梦朦胧6620
and that from the verb δ.The o most familiar interpretations of dragons are either European dragons, derived from various European folk traditions. However, the unifying feature of almost all interpretations is it being a serpentine or otherwise reptilian monster, and often possessing magical or spiritual qualities;a serpent of huge size, a python, a dragon"Dragons are mysterious, snake-like animals which are described in Chinese myths.The physical description and supposed abilities of the creature vary immensely according to the different cultures in which it appears？？ρκομαι"to see clearly"？？κων， ".The word "dragon" derives from Greek δρ， or unrelated Oriental dragons, derived from the Chinese dragon。
Key to Composition
Mrs. Stone had spent the whole morning picking blackberries in the countryside near her home. It was nearly lunch time, so she decided to return for lunch. She was just picking up her basket when she heard a noise in the bushes. Then she saw an animal which looked like a cat. She knew it was not a cat because it was so large. The animal suddenly turned round to look at her and she thought it was going to e towards her and perhaps attack her. She dropped her basket and screamed loudly. Hearing the sound, the animal disappeared into the bushes, after which Mrs. Stone picked up her basket and ran all the way home.She told her neighbours that she had seen a puma in the countryside, but they did not believe her. She also telephoned the police but they didn't believe her either. (148 words)
Lesson 64 The Channel Tunnel海峡隧道 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why was the first tunnel not pleted? In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a enty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-o years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been pleted. The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel. It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.New words and expressions 生词和短语 tunnel n. 隧道port n. 港口ventilate v. 通风chimney n. 烟囱sea level 海平面double adj. 双的ventilation n. 通风fear v. 害怕invasion n. 入侵，侵略officially adv. 正式地connect v. 连接European adj. 欧洲的continent n. 大陆参考译文 1858年，一位名叫埃梅.托梅.德.干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海陕的隧道计划到了英国。他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台，这座平台将用作码头和火车站。
如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好的通风条件。1860年，一位名叫威廉.洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。
他提议建一条双轨隧道，这样就解决了通风问题。因为如果有列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。
42年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早已建成了。
世界不得不再等将近100年才看到海峡隧道竣工。它于1994年3月7日正式开通，将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。
新概念3的第12课 Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island.We sometimes imagine a desert island to be a sort of paradise where the sun always shines.Life there is simple and good.Ripe fruit falls from the trees and you never have to work.The other side of the picture is quite the opposite.Life on a desert island is wretched.You either starve to death or live like Robinson Crusoe,Waiting for a boat which never es.Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures,but few us have had the opportunity to find out.Two men who recently spent five days on a coral island wished they had stayed there longer.They were taking a badly damaged boat from the Virgin Islands to Miami to have it repaired.During the journey,their boat began to sink.They quickly loaded a *** all rubber dinghy with food,matches,and cans of beer and rowed for a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island.There were hardly any trees on the island and there was no water,but this did not prove to be a problem.The men collected rainwater in the rubber dinghy.As they had brought a spear gun with them,they had plenty to eat.They caught lobster and fish every day,and,as one of them put it 'ate like kings'.When a passing tanker rescued them five days later,both men were genuinely sorry that they had to leave.第四册的Chickens slaughtered in the United States,claim officials in Brussels,are not fit to grace European tables.No,say the American:our fowl are fine,we simply clean them in a different way.These days,it is differences in national regulations,far more than tariffs,that put sand in the wheels of trade beeen rich countries.It is not just farmers who are plaining.An electric razor that meets the European Union's safety standards must be approved by American testers before it can be sold in the United States,and an American-made dialysis machine needs the EU's okay before is hits the market in Europe.As it happens,a razor that is safe in Europe is unlikely to electrocute Americans.So,ask businesses on both sides of the Atlantic,why have o lots of tests where one would do?Politicians agree,in principle,so America and the EU have been trying to reach a deal which would eliminate the need to double-test many products.They hope to finish in time for a trade summit beeen America and the EU on May 28TH.Although negotiators are optimistic,the details are plex enough that they may be hard-pressed to get a deal at all.Why?One difficulty is to construct the agreements.The Americans would happily reach one accord on standards for medical devices and them hammer out different pacts covering,say,electronic goods and drug manufacturing.The EU -- following fine continental traditions -- wants agreement on general principles,which could be applied to many types of products and perhaps extended to other countries.From:The Economist,May 24th,1997。
Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of being white-collar workers。
不过他觉得。Every morning，损失点儿钱也值得。
From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ', people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。People who work in offices are frequently referred to as 'white-collar workers'，当8个小时清洁工。
Before returning home at night，艾尔弗一直这样；Alf' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫.不久就要坐在办公室里工作了。He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半，系着领带去上班；s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will.因为艾尔弗已找到新职，He will soon be working in an office，艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，for Alf has just found another job，地位升高了.许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣。
When he got married，此乃人之常情。This can give rise to curious situations。
He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation，感到非常难为情.他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班，他的同事也为他保守秘密， He took a shower and changed back into his suit.晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服.两年多以来， as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Elle *** ere Corporation.而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德.布洛斯就是一个例子。Alf did this for over o years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret .每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班.然后换上工作服， Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.艾尔弗结婚时，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子， not ', he left home dressed in a *** art black suit？为什么阿尔弗想要得到一个白领工作？These days。
Alf'.布洛格斯的双重生活Listen to the tape then answer the question below.听录音，然后回答以下问题Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs阿尔弗雷德；Mr. Bloggs'。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了；.从此。
Why did Alf want a white-collar job，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。
Thejournalist immediately set out to get the facts after receiving instructions from his editor, but he did not send them at once. The editor was getting impatient, so he sent three faxes and threatened that the journalist would be fired if he did not reply soon. The last fax was not answered as well. The artical was printed in its original form. The journalist sent a fax a week later. He was imprisoned because he was caught counting the steps.。
Flying cats Cats never fail to fascinate human beings.They can be friendly and affectionate towards humans,but they lead mysterious lives of their own as well.They never bee submissive like dogs and horses.As a result,humans have learned to respect feline independence.Most cats remain suspicious of humans all their lives.One of the things that fascinates us most about cats is the popular belief that they have nine lives.Apparently,there is a good deal of truth in this idea.A cat's ability to survive falls is based on fact. Recently the New York Animal Medical Centre made a study of 132 cats over a period of five months.All these cats had one experience in mon:they had fallen off high buildings,yet only eight of them died from shock of injuries.Of course,New York is the ideal place for such an interesting study,because there is no shortage of tall buildings.There are plenty of high-rise windowsills to fall from!One cat,Sabrina,fell 32 stories,yet only suffered from a broken tooth.'Cats behave like well-trained paratroopers,'a doctor said.It seems that the further cats fall,the less they are likely to injure themselves.In a long drop,they reach speeds of 60 miles an hour and more.At high speeds,falling cats have time to relax.They stretch out their legs like flying squirrels.This increases their air-resistance and reduces the shock of impact when they hit the ground.。
只爱小火锅
如何学习新概念第三册？
第一步，学习每课的单词。
第二步，听录音，回答课本的问题。
第三步，跟着录音模仿并理解每个句子。模仿过程中要注意语音、语调、连读、弱读等。每课书至少跟读两次以上。跟读完后自己再读每个句子，可以用复读机或手机录下自己的发音，读得不好，继续跟读。
第四步，回答课本里Summary writing 部分的问题，最好用完整的句子回答，可以培养孩子转述答案的能力。这些问题有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，要注意不同句式的回答方式。
例如答案1:The writer went to the cinema last week.这里很多小孩会用“go”而不是“went ”。答案2:He enjoyed the play.答案3:A young man and a young woman were sitting behind him.答案4:They were talking loudly.
第五步，根据关键词复述文章。通过复述可以加强学生对文章的理解，强化句型、短语和语法的运用。
第六步，不看课本，跟着录音复述课文。
最后，跟着课本中文翻译默写英文。
参考资料：需要新概念第三册资源的点击这里：【免费领取】备注百度自行领取。
假小肥仔
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，产于美洲。当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。 搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”，离她仅5码远，她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮非被逼得走投无路，是决不会伤人的。事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。无论它走哪儿，一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物，在许多地方看见爪印，灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼，看见那只美洲狮在树上。专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪儿来的呢？由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。搜寻工作进行了好几个星期，但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担心。◆spot /spɑt/v. 看出 发现pick out, see, recognize, catch sight of n.斑点：There is a black spot on your shirt. on the spot 立刻 马上= at once, immediately [不正式的说法] 在现场at the place of the action spot = see 强调结果 辨别出 看见 识别 发现 find 强调发现的结果 find out 查出事实真相 discover 做出重大发现 notice 注意到 observe ：观察 watch 观察活动中的人或画面 recognize短暂认出 confirm确认 detect 侦察 check in/out 检查 look into调查 = investigate identify 确认 UFO- Unidentified Flying Object ◆evidence /'evɪdəns/n.证据 证明 物证 [不可数] =proof in evidence 显而易见的 显眼 引人注目的 He was in evidence at the party. evident /'evɪdənt/ adj.清楚的 显而易见的 显然的 evidently /evɪdəntli/ adv.显而易见 显然地 证据确凿地 cumulate /'kjuːmjʊleɪt/ v. 堆积 adj. 累积的 堆积的 cumulation /kjʊmjʊ'leʃən/ n.积累 蓄积 堆积 cumulative /'kjumjələtɪv/ adj.渐增的 积累的 累积性 cumulatively /k'jumjʊleɪtɪvlɪ/ adv.累计地 累积地 ◆accumulate /e'kju:mjuleit/ v. 积累 积聚[强调积累的过程] accumulative /ə'kjumjə.leɪtɪv/ adj. 累计 积累的 累积性的 accumulation /ə.kjumjə'leɪʃ(ə)n/ n.积累 累积物 积聚 堆积 gather /'ɡæðər/ vt.聚集 把某人召集在某处 collect /kə'lekt/ v.收集 采集Do you collect stamps? assemble /ə'semb(ə)l/ v. 集合 集会 装配 组装 hoard /hɔrd/ v.囤积 贮藏 大量顾贮存= store up amass /ə'mæs/ v.积聚[主要用在诗歌和文学作品]= come together ◆cling-clung-clung /klɪŋ/ v. 粘 附着 依附 : hold tightly stick /stɪk/ 粘住 stick the envelop stick to 坚持stick to one's promise/word ; sticky /'stɪki/ adj.粘的 闷热的 ◆hunt /hʌnt/n. 追猎 寻找 v. 打猎 搜寻 追捕 hunter /'hʌntər/ n.猎人 狩猎者 manhunt n.搜捕 搜索 追捕 witch-hunt 以莫须有罪名进行的政治迫害[搜捕女巫] The last time a Democrat sat in the White House, he faced a nonstop witch hunt by his political opponents. 上次民主党人入主白宫时，面临政治对手无休无止的迫害。 hunt for 追猎 搜寻 hunt down 搜寻 寻找 穷追到底 run after :强调追赶 追求:What are you running after in your life? seek 寻觅追寻= pursue 比较正式 比较美的词汇（抽象）追求 chase 追赶：They are chasing the thief. search 搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物 go for 喜欢 go after追求 ◆ corner /'kɔrnər/ n.角落 拐角 街角 v.走投无路 逼…入绝境 拐弯 at the corner of the street in the corner of the room on the corner of the desk. cut corners 走捷径 抄近路 ◆trail /'treil/n. 一串 一系列 v.跟踪 追踪 = follow trailer /'treɪlər/ n.挂车 拖车 电影预告片 trial /'traɪəl/ v.试验；试用 n.审判 试用 考验 ◆convince vt.使...信服：convince sb. of sth. +宾语从句that搭配使用; 没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构: be convinced of/that convincible/kən'vɪnsɪbəl/ adj.可信服的 可被说服的 convincing /kən'vɪnsɪŋ/ adj.令人信服的 有说服力的 convincingly /kənˈvɪnsɪŋlɪ/ adv.有说服力地 让人信服地 invincible / ɪn'vɪnsəb(ə)l/ adj.不可战胜的 所向披靡 invincibility /ɪnˌvɪnsə'bɪləti/ n.无敌 ◆puma /'pjumə/n. 美洲狮 ◆print /print/n. 印痕 v.打印 印刷 printer n.打印机 印刷商 imprint /ɪm'prɪnt/ n.压印 印记 痕迹 v.压印 产生重大影响 使铭记 ◆somehow /'sʌmhaʊ/ adv. 不知怎么搞地不 不知为什么 somewhat /'sʌmwɑt/ adv.有点 稍微 有几分 someway / 'sʌm.weɪ/ adv.以某种方法 以某种方式 设法 berry /'beri/ n.浆果 莓 strawberry /ˈstrɔˌberi/ n.草莓 straw /strɔ/ n.吸管 稻草 麦杆 ◆blackberry /'blæk.beri/ n. 黑莓 human /'hjumən/ n. 人 adj.人本性的 有人情味的 humanity /hju'mænəti/ n.博爱 人性 人类 人道 仁慈 humane /hju'meɪn/ adj.人道的 善良的 仁慈的 inhumane /ɪnhju'meɪn/ adj.残忍的 不人道的 无动于衷的 inhumanity /ɪnhju'mænəti/ n.非人道 不人道 残酷的行为 humanism /'hjumə.nɪzəm/ n.人道主义 人文精神 humanist /'hju:mənɪst/ n.人道主义者 humanistic /hjuːmə'nɪstɪk/ adj.人道主义的 人文主义的 humanitarian /hju.mænɪ'teriən/ n.慈善家 人道主义者 humanize /'hjumə.naɪz/ v.使更适合人 使更人道 humankind /hjumən'kaɪnd/ n.[统称]人 人类 = human race ◆human being /'hjumən 'biːɪŋ / n.人类 human capital 人力资本 人力资源 HR human resource 人力资源 人事部 human rights 人权 human nature 人性 human race 人类 人类种族 ◆oblige /ə'blaɪdʒ/ v.使...感到必须 效劳 迫使 oblige to 强迫 feel obliged to do sth:感觉有必要做某事； I feel obliged to say no to his demand. be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事 = be forced to do sth. obligate /'ɒblɪgeɪt/ v. 强制 使负义务adj.强制性的 有责任的 obligation /ɑblɪ'ɡeɪʃ(ə)n/ n.义务 责任 职责 obligatory /ə'blɪɡə.tɔri/ adj.义务的 强制性的 义不容辞的 mandatory /'mændə.tɔri/ adj.强制的 法定的 义务的 mandatory attendance 强制出勤[义务教育上的强制上课] ◆disturb /dɪ'stɜrb/ v. 令人不安 打扰 干扰 弄乱 disturbance /dɪ'stɜrbəns/ n.干扰 障碍 紊乱 骚乱 disturb v. cause sb to be worried/upset/anxious disturbing adj.令人不安的 disturbed adj.感到不安的 ◆at large :逃遁的，没有被控制的= on the loose 详细的 (in detail ): I need talk to you at large . 总体来讲(as a whole ) = in general大体上 The students at large are hungry for English. ◆ possess /possess/ v.拥有 控制 占有 支配 具备 possession /pə'zeʃ(ə)n/ n.拥有 具有 属地 个人财产 in the possession of sb.为...所有=in sb's possession ; in possession of sth.拥有某物 take possession of拥有 possessive /pə'zesɪv/ adj.占有欲强的 不愿分享的 n.所有格英语从句主要有定语从句，状语从句和名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句） ●状语从句 ◆原因:because, since, now that（既然,as, for, this reason... ◆结果:so that, so, therefore, consequently, so as to, as a result ◆时间：after, before, when, while, as, until, as soon as, since, by the time, once, lately, presently, shortly after, currently, at present, nowadays... ◆条件：if, only if., once, unless, in the event (that), in case (that), provided that, on the condition that, etc. ◆让步：though, although, even though(if), no matter what/ how/when→ whatever/however / whenever... ◆ 目的：in order that, in order to, to, ◆ 比较：than, as ... as, by comparison（相比较），by contrast（相对照）... ●名词性从句- 通常由 that或疑问词导出。 How some mammals came to live in the sea is not know. （主语从句） The attorney told his client that they had little chance of winning the case.（宾语从句） The problem is what we'll do next.（表语从句） We have no idea that he has come back.（同位语从句） ●同位语（Appositive）: 同位语是英语语法的重点内容，也是各类考试中的一个考点，同时，在写作中正确运用同位语可以使你的句型更加简洁得体。 When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. 在这里，a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London就是同位语从句，它本来应该放在 “reports”后面，这里却被放在了谓语成分 came into London zoo的后面，目的是让句型显得更为稳重。 ◆同位语从句，就是对某些名词做进一步的解释的句子。 I was greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday. （that 引导的句子解释了news的内容，注意：that不做任何成分） We have to face the fact that the weather is unexpectedly bad. （that 引导的句子解释了fact的内容） ★同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容 关系词用that而不是which 时间- when 地点-where An idea came to me that I might do the experiment in another way. I have no diea what has happened to him. ★能接同位词从句的名词有：belief 信仰 , fact, idea, doubt, rumor 谣言, evidence证据, conclusion结论, suggestion建议, problem, order, answer, discovery发 现, explanation解释, principle原则, possibility可能性, truth, promise承诺, report报告, statement声明, knowledge知识, opinion 观点, likelihood 可能性, reason, advice... ◆ 同位语一般由that引导，但也可以用关系代词which, who, what和关系副词when, where, why, how或 whether 引导。 There arouse the question whether we could win the game. I have no idea howto explain it. ◆ 一些介词词组后面也能引导同位语从句: on the assumption在...前提下 on the ground由于...原因 on the condition that在...条件下 with the exception有...例外 owing to the fact由于...事实 on the understanding基于...理解 The young lady promised to marry the old man on the condition that he bought her a villa. 那位年轻的女士答应嫁给那位老头，条件是他给她买一幢别墅。 ●分隔式同位语从句 ◆为了使句型平衡不至于头重脚轻，有时同位语从句可以放到句子的末尾，（读两遍此定义，然后看倒句：） An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask more information about the matter. I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie "Titanic". ◆同位语从句与定语从句之区别 定语从句的引导词 that 或 which在句子中用作主语或宾语，而同位语从句的引导词that只起连接主句和从句之作用，不用作任何成分。 I've got an answer that A is right. (同位语从句，that 不做成分) I've got an answer that surprised me a lot.（定语从句，that做定语从句的主语） ●可以充当同位语的词组或短语。 ◆名词短语。（使句型更为简洁） Bill Clinton, the president of America, came to China to pay an official visit in 1998. Lu Xun, one of the greatest essayists in China, played an overwhelmingly important role in Chinese literature history. ◆动名词词组亦可用作同位语：别忘了加逗号。（使句型更为流畅） I'm crazy about the game, playing baseball. Going to concert, that sounds a great idea. ◆不定式短语。（陌生只是掌握的开始） The problem what to do next remains unsolved. Her claim to have finished his work is nothing but a white lie. ◆形容词词组。（有逗号隔开） All the workers, young or old, should be treated equally. Young man, short or tall, should have the right to take the opportunity. ●同位语的引导词。（重要！这是中高级写作中不可缺少的引导成分） 引导词用来表示同位语与它所说明的同位成分之间的关系： ◆namely, that it is, that is to say（也就是说）, in other words（换句话说), or, for short 表示等同关系。 ◆such as, say, so to speak（譬如说）, including（包括）, for instance（或 for example (e.g./eg),表示举例和列举关系。 ◆especially, mostly, chiefly, or better, in particular, particularly表示突出重点, (在高难度阅读中表示后面的部分为更重要或更突出的部分，是出题的关键点。) ★一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面,但为了保持句子的平衡,也可以把谓语动词放在从句之前； 定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明，修饰； ● 指人：主语: who 宾语: who/whom 定语：whose The teacher who teaches us is a man. The teacher teaches Tom whose father is a doctor. ● 表达事物：that (也可指人） which This is an apple that/which is from China. ● 时态状语：when At the time when I arrived, He was about to leave. ● 地点状语：where This is the school Where I learned English. ● 原因状语：why That's why I don't want to go out. 定语从句中which以及指代人的宾语的whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略；省略时,介词不能前置到关系代词whom, which前,只能用于非固定的动词短语后面; 介词不能前置: look at 注视 look for 寻找 介词可以前置: live in居住 This is the old house in which he lived; This is the old house he lived in. This is the paper on which I learned the news. He came home with a book on which he drew a bird. He went to the garden again at where he picked some apples. He arrived at the time when I was very busy. The found a cave in which gold was found. She gets a new teacher from whom she learns English. She finished her homework with whom was her teacher. The news on which a man was at large proved to be fake. #非谓语动词#所有的非谓语动词前+ not,构成它的否定形式 ●to do: 一般式主动 to do 一般式被动to be done 完成式主动 to have done 完成式被动 to have been done ●现在分词doing: 一般式主动doing 一般式被动being done 完成式主动 having done 完成式被动 having been done ●过去分词done: 完成式主动 having done 完成式被动 having been doneThe reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London were similar in nature.A woman picking blackberries saw it first , but the puma moved from place to place ,leaving a trail of dead deer and small animals.Paw prints and puma fur were found as well ." cat-like noises" were heard at night and the animal was seen up a tree. Now experts were convinced that the animal really was a puma.Mrs. Stone had spent the whole morning picking blackberries in the countryside near her home.It was nearly lunch time, so she decided to return home for lunch. She was just picking up her basket when she heard a noise in the bushes.Then she saw an animal which looked like a cat. She knew it was not a cat because it was so large.The animal suddenly turned round to look at her and she thought it was going to come towards her and perhaps attack her. She dropped her basket and screamed loudly. Hearing the sound, the animal disappeared into the bishes, after which Mrs. Stone picked up her basket and ran all the way home. She told the neighbours that she had seen a puma in the countryside, but they did not believe her. She also telephoned the police but they did not believe her either.
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