十米之上
文章原文： 新概念英语第三册1-A Puma at large逃遁的美洲狮 Pumas are large, cat-like animalswhich are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild pumahad been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not takenseriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoofelt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimedto have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The huntfor the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'alarge cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she sawit, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless itis cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed atone place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals likerabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was foundclinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' atnight and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The expertswere now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from?As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this onemust have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed toescape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It isdisturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quietcountryside. 精读笔记： 1.A puma at large be at large: if a dangerous person or animal is at large, they haveescaped from somewhere or have not been caught. 例句：The escaped prisoners are still at large.2.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. 可以抽象出描述某个陌事物的句型（要解释的事物+be+形容词+种类词+which从句），在向别人解释某事物时可以使用。3.Whenreportscame into London Zoo(that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London), they were not taken seriously. （1）在这个句子里，that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London就是reports的具体内容，是同位语从句，在初步理解时，可以先不看that从句的内容，句子就相对比较简单了； （2）后半句的they指代前面提到的reports，这个句型可以在消息报道时使用，比如：得知外婆去世的消息后，他变得非常的难过。4.accumulate:to gradually get more and more money, possessions , knowledge etc over a period of time. 例句：It is unjust that a privileged few should continue toaccumulate wealth.5.However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for thedescriptions(given bypeople)(who claimed to have seen the puma)were extraordinarily similar. （1）as在此处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着。。。”； （2）for用来补充说明因果关系； （3）given by people是对descriptions的修饰，who claimed to have seen the puma是对people的修饰，在分析句子时，要先省去修饰成分，找出句子主干。6.The hunt for the puma began in a small village wherea woman picking blackberriessaw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. picking blackberries在此处是现在分词作定语，修饰a woman。7.a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. （1）will:used to say what always happens in a particular situation or what is generally true 例句：Oil will float on water. （2）unless:used to say that something will happen or be true if something else does not happen or is not true. 例句：Unless some extra money is found, the theatre will close.8.Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. complain of something: to say that you feel ill or have a pain in a part of your body . 例句：Dan’s been complaining ofsevere headaches.9.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? （1）convince:to make someone feel certain that something is true 例句：Her arguments didn’t convinceeveryone, but changes were made. （2）beconvinced that是被动语态结构，可以在文章结尾表达观点态度时使用，例如：I was convinced thatwe were doing the right thing.10.It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. It isdisturbing to think that可以用于表达观点，disturbing还可以换为其他词，如reasonable/important/astonishing等。
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文章原文： Mary and her husbandDimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. One ofMary's prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had givenher. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch itevery evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had beencut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen. When Dimitri came infrom the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set outto find the thief. He knew it would not prove difficult in such a smallvillage. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri foundout that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitriimmediately went to Aleko's house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb.He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko deniedtaking it and led Dimitri into his backyard. It was true that he had justbought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted sorashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While they were talkingit began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko's house until the rain stopped.When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find the littleblack lamb was almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had beenwashed clean by the rain! 精读笔记： 1. One of Mary'sprizepossessionswas a little whitelambwhich her husband had given her. prize : being the mostvaluable or most important example of its type. 另外，还有一个常见的意思something valuable, such as an amount of money, that isgiven to someone who succeeds in a competition or game or that is given tosomeone as a reward for doing very good work. possession : something that youown or that you are carrying with you at a particular time. lamb : a young sheep, or the flesh of ayoung sheep eaten as meat. 2. She kept ittiedto a tree in a fieldduring the day and went tofetchit every evening. tie : to fasten things together or hold them in a particular position using a piece of string, rope etc. fetch : to go and get something or someoneand bring them back. 例句：She fetched another chair from the dining room. 3. The rope had beencut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen. 在这句话里，it是先行词，在句中无实际含义，起到形式主语的作用，that引导的从句才是真正的逻辑主语，这样避免句子显得头重脚轻。 4. After tellingseveral of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour,Aleko, had suddenlyacquireda new lamb. acquire : buy or obtain an asset or objectfor oneself. 例句：I managed to acquire all the books I needed. 此外，还有另外一个常见意思learn or develop a skill, habit, or quality. 例句：Elsie acquired a good knowledge of Chinese. I've acquired ataste for whiskey. 5. Dimitriimmediately went to Aleko's house and angrilyaccusedhimofstealing the lamb. accused : to say that you believe someone isguilty of a crime or of doing something bad. 常用表达accuse somebody of (doing) something 例句：He was accused of murder. Smith accused her oflying. 6. He told him hehad better return itorhe would call thepolice. had better : used to giveadvice about what someone should do, or to say what you should do or need to do. 例句：You'd better phone Julie to say you'll be late. 此外，还有另外一个含义used to threaten someone. 例句：You’d better keep your mouth shut about this. or : used to say that something bad couldhappen if someone does not do a particular thing. 例句：Hurry up or we’ll be late. 7. Alekodeniedtaking it and ledDimitri into his backyard. deny : to say that something is not true,or that you do not believe something. ①deny doing something 例句：Two men have denied murdering a woman at a remote picnicspot. ②deny a charge/allegation/claim 例句：The men have denied charges of theft. ③deny that 例句：I’ve never denied that there is a housing problem. 8.Ashamed of having acted sorashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. ashame :feeling very sorry and embarrassed because ofsomething you have done. 常用表达ashamed of 例句：I felt ashamed of the things I’d saidto him. Ashamed of having acted so rashly在句中作原因状语。 apologize : to tell someone that you are sorrythat you have done something wrong. 常用表达apologize for (doing) something 例句：He later apologized for hisbehaviour. I apologize for losing my temper. 9. 从这篇课文还联想到一个表达the black sheep或者the black sheep of the family，可以理解为中文里的害群之马，a person who has done something bad that brings embarrassment or shame to his or her family. If you describe someone as the black sheep or the black sheep of the family, you mean that the other people in their family disapprove of them and consider their behaviour to be bad. 在这篇文章里就是说的Aleko. 例句：Mary is the black sheep of the family.She’s always in trouble with the police.
