xiaotian0001
1957年3月30日,苏州市文物局正在如火如荼地抢修虎丘塔文物,工人们在第2层塔心处突然发现一暗格,内藏大量经箱文物,后又在第3、4层发现大量文物,最珍贵的是一件越窖青瓷莲花碗。此文物一出土,立即引发考古界高度重视。专家认为这件青瓷碗,艺术价值和历史价值,堪称国家级文物!
1995年,上海举行国际秘色瓷研讨会,来自各地的秘色瓷精品齐聚上海,越窑青瓷莲花碗,由专家鉴定为五代越窑青瓷之典范,是秘色瓷中的稀世珍品。而后这件文物由苏州博物馆收藏并展出,给了我们一睹国宝的良机。
我们来欣赏一下这件国宝~~
越窑青瓷莲花碗,由碗和盏托两部分组成,碗高8.9厘米,口径13.9厘米;盏托高6.6厘米,口径14.9厘米;整个碗底径9.3厘米,通高13.5厘米。
此碗是越窖青瓷的代表之作,可称得上秘色瓷的稀世精品,造型精美绝伦,颜色出类拔萃。作为女性朋友来讲,估计更为喜爱。
从莲花碗的外部造型看,直口深腹,碗壁有3层莲花浮雕;盏托形如豆器,上面是一个翻口盘,盘上雕刻了2层双钩仰莲;下部有内外撇圈足,圈足上用2组浮雕覆莲作为装饰。
整个碗的瓷胎呈灰白色,共由7组莲花组成,莲花形态各异。
此碗之所以为秘色瓷的精品,在于:胎质细腻致密,瓷质颗粒纯净,托心平整。瓷底正中有一小圆孔,孔边刻有“项记”2字,专家推测是窖工的名号标记。
最让人感受到身心愉悦的是:碗的釉色。碗的外层施有青秞,秞层厚重而且通体一致,看上去光洁如玉、清澈碧绿,好象宁静的湖水一般。
从总体来看,整个莲花碗,釉色油润含蓄,线条流畅,比例适度,给人以美玉般的柔和。整体整肃巧妙,外雕的大瓣莲花,给人清新脱俗、纤尘不染之感;再施之以青色,更显端庄华美、玉洁清新。
通体看上去,恰似一朵盛开的莲花,构思巧妙,浑身天成。既有小家碧玉般的清新活泼,又有大家闺秀般的敦厚端庄,让人情不自禁地赞叹它的美。
唐朝著名诗人陆龟蒙曾以诗《秘色越器》赞之:
“九秋风露越窑开,夺得千峰翠色来。好向中宵盛沆瀣,共嵇中散斗遗杯”。
“秘色”一词即源于此诗,诗中提到秘色瓷颜色青翠,如同美玉一样,其浇制过程复杂,因而又十分难得。
关于越窑的情况,我们了解下。五代时期,越窑只烧制供奉瓷器,平民不得使用,而相关的技术工艺也是保密的,因而后人无法了解到更多信息,以致秘色瓷几乎就成为了绝响,显得愈发神秘。
秘色瓷莲花碗的出土,为秘色瓷的研究提供了宝贵信息,揭开了虎丘塔埋藏千年的秘密,同时为我们展示了五代十国时期的瓷器文化,具有相当高的艺术价值和历史研究价值。
1995年后,越窑青瓷莲花碗,正式改名为秘色瓷莲花碗。由此,莲花碗被确定属于秘色瓷,专家的证据,就是来自陕西省法门市地宫里的秘色瓷。
1987年,考古人员对陕西省法门市地宫就进行过大规模发掘,当时出土了很多佛教文物,秘色瓷器物正是五代以业供奉佛祖的宫廷瓷器。
而苏州博物院收藏的青瓷莲花碗从质地、釉色上都与秘色瓷极其相追念,最终鉴定为五代秘色瓷。
莲花碗的出土与鉴定,证实秘色实工艺在中国五代就已登峰造极,现今全世界秘色瓷器皿据说不足30件,任何一件都是举世罕见的珍品,而秘色瓷莲花碗又是珍品中的翘楚。
秘色瓷莲花碗是佛教供奉器皿,而莲花本就出淤泥而不染,自古以来就是君子品德高洁的象征。因而,此莲花碗是佛法与艺术的完美融合,不但风格独一无二,精神意义也源远流长。
欢迎学习中华文化,你我同行~~
(文中图片来自网络,如侵则删)
宅男阳光刺眼
The tower inner unearths a piece of the treasure being focused attention upon by the common people getting over the kiln blue china lotus flower bowl , it is a piece of representative work in getting over the kiln blue china when high 8.9 centimetres secret color china lotus flower bowl five Daitonggao 13.5 centimetres of bowl caliber asks height to keep the Suzhou Hu Qiu Yun Yan temple tower in repair 6.6 centimetres in 1956 13.9 centimetres,rare work in being able to be called the "secret color china ", is superb , outstanding. From the bowl and support, two parts are composed of the lotus flower bowl. The bowl is to stretch the deep abdomen of mouth, three set of outside wall ornaments emboss lotus flowers , the form asking if bean, upper part is to turn an oral disc over , delineate pair of hooks relying on two set of lotuses , is to the circle foot that the outside throws on the lower part, ornaments emboss covers two set of lotuses. Be a bowl's turn to be composed of seven set of various forms lotus flower together. That the china embryo assumes the off-white , padding quality is exquisite compact, the pellet pure and clean , supports heart levelling homogeneously, the center carves to have one small round hole to go straight to the implement bottom , Kongbian carves "an item writing down " the kiln labor (author) two characters , Shi Qing glazes, the tier favors a glaze and the whole body is as consistent , bright and clean as jade, lake water is general , limpidity is dark green if peaceful, "the kiln opens nine autumn wind dews that Tang describes exactly as among tortoise Mongol nationality "secret color china poem " increasingly , dazzle the eyes about thousand peak emerald green colors ", With "one deep lake green , implement shape that Mr. Chen Wan Li describes as the spring water cleaning up ripples" Dun Hou is demure , proportion is moderate , the line is fluent , rich magnificent, the whole body is like one lotus flower being in full bloom , make up a mental outline of ingenious , integral and indivisible day Cheng. Secret color china beginning fever Yu Tang , the Five Dynasties , namely , the Later Liang Dynasty , the Later Tang Dynasty , the Later Jin Dynasty , the Later Han Dynasty , and the Later Zhou Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty initial stage, Mrs. south Jiangsu and north Zhejiang king money is built up a country time the Five Dynasties , namely , the Later Liang Dynasty , the Later Tang Dynasty , the Later Jin Dynasty , the Later Han Dynasty , and the Later Zhou Dynasty , Shang Lin county Lake is purchased a government official supervising a kiln having a temperature making a blue china , the imperial court offering is listed as in Zhejiang, multitudinous the ruler's subject is unable usage. The lotus is lotus flower , the subject matter being chanted down the ages with unflagging patience by people , its gentleman virtue producing sludge but not dyeing gives personality to significance. The lotus has the fine growth environment and unique having a graceful demeanour tender and beautiful attitude, but have quiet and beautiful , quiet and comfortable delicate poetry more realm, the scholar is borrowed scenery from feeling by man of letters ease empathize placing various emotion. The Wei period, is being entered Chinese with the Buddhism biography , the lotus flower is being molten right away to enter one kind of mysterious religion color , is being symbolized blissful Pure Land and the life significance regenerating, one of the main subject matter becoming Buddhism art, in being drawn quilt using broadly in the Pure Land environment , Buddha seat , sculpture, this proves, not only be one model artist who has great originality, and be god-fearing one Buddhist Mrs. the designer item owing a lotus flower a bowl, The kiln blue china lotus flower bowl is a piece of extremely good intellectual products of realm this piece increasingly therefore speaking , power of Buddha and art are that work middle unite eternal an imperishable work being without a rival in this piece so consummate. Conceal self in Suzhou museum now. 秘色瓷莲花碗 五代 通高13.5厘米 碗高8.9厘米 口径13.9厘米 盏托高6.6厘米 1956年维修苏州虎丘云岩寺塔时,塔内出土一件受世人瞩目的珍品——越窑青瓷莲花碗,它是一件越窑青瓷中的代表作,称得上“秘色瓷”中的稀有作品,精美绝伦,出类拔萃. 莲花碗由碗和盏托两部分组成.碗为直口深腹,外壁饰浮雕莲花三组,盏托的形状如豆,上部为翻口盘,刻划双钩仰莲两组,下部为向外撇的圈足,饰浮雕覆莲二组.该碗共由七组各种形态的莲花组成.瓷胎呈灰白色,胎质细腻致密,颗粒均匀纯净,托心平整,正中镂有一小圆孔直通器底,孔边刻“项记”窑工(作者)二字,施青釉,釉层厚且通体一致,光洁如玉,如宁静的湖水一般,清澈碧绿,正如唐陆龟蒙《秘色瓷器诗》中描绘的“九秋风露越窑开,夺目千峰翠色来”,和陈万里先生形容的“一泓清漪的春水”般的湖绿色,器形敦厚端庄,比例适度,线条流畅,丰腴华美,通体恰似一朵盛开的莲花,构思巧妙,浑然天成. 秘色瓷始烧于唐、五代和北宋初期,五代时吴越王钱氏建国,在浙江上林湖置官监窑烧制青瓷,被列为宫廷供品,庶臣不能使用. 荷花即莲花,自古以来被人们不厌其烦吟咏的题材,它那出淤泥而不染的君子美德赋予人格意义.荷花有着良好的生长环境和独特的娇艳娉婷的姿态,而更有清幽、恬适的微妙诗意境界,被文人逸士借景移情寄托多种情感和思绪.汉魏时期,随着佛教的传入,莲花就被融入一种神秘的宗教色彩,象征着极乐净土和再生的生命意义,成为佛教艺术的主要题材之一,被广泛用在净土环境、佛座、雕刻、绘画之中,由此可见,该莲花碗的设计者项氏不仅是一位匠心独具的造型艺术家,而且是一位虔诚的佛教信徒,所以说这件越窑青瓷莲花碗是一件境界极高的精神产品,佛法与艺术是如此完美地统一在这件举世无双的千古不朽之作中. 现藏于苏州博物馆.
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