英语并列关联词

英语联系词（关联词）包括但不限于：

（1）先后次序关系：

at this time；first；second；next；at last；eventually（终于，最后）；finally；first of all；to begin with；to start with；to end with；since then（从那时起）；

（2）因果关系：

because；because of this；since；as；for；owing to；due to；for this reason；as a result of this；therefore；as a result（结果）；thus（因而）；hence（因此、从此）；so；so that...；under these conditions；

（3）并列关系：

and；also；too；as well as；either...or...；both...and...；

（4）转折关系：

but；however；though；even though；despite that；in spite of；

（5）递进关系：

furthermore；In this way；not only...but also...；not...but...；in addition（to）；besides；as far as I am concerned；in other words；on the one hand...on the other hand...；as a popular saying goes...（常言道）；in order to do it...；meanwhile；at the same time；In the first place...in the second place...

关联词的特点：

1、说话时很容易发现必须带有的一到二个词语，虽然意思不同，但是连在一起无论是说还是听都觉得很舒服。将分句连起来，使它变为通顺、完整的一个句子。

2、作为连接分句、标明关系的词语，关联词语总是标明抽象的关系都可以作为某类复句的特定的形式标志。

以上内容参考：百度百科-关联词

英语关联词用法 英语关联词 —并列连词 1 并列连词 在句子中不做成分,仅表示前后关系. 1.用于连接彼此互补依存的对等的成分. 1)连接语词:slow but safe/ either this week or next week 2)连接分句:I went and she also. 2.可分别表示下列关系. 1)转折:but, yet, however, neverthe- less 2) 因果:so, for, therefore 3) 选择r, either…or, neither…nor 英语关联词 —并列连接词 2 4)并列和递进:and,both…and, as well as not only…but (also) 英语关联词 —关联词 关联词 用于引导从句. 1.名词从句: He doesn't know what she is. 2.副词从句:If he comes, I'll give it to you. 3.形容词从句:He's the best student I've ever taught. 英语关联词 —连接词 1 关联词的类别及所表示的关系 要特别注意关联词在从句中(及某些连接词在短语中)所担当的成分,这是正确使用关连词的关键. 1.连接词:引导名词从句,在从句中不做成分. 1) that(无含义): I said that he was wrong. 2) whether(if)(表示不确定性或选择关系): I don't know whether it is correct. 英语关联词 —连接词 2 2.连接代词 1)引导名词从句,在从句中做主语,宾语,表语和 定语. A. who/which 作主语(口语who中可做宾语, 但其前面不可有与其配合使用的介词): I asked him who came into the room./ I asked him who(m) he saw whom/which 做宾语: Ask him which he wants. 英语关联词 —关联词 3 C. whose 做宾语(=whose thing(s)) /定 语: I wonder whose house that is. D. what 做上面提及的各种成分: I don't know what I should do. What can be done 2)与不定式连用,在其中多做主语和宾语. We can't decide whom to invite. We must decide what to do. I couldn't decide which to choose. 英语关联词 —关联词 4 3.连接副词 引导名词从句或与不定式连用,在从句 中做状语. 1) how: That's how I look at it. 2) where: I don't know where he lives. 3) when: Tell me when to use the tool. 4) why: I'll tell you why you have to do it. 英语关联词 —关系词 1 4.关系代词 1) who 表示人,在从句中做主语和表语(口语 who中可做宾语,但其前面不可有与其配合使用 的介词): The man who spoke is my teacher. I don't know who he is. The man who I saw told me that. 2) whom 表示人,在从句中做宾语和表语: The man whom I saw told me that. 英语关联词 —关系词 2 3) whose 表示"某人/物的",of which表示 "某物的", 在从句中做定语: That's the man whose son is my pupil. The room whose window faces south is her bedroom. The room of which the window faces south is her bedroom. 英语关联词 —关系词 3 4) which 表示物,在从句中做主语和表语: I like the picture which was taken in front of the main building. 5) that 表示人/物,在从句中做主语和宾语; 注 意下列关于that作为关系代词的用法. A.现行词前有最高级形容词修饰时: This is the best film that I've ever seen. 英语关联词 —关系词 4 B.先行词是下列词语或为其所修饰修饰时: the first, the last, the only, the same, the very, all, any, no, every. This is the last chance that you have. You are the only friend that I have. He told me all that he knew. 英语关联词 —关系词 5 C. 先行词是下列不定代词或为其所修饰修饰时: much, little, none, everything/body, nothing, nobody. There's nothing in the world that can frighten him. D. 以Who/Which开始的句子,其后的定语从句中 的关系代词不使用who/which,而代之以that. Who that knows him would trust him Which of these buses is the one that goes to London 英语关联词 —关系词 6 E.人和事物/动物同为先行词时: The man and the horse that fell into the river were drowned. 6) 关系代词做介词宾语. A.一般介词可放在whom/which的前面或其所 在的从句的句尾,关系代词为that时,只可 放在其所在的从句的句尾. Is this the car for which you paid a high price 英语关联词 —关系词 7 Is this the car which you paid a high price for Is this the car that you paid a high price for Is this the car you paid a high price for B.介词during, except以及表示(从整体中) "分割"(出部分)的介词of等介词要放在关 系代词的前面: 英语关联词 —关系词 8 The years during which he was away were long years to her. He wrote many books, some of which C.其介词与动词不可分割的短语动词中的介词必 须放在其动词之后,不可放在关系代词之前: This is the book which he has been looking for. 7)关系代词的省略. A.关系代词作宾语时: The girl I work with is coming. 英语关联词 —关系词 9 B.that在定语从句中做表语时: He is not the man that he was when I saw him first. He is not the man he was when I saw him first. 5.关系副词 在定语从句中均做状语. 1)where 地点: That's one point where I'd like your advice. 英语关联词 —关系词 10 2) when 时间: At the time when I saw him, he was ill. 3) why 原因: That is the reason why I came so early. 4) that 方式/时间/原因 I like the way that /in which he did it. 英语关联词 —关系词 11 That was the first time (that) I saw him. The reason why/that he was dismissed is not easy to explain. 5)in which/at which = where This is the school in which/at which/ where he works. 6)for which = why I don't the reason for which he left. 英语关联词 —关系词 12 7)on which = when The day on which she was born was 22 September, 1988.

常用关联词 1．表示举例的关联词 for example, that is, in the following manner, namely, in this case, as an illustration, to illustrate, in the same manner 2．表示递进关系的关联词 above all, finally ,of major concern, a second factor, of minor concern, to begin with, furthermore, compared to, moreover, equally important, of less importance, worst of all 3．表示强调的关联词 especially, without doubt, primarily, chiefly, actually, otherwise, after all, as a matter of fact 4.表示比较的关联词 as, too, also, likewise, similarly, at the same time, in the same way 5．表示转折的关联词 but, still, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, nevertheless, regardless, contrary to, and yet, however, nevertheless, conversely, despite, after all, instead 6．表示因果关系的关联词 for this purpose, to this end, with this object 7．表示结论的关联词 all in all, altogether, finally, in brief, in sum, in conclusion, in short, in summary, on the whole, to sum up accordingly, as a result, because, consequent, hence, since, therefore, thus, 8．表示作者态度的词 ironically, fortunately, to the disappointment of, unfortunately, strangely enough 常用的关联词分为十大类： 一. Addition 此外 in addition，and，similarly，likewise，as well as，besides，furthermore，also，moreover，too，not only … but also，even，besides this／that 二. Sequence 顺序 first，initially，second etc.，to begin with，then，next，earlier／later，following this／that，afterwards 三. Consequence 结果 as a result，thus，so，therefore，consequently，it follows that，thereby，eventually，tn that case，admittedly 四. Contrast对比 however，on the other hand，despite，in spite of，though，although，but，on the contrary，otherwise，yet，instead of，rather，whereas， nonetheless，compared with，in contrast 五．Certainty 确定 obviously，certainly，plainly，of course，undoubtedly 六．Condition 条件 if，unless，whether，provided that，for，so that，whether，depending on 七．Time 时间 before，since，as，until，meanwhile，at the moment，when，whenever，as soon as，just as 八．Summary 总结 in conclusion，in summary，lastly，finally，to sum up，to conclude，in short 九．Example举例 for example，for instance，just as，in particular，such as，namely 十．Reason原因 since，as，so， because (of)，due to，owing to，the reason why，in other words， leads to