing. 英语形容词的比较级、最高级用法解析：）~~ 一：单音节或部分双音节的词的比较级最高级的变法: 1.一般情况下直接加er或est. 如:short→shorter→shortest 2.以字母e结尾的形容词和副词加r或st 如:nice→nicer→nicest 3.以辅音字母y结尾的Y改为I加er,est 如:happy→happier→happiest 4.重读闭音节结尾的双写结尾辅音字母加er或est 如:fat→fatter→fattest 5.特殊形式 good/well→better→best many/much→more→most ill/bad(badly)→worse→worst little→less→least old(eld)→older→oldest(elder/eldest) far→farther→farthest(further/furthest) 多音节的形容词和副词的比较级.最高级.:比较级在形容词.副词前面加more,最高级在形容词.副词前面加most. 如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful (而且在句子中,形容词最高级前必须加the.) 二：形容词加ly变成的副词的比较级和最高级用more或most. 如:showly,happily 由动词的过去分词形式的形容词:用more或most表示比较级和最高级. 如:tired→more tired→most tired 语法-轻松英语-洪恩在线,这里面有分类的详细介绍，可以看看：）~~ 英语语法专区，各个语法点：）~ little-less-least, many\much-more-most, well\good-better- best bad-worse-worst, far-rarther\further-farthest\furthest, difficult-more difficult-the most difficult, 不规则动词表 不定式(Infinitive) 过去式(Past Tense) 过去分词(Past Participle) abide 居住 abode, abided abode, abided alight 下车 alighted, alit alighted, alit awake 唤醒 awoke awoke, awaked be 是 was, were been bear 忍受 bore borne, born beat 击打 beat beaten become 变成 became become befall 发生 befell befallen beget 引起 begot begotten, begot begin 开始 began begun behold 注意看 beheld beheld bend 鞠躬 bent bent bereave 剥夺 bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft beseech 乞求 besought, beseeched besought, beseeched beset 围攻 beset beset bespeak 预约 bespoke bespoken, bespoke bespread 铺盖 bespread bespread bestrew 散放 bestrewed bestrewed, bestrewn bestride 跨坐 bestrode bestridden, bestrid, bestrode bet 打赌 bet, betted bet, betted betake 前往 betook betaken bethink 想起 bethought bethought bid 出价 bade, bid bidden, bid bide 忍受 bode, bided bided bind 绑 bound bound bite 咬 bit bitten, bit bleed 流血 bled bled blend 混合 blended, blent blended, blent bless 祝福 blessed, blest blessed, blest blow 吹 blew blown break 断开 broke broken breed 产生 bred bred bring 带来 brought brought broadcast 广播 broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted browbeat 严斥 browbeat browbeaten build 建筑 built built burn 燃烧 burnt, burned burnt, burned burst 爆炸 burst burst buy 买 bought bought can 能 could - cast 铸造 cast cast catch 抓住 caught caught chide 责骂 chid, chided chid, chidden, chided choose 选择 chose chosen cleave: 分裂 打通 cleaved, cleft, clove clave cleaved, cleft cloven cling 粘附 clung clung clothe 穿衣 clothed, clad clothed, clad come 来 came come cost 价值 cost cost creep 爬行 crept crept crow 报晓 crowed, crew crowed cut 切 cut cut dare 敢 dared, durst dared deal 处理 dealt dealt dig 挖洞 dug dug dispread 扩散 dispread dispread do 做 did done draw 画 drew drawn dream 做梦 dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt drink 喝 drank drunk drive 驾车 drove driven dwell 细想 dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled eat 吃 ate eaten fall 落下 fell fallen feed 喂 fed fed feel 感觉 felt felt fight 打架 fought fought find 找寻 found found flee 逃跑 fled fled fling 派出 flung flung fly: 飞 逃逸 击飞 flew fled flied flown fled flied 反身代词 反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。它的基本含义是：通过反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性、数上保持一致。 如： （1）A marked bee fed itself from the dish and returned to the hive. 一只做了标记的蜜蜂从盘中喂饱自己以后就飞回蜂箱了（itself 与 bee 在人称、性、数上保持一致） （2）In 1955 Walt Disney himself opened the first Disney park. 1955年，沃尔特.迪斯尼亲自创办了第一个迪斯尼公园。（himself 与 Walt Disney 在人称、性、数上保持一致） 反身代词和人称代词作宾语时具有不同的含义。 如： （3）He saw himself in the mirror. 他在镜子里看见了他自己。（himself 和 he 为同一人） （4）He saw him in the mirror. 他在镜子里看见了他。（him 显然指另外一人） [编辑本段]常见的反身代词列表： I--myself you-- yourself your-- yourselves she--herself he himself we they it one ourselves themselves itself oneself [编辑本段]用法 1）做宾语 a. 有些动词需有反身代词 absent, bath, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。 Please help yourself to some fish. 请你随便吃点鱼。 b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词 take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth. I could not dress (myself) up at that time. 那个时候我不能打扮我自己。 注：有些动词后不跟反身代词， get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。 Please sit down. 请坐。 2） 作表语； 同位语 be oneself: I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。 The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。 3） 在不强调的情况下，but, except, for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。如： No one but myself (me) is hurt. [编辑本段]注意： a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。 (错) Myself drove the car. (对) I myself drove the car. 我自己开车。 b. 但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself 作主语。 Charles and myself saw it. 5）第二人称作宾语，要用反身代词。 You should be proud of yourself. 你应为自己感到骄傲。 myself-第一人称单数，我自己 ourselves-第一人称复数，我们自己 yourself-第二人称单数，你自己 yourselves-第二人称复数，你们自己 himself/herself/itself-第三人称单数，他/她/它自己 1） 列表 数 单数 复数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一 人称 第二人称 第三人称 人称代词 I you he/she/it we you they 反身代词 myself yourself yourself/herself/himself ourselves yourselves themselves 另外：one的反身代词为oneself 2）做宾语 a. 有些动词需有反身代词，如absent， bathe， amuse， blame， dry， cut， enjoy， hurt， introduce， behave等。例如： We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。 Please help yourself to some fish. 请你随便吃点鱼。 b. 用于及物动词+宾语+介词，如take pride in， be annoyed with， help oneself to sth等。例如： I could not dress（myself）up at that time. 那个时候我不能打扮我自己。 注：有些动词后不跟反身代词，如：get up， sit-down， stand up， wake up等。例如： Please sit down. 请坐。 3） 用作表语，如结构be oneself.例如： I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。 4） 用作同位语 The thing itself is not important. 事情本身并不重要。 5） 在不强调的情况下，but， except， for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。如：No one but myself（me）is hurt. 注意： a. 反身代词本身不能单独作主语。 （错） Myself drove the car. （对） I myself drove the car. 我自己开车。 b. 但在and， or， nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself 作主语。例如： Charles and myself saw it. 查尔斯和我看见了这件事。 D．反身代词 定义 人称代词的宾格或所有格词尾加“-self，-selves”的代词称为反身代词（Reflexive Pronoun），亦称复合人称代词（Compound Personal Pronoun）。 反身代词的用法 （1）反身用法：及物动词的宾语即为主语本身的用法叫作反身用法。 例A：The old man killed himself last night. （那个老人昨夜自杀了。） 例B：We enjoyed ourselves very much at the party last night. （昨夜我们在宴会中过得很愉快。） 例C：Help yourselves，please. （请各位不要客气。） 解说 如各例句所示，各反身代词都是指其主语本身。这种用法有些已成为惯用表达法（例B），例如： 例：He absented himself from school this morning. （他今天早晨缺席，没有到学校。） 例：She seated herself by the window. （她拣了窗边的一个座位坐下来。） 例：I was late this morning because I overslept myself. （今天早晨我迟到是因为我睡过头了。） 例：Don't overeat yourself，or you'll get sick. （不要暴食，否则你会生病的） 例：They dressed themselves up quickly and left the house. （他们匆匆地穿好衣服后就出去了。） （2）作介词的宾语用：也是属于反身用法。 例A：The door opened of itself. （门自动地开了。） 例B：I like to travel by myself. （我喜欢独自旅行。） 例C：She was beside herself with grief. （她悲伤过度，神经失常了。） 解说 例A的“of itself”是表示无外力干予，即“自动”的意思。例B的“by myself”是表示无外人参加，即“独自”的意思。例C的“beside herself”是表示脱离她本来的自我，即“失常，发疯”的意思。 （3）表达强调 例：I myself heard him say so yesterday. （我昨天亲自听他这么说的。） 例：she did it herself．（=She herself did it．） （她自己做的。） 例：The story itself is not interesting. （故事本身并不令人感到有趣