英语九种被动语态

一般现在时: am/is/are done一般过去时：was/were done一般将来时：shall/will be done一般过去将来时：should/would be done现在进行时：is/am/are being done过去进行时：was/were being done现在完成时：has/have been done过去完成时：had been done将来完成时：shall/will have been done

16种被动语态。

1 一般过去was/were done

2.一般现在is/are done

3.一般将来 will be done

4.（一般）过去将来would be done

5.过去进行was/were being done

6.现在进行is/are being done

7.将来进行will be being done

8.过去将来进行would be being done

9过去完成had been done

10现在完成have/has been done

11将来完成will have been done

12过去将来完成would have been done

13过去完成进行had been being done

14现在完成进行have/has been being done

15将来完成进行will have been being done

16过去将来完成进行would have been being done

(1) 一般现在时：am /is /are +及物动词的过去分词；例：I am asked to the party today.(2) 一般过去时：was /were+及物动词的过去分词；例：I was asked to the party last night.(3) 现在进行时：am /is /are being +及物动词的过去分词；例：I am being asked to the party today.(4) 过去进行时：was /were being +及物动词的过去分词；例：I was being asked to the party that time.(5)一般将来时：助动词will +be +及物动词的过去分词；或：am /is /are going to +be +及物动词的过去分词；例：I will be asked to the party tomorrow.例：I am going to be asked to the party tomorrow.(6)过去将来时：助动词would +be +及物动词的过去分词；或：was /were going to +be +及物动词的过去分词；例：I would be asked to the party the next day.例：I was going to be asked to the party the next day.(7)现在完成时：助动词has /have +been +及物动词的过去分词；例：I has been asked to the party today.(8) 过去完成时：助动词had +been +及物动词的过去分词；例：I had been asked to the party the day before.另外,含有情态动词的被动语态构成为：情态动词+助动词be +及物动词的过去分词.例：I may be asked to the party today.

被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时例visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.2）has/havebeendone现在完成时例allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe'rereadytostart.3）am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时例anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere．4）was/weredone一般过去时例iwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherishouldrejecttheoffer.5）hadbeendone过去完成时例bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompletedinbeijing.6）was/werebeingdone过去进行时例ameetingwasbeingheldwheniwasthere.7）shall/willbedone一般将来时例hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时例thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.9）shall/willhavebeendone将来完成时（少用）例theprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforejuly.10）should/wouldhavebeendone过去将来完成时（少用）例hetoldmethathisnewclotheswouldhavebeenmadeverysoon.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改为hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改为theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改为astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.

1 被动语态的构成 被动语态的基本结构是“助动词be +过去分词”.被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化,以动词take为例,将被动语态常见时态的动词形式列表如下： 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般将来时 am/is/are taken am/is/are being taken have/has been taken will/shall be taken 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去将来时 was /were taken was/were being taken had been taken would/should be taken 从上表中可以看出,被动语态的各种时态变化都是通过助动词“be”的各种时态来表示的,因此只要知道“be”的时态形式,也就掌握了被动语态构成 2 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be＋过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变 化.以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been completed,and we're ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here． 4） was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7） shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to done一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done/ was\were going to be done/ was\were about to be done/was\were to be to done一般将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been completed before July. 10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） 例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.

am/is/are done 现在被动态was/were 过去被动态have/has been don 现在完成被动态had been done 过去完成被动态should/could/may/might/must...have been done 虚拟被动态should/could/may/might/must...be done 情态动词被动态好像没了吧 一时倒也记不起还有没有别的