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TED英语演讲稿：内向性格的力量
When I was nine years old I went off to summer camp for the first time。 And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books， which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do。 Because in my family， reading was the primary group activity。 And this might sound antisocial to you， but for us it was really just a different way of being social。 You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you， but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind。 And I had this idea that camp was going to be just like this， but better。 （Laughter） I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns。
当我九岁的时候 我第一次去参加夏令营 我妈妈帮我整理好了我的行李箱 里面塞满了书 这对于我来说是一件极为自然的事情 因为在我的家庭里 阅读是主要的家庭活动 听上去你们可能觉得我们是不爱交际的 但是对于我的家庭来说这真的只是接触社会的另一种途径 你们有自己家庭接触时的温暖亲情 家人静坐在你身边 但是你也可以自由地漫游 在你思维深处的冒险乐园里我有一个想法 野营会变得像这样子，当然要更好些 （笑声） 我想象到十个女孩坐在一个小屋里 都穿着合身的女式睡衣惬意地享受着读书的过程
（Laughter）
（笑声）
Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol。 And on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit。 And it went like this： "R—O—W—D—I—E， that's the way we spell rowdie。 Rowdie， rowdie， let's get rowdie。" Yeah。 So I couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy， or why we had to spell this word incorrectly。 （Laughter） But I recited a cheer。 I recited a cheer along with everybody else。 I did my best。 And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books。
野营这时更像是一个不提供酒水的派对聚会 在第一天的时候呢 我们的顾问把我们都集合在一起 并且她教会了我们一种今后要用到的庆祝方式 在余下夏令营的每一天中 让“露营精神”浸润我们 之后它就像这样继续着 R—O—W—D—I—E 这是我们拼写“吵闹"的口号 我们唱着“噪音，喧闹，我们要变得吵一点” 对，就是这样 可我就是弄不明白我的生活会是什么样的 为什么我们变得这么吵闹粗暴 或者为什么我们非要把这个单词错误地拼写 （笑声） 但是我可没有忘记庆祝。我与每个人都互相欢呼庆祝了 我尽了我最大的努力 我只是想等待那一刻 我可以离开吵闹的聚会去捧起我挚爱的书
But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase， the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me， "Why are you being so mellow？" —— mellow， of course， being the exact opposite of R—O—W—D—I—E。 And then the second time I tried it， the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing。
但是当我第一次把书从行李箱中拿出来的时候 床铺中最酷的那个女孩向我走了过来 并且她问我：“为什么你要这么安静？” 安静，当然，是R—O—W—D—I—E的反义词 “喧闹”的反义词 而当我第二次拿书的时候 我们的顾问满脸忧虑的向我走了过来 接着她重复了关于“露营精神”的要点并且说我们都应当努力 去变得外向些
And so I put my books away， back in their suitcase， and I put them under my bed， and there they stayed for the rest of the summer。 And I felt kind of guilty about this。 I felt as if the books needed me somehow， and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them。But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer。
于是我放好我的书 放回了属于它们的行李箱中 并且我把它们放到了床底下 在那里它们度过了暑假余下的每一天 我对这样做感到很愧疚 不知为什么我感觉这些书是需要我的 它们在呼唤我，但是我却放弃了它们 我确实放下了它们，并且我再也没有打开那个箱子 直到我和我的家人一起回到家中 在夏末的时候
Now， I tell you this story about summer camp。 I could have told you 50 others just like it ——all the times that I got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of beingwas not necessarily the right way to go， that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert。 And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were。 But for years I denied this intuition， and so I became a Wall Street lawyer， of all things， instead of the writer that I had always longed to be —— partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too。 And I was always going off to crowded bars when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends。 And I made these self—negating choices so reflexively， that I wasn't even aware that I was making them。
现在，我向你们讲述这个夏令营的故事 我完全可以给你们讲出其他50种版本就像这个一样的故事—— 每当我感觉到这样的时候 它告诉我出于某种原因，我的宁静和内向的风格 并不是正确道路上的必需品 我应该更多地尝试一个外向者的角色 而在我内心深处感觉得到，这是错误的内向的人们都是非常优秀的，确实是这样 但是许多年来我都否认了这种直觉 于是我首先成为了华尔街的一名律师 而不是我长久以来想要成为的一名作家 一部分原因是因为我想要证明自己 也可以变得勇敢而坚定 并且我总是去那些拥挤的酒吧 当我只是想要和朋友们吃一顿愉快的晚餐时 我做出了这些自我否认的抉择 如条件反射一般 甚至我都不清楚我做出了这些决定
花开旭航
“英语像是一块伟大的海绵，融合了许多种语言，但它也有缺憾。希腊语中有一个词叫lachesism，意思是渴望灾难，比如你在海平面上看到雷雨，为暴风雨的到来而欢呼雀跃。波兰语中有一个词叫jouska，它代表着你脑海中不断出现且无法停止的假象对话。”John Koenig花7年时间编撰了一本字典，名为《晦涩情感词语字典》下面是我为大家收集关于TED英文演讲：用新词改变世界，欢迎借鉴参考。
演讲者：John Koenig
中英对照翻译
Today I want to talk about the meaning of words, how we define them and how they, almost as revenge,define us.
今天我想和大家谈谈单词的含义，我们是如何定义它们的，反过来它们又是如何，像复仇一般的 定义了我们。英语语言就像是一块华丽的吸水海绵，
The English language is a magnificent sponge. I love the English language. I'm glad that I speak it. But for all that, it has a lot of holes. In Greek, there's a word, "lachesism" which is the hunger for disaster. You know, when you see a thunderstorm on the horizon and you just find yourself rooting for the storm.
我喜爱英语，很高兴我会说英语，但是，它依然有很多缺陷。在希腊语中有一个词，“Lachesism"，意思是对灾难的渴求，就像是当你看到远方地平线的雷雨，发现自己已对风暴做好了一切准备。
In Mandarin, they have a word "yù yī" -- I'm not pronouncing that correctly -- which means the longing to feel intensely again the way you did when you were a kid. In Polish, they have a word "jouska" which is the kind of hypothetical conversation that you compulsively play out in your head. And finally, in German, of course in German, they have a word called "zielschmerz" which is the dread of getting what you want.
在中文里，有一个词叫“yù yī ” —— 不好意思，我发音不准—— 意思是希望再次强烈体会到当你还是个孩子时的感觉。在波兰语里，他们有一个词叫“Jouska", 形容一种假想的对话，在自己的脑海里被迫上演。最后，在德语里，当然，是德语。他们有一个词叫做“Zielschmerz”，意思是害怕得到你想要的。
Finally fulfilling a lifelong dream. I'm German myself, so I know exactly what that feels like.
虽然最后实现了你毕生的梦想。我自己是个德国人，所以很了解那是什么感觉。
Now, I'm not sure if I would use any of these words as I go about my day, but I'm really glad they exist. But the only reason they exist is because I made them up.
在我的日常生活里，不确定我会不会用这些词，但是我对这些单词的存在感到高兴。仅仅因为，我编造了它们。
I am the author of "The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows," which I've been writing for the last seven years. And the whole mission of the project is to find holes in the language of emotion and try to fill them so that we have a way of talking about all those human peccadilloes and quirks of the human condition that we all feel but may not think to talk about because we don't have the words to do it.
我是《自造词典》的创始人，(The Dictionary of ObscureSorrows) 这是我在过去七年里所编写的东西。整个计划的目标，是为了找到语言情感里的漏洞，去填补它们，如此我们就有了一种全新的方式 去讨论人类情感里的种种小缺失，那种我们常常能感受，却无法去形容的概念，因为我们没有适合的词去表达。
And about halfway through this project, I defined "sonder," the idea that we all think of ourselves as the main character and everyone else is just extras. But in reality, we're all the main character, and you yourself are an extra in someone else's story.
在我的计划进行了一半的时候，我创造了一个词“Sonder”，这个点子是关于我们把自己想象成世间的主角，其他人都是临时演员。但是在现实中，你认为自己是主角，可是你在其他人的故事中却只是个配角罢了。
And so as soon as I published that, I got a lot of response from people saying, "Thank you for giving voice to something I had felt all my life but there was no word for that." So it made them feel less alone. That's the power of words, to make us feel less alone.
当我发表了这一想法时，很多人来告诉我，“谢谢你，你为我一生都感觉到却一直没能找到合适的词去表达的感觉下了定义。” 这使得他们不再那么孤单。这就是文字的魅力，让我们不再孤独。
And it was not long after that that I started to notice sonder being used earnestly in conversations online,and not long after I actually noticed it, I caught it next to me in an actual conversation in person. There is no stranger feeling than making up a word and then seeing it take on a mind of its own. I don't have a word for that yet, but I will.
在那不久以后，我开始注意到Sonder这个词，很多人真的已经开始在 网络交谈中使用了，就在我注意到这个没多久，我就发现这个词已经用在我身边人与人直接的交谈中了。没有什么感觉比 自己造了一个单词，然后发现它被所有人 所接受更奇怪了。现在还没有能形容这种感觉的词，但我会造一个出来的。
I'm working on it.
我已经在想了。
I started to think about what makes words real, because a lot of people ask me, the most common thing I got from people is, "Well, are these words made up? I don't really understand." And I didn't really know what to tell them because once sonder started to take off, who am I to say what words are real and what aren't.
我开始想，到底是什么让一个单词具象化，因为很多人问过我，我也最常听到的提问是，“好吧，这些单词是造出来的?我真的不明白。” 我也真的不知道该怎么解释，因为一旦sonder开始流行起来，我又该跟谁说哪些单词是真实的，哪些不是?
And so I sort of felt like Steve Jobs, who described his epiphany as when he realized that most of us, as we go through the day, we just try to avoid bouncing against the walls too much and just sort of get on with things.But once you realize that people -- that this world was built by people no smarter than you, then you can reach out and touch those walls and even put your hand through them and realize that you have the power to change it.
我有点感觉像是乔布斯在描述他的顿悟，当他意识到，我们中的很多人在生活中，都在为了避免给自己制造太多的麻烦，只是希望一切都顺利。但是一旦你了解到那些人—— 了解到这个世界是由并不比 你聪明多少的人所建立的，那么你就会试着去跨越这些高墙，甚至会用手去推翻它们，你就会意识到，原来你也有改变世界的力量。
And when people ask me, "Are these words real?" I had a variety of answers that I tried out. Some of them made sense. Some of them didn't. But one of them I tried out was, "Well, a word is real if you want it to be real." The way that this path is real because people wanted it to be there.
当人们问我，“这些单词是真的吗?” 我曾经准备了很多答案。有些可以理解，有些却行不通。但是我的一个答案是，“单词唯有你想要它是真的时候，它才会变成真的。” 这条路之所以会存在，是因为人们都想要它存在。
It happens on college campuses all the time. It's called a "desire path."
这种路在大学校园里随处可见，我叫它“渴望之路“。
But then I decided, what people are really asking when they're asking if a word is real, they're really asking,"Well, how many brains will this give me access to?" Because I think that's a lot of how we look at language.A word is essentially a key that gets us into certain people's heads. And if it gets us into one brain, it's not really worth it, not really worth knowing. Two brains, eh, it depends on who it is. A million brains, OK, now we're talking. And so a real word is one that gets you access to as many brains as you can. That's what makes it worth knowing.
但是之后，当他们问 这个单词是否是真的，他们其实是在问，“好吧，通过这个单词我又能读懂几个人的内心呢?” 因为我觉得这就是我们怎么看待语言的。单词的本质就是一把钥匙，一把开启人们内心的钥匙。如果这把钥匙只能走进你一个人心里，这真的不值得，也没什么必要存在。如果能读懂两个人，嗯，这要看另一个是谁。如果能走进千千万万的内心，很好，这就是我们现在对话的意义。所以一个真实存在的单词，能帮助你了解很多人。这就是一个单词的意义。
Incidentally, the realest word of all by this measure is this.[O.K.]
顺便一提，用这种方式获得的最真实的一个词是：【O. K.】
That's it. The realest word we have. That is the closest thing we have to a master key. That's the most commonly understood word in the world, no matter where you are. The problem with that is, no one seems to know what those two letters stand for.
就是这个。这是我们最真实的单词。这就是我们最熟悉的单词。同时也是这个世界上 被最多人所熟知的词，无论你来自哪里，问题是，没人知道为什么要用这两个字母。
Which is kind of weird, right? I mean, it could be a misspelling of "all correct," I guess, or "old kinderhook."No one really seems to know, but the fact that it doesn't matter says something about how we add meaning to words. The meaning is not in the words themselves. We're the ones that pour ourselves into it.
这是不是有点不可思议?我猜它可能是 “All Correct”(都对)的错误拼写，或者是“Old Kinderhook”的错误拼写。似乎没人知道为什么，但是这都无所谓了，这说明了我们是如何 给词语赋予含义的。单词的含义不在于单词本身，而是在于那些赋予单词意义的人们。
And I think, when we're all searching for meaning in our lives, and searching for the meaning of life, I think words have something to do with that. And I think if you're looking for the meaning of something, the dictionary is a decent place to start. It brings a sense of order to a very chaotic universe. Our view of things is so limited that we have to come up with patterns and shorthands and try to figure out a way to interpret itand be able to get on with our day. We need words to contain us, to define ourselves.
而且我觉得，我们都在 寻找我们生命中的意义，寻找生活的意义时，我觉得单词和我们寻找的东西息息相关。我觉得你在寻找某些东西的含义时，字典是一个开始寻找的好地方。字典为混沌的宇宙带去了一丝秩序。我们对事物的了解十分有限，以至于我们不得不想出 一些规律或者速记的方法，去尝试寻找该词的解释，让我们的生活得以继续。我们需要单词来蕴含自己，来定义我们自己。
I think a lot of us feel boxed in by how we use these words. We forget that words are made up. It's not just my words. All words are made up, but not all of them mean something. We're all just sort of trapped in our own lexicons that don't necessarily correlate with people who aren't already like us, and so I think I feel us drifting apart a little more every year, the more seriously we take words.
我觉得我们中的很多人都感觉，被我们所用的词汇所束缚了，我们忘了所有的单词都是编造出来的，不光光是我用的词，所有的词都是编造出来的，但不是所有的词都有含义。我们只是有点被困在自己的字典里，而我们的字典和其他人的字典并不全都一样，所以我觉得每一年我们都在变得疏远，我们对用词也越来越认真。
Because remember, words are not real. They don't have meaning. We do.
但是请记住，单词不是真的。它们本身没有任何意义，是我们赋予了它们含义。
And I'd like to leave you with a reading from one of my favorite philosophers, Bill Watterson, who created "Calvin and Hobbes." He said, "Creating a life that reflects your values and satisfies your soul is a rare achievement. To invent your own life's meaning is not easy, but it is still allowed, and I think you'll be happier for the trouble."
最后我想跟各位分享一段我最喜欢的一位哲学家，比尔·沃特森在《凯文的幻虎世界》中说的，“创造一个能反应你的价值，并充实你的灵魂的生活，是一件了不起的成就。去创造你自己生活的意义 不容易，但仍值得你去尝试，并且我觉得你会因自找麻烦变得更快乐。“
Thank you.(Applause)
