念念1218
University of Oxford was established in thirteenth Century, one of the top ten universities in the world, to the beautiful university city is famous all over the world, the story of Alice in Wonderland. This is the background to the story in Oxford everywhere is the Gothic spire beautiful building, it is "the steeple of the city". University of Oxford is the first National University, cultivate many of the top outstanding persons. The school consists of 36 colleges, in addition to their different architectural features, each college is an independent teaching institution, providing students with academic and life guidance. The university has more than 30 colleges, each has its own characteristics. The University of Oxford course, either liberal arts or science, can get the honor bachelor degree or relevant degree, students pick their own by the instructor, after three years of study, obtained a bachelor's degree. In recent years, Oxford has two or more subjects together. Subjects, such as philosophy and mathematics, classical literature and modern literature, fully reflect the current academic field of multi angle, multi edge, and the trend and trend of resource sharing.
一，浅谈英语翻译方法：
1．直译法：就是按照文字的字面意思直接翻译过来,例如汉语中的“纸老虎”直译成“paper tiger”,外国人看起来不但深明其义，而且觉得很是传神，所以现已成为正式的英美民族语言。另外，我们口中的“丢脸”也被直译为“lose face”,“走狗”译成为“running dog”.由于中国热而大为外国人欢迎的“功夫”音译成“kung fu”等也算是直译法的一种。
2．同义习语借用法：两种语言中有些同义习语无论在内容、形式和色彩上都有相符合，它们不但相同的意思或隐义，面且有相同的或极相似的形象或比喻。翻译时如果遇到这种情况不妨直载了当地互相借用。比方说汉语中有一句习语是“隔墙有耳“，英语中却有”walls have ears”,两句话字、义两合，无懈可击。我们说“火上加油”，英国人则说”to add fuel to the flame”,两者也完全一样。
3．意译法——有些习语无法直译，也无法找到同义的习语借用,则只好采用意译的方法来对待.例如汉语中的”落花流水”用来表示被打得大败之意,译成英文便是“to be shattered to pieces”。“乌烟瘴气“形容情形混乱不堪，可用“chaos”来表达。
4．省略法—汉语中有一种情况，就是习语中有的是对偶词不达意组，前后含意重复。偶到这种情况时可用省略法来处理，以免产生画蛇添足之感。例如“铜墙铁壁”可译成“wall of bronzl” 已经足够，实在无须说成”wall of copper and iron”.”街谈巷议“在意义上也是重复的，所以译成”street gossip”便可以了。
5．增添法—为了要更清楚地表达原意，有时要结合上下文的需要，在译文中增添一些说明。例如“树倒猢狲散”可译成“Once the tree falls,the monkeys on it will flee helter-skelter,”其中helter-skelter是“慌慌张张”之意，是增添的成分，原文虽无其字而有其义，加了使形象突出，有声有色。
6．还原法—一些习语源于外语，翻译时可使之还原。例如“夹着尾巴”应写成”with the tail between the legs”;”战争贩子”是英文”war-monger”的中译;”蓝图”则是”blue-print”等.
巧克力麦乳精
牛津大学简称牛津(Oxford)，是一所位于英国牛津市的世界著名公立研究型大学。实际创立日期仍不清楚，但有记录的授课历史可追溯到1096年。为英语世界中最古老的大学，也是世界上现存第二古老的高等教育机构，是世界著名研究型大学之一。牛津同时拥有全球最具规模的大学出版社，及全英最大型的大学图书馆系统。牛津大学培养了众多社会名人，包括了26位英国首相、60位诺贝尔奖得主以及数十位世界各国的皇室成员和政治领袖。下面我为大家带来旅游英语牛津大学英语简介，欢迎大家阅读!
牛津大学英语简介：
Oxford is a unique and historic institution. As the oldest English-speaking university in the world, it lays claim to eight centuries of continuous existence. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.
In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student, initiated the University's tradition of international scholarship. By 1201, the University was headed by a magister scolarum Oxonie, on whom the title of Chancellor was conferred in 1214, and in 1231 the masters were recognized as a uniuersitas or corporation.
In the 13th century, rioting between town and gown (students and townspeople) hastened the establishment of primitive halls of residence. These were succeeded by the first of xford's colleges or endowed houses whose architectural splendour, together with the University's libraries and museums, give the city its unique character. University, Balliol and Merton Colleges, established between 1249 and 1264, were the oldest.
Less than a century later, Oxford had achieved eminence above every other seat of learning, and won the praises of popes, kings and sages by virtue of its antiquity, curriculum, doctrine and privileges. In 1355, Edward III paid tribute to the University for its invaluable contribution to learning; he also commented on the services rendered to the state by distinguished Oxford graduates.
Oxford early on became a centre for lively controversy, with scholars involved in religious and political disputes. John Wyclif, a 14th-century Master of Balliol, campaigned for a bible in the vernacular, against the wishes of the papacy. In 1530, Henry VIII forced the University to accept his divorce from Catherine of Aragon. During the Reformation in the 16th century, the Anglican churchmen Cranmer, Latimer and Ridley were tried for heresy and burnt at the stake in Oxford. The University was Royalist in the Civil War, and Charles I held a counter-Parliament in Convocation House.
In the late 17th century, the Oxford philosopher John Locke, suspected of treason, was forced to flee the country. The 18th century, when Oxford was said to have forsaken port for politics, was also an era of scientific discovery and religious revival. Edmund Halley, Professor of Geometry, predicted the return of the comet that bears his name; John and Charles Wesley's prayer meetings laid the foundations of the Methodist Society.
The University assumed a leading role in the Victorian era. The Oxford Movement, led by John Henry Newman, broke from the Anglican Church in the 1840s. Twenty years later, the new University Museum was the site of a famous debate between Thomas Huxley, the champion of evolution, and Bishop Wilberforce.
From 1878, academic halls were established for women, who became members of the University in 1920. Since 1974, all but one of Oxford's 39 colleges have changed their statutes to admit both men and women. St Hilda's remains the only women's college.
In the years since the war, Oxford has added to its humanistic core a major new research capacity in the natural and applied sciences, including medicine. In so doing, it has enhanced and strengthened its traditional role as a focus for learning and a forum for intellectual debate.
Students
The University of Oxford's total student population numbers just over 16,100 (students in residence, 1998-9).
Almost a quarter of these students are from overseas, including the countries of the European Union.
More than 130 nationalities are represented among our student body.
Almost 5,000 students are engaged in postgraduate work. Of these, around 3,000 are working in the arts and humanities.
Staff
Oxford's current academic community includes 76 Fellows of the Royal Society and 105 Fellows of the British Academy. A further 97 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are also Fellows of the British Academy, and 142 Emeritus and Honorary College Fellows are Fellows of the Royal Society.
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简介universityofoxford所属国家：英国建校时间：1167年牛津大学有历史、有世界声誉。尽管由于国家和资源的优势相对衰落，牛津和剑桥高居于世界大学之冠的日子早已不再。但它仍在英国社会和高等教育系统中具有极其重要的地位，也仍然有着世界性的影响。英国甚至全世界教育界，言必称牛津；英国和世界很多的青年学子们都以进牛津为理想.校徽剑桥大学（universityofcambridge）成立于1209年，最早是由一批为躲避殴斗而从牛津大学逃离出来的学者建立的。亨利三世国王在1231年授予剑桥教学垄断权。剑桥大学和牛津大学（universityofoxford）齐名为英国的两所最优秀的大学，被合称为“oxbridge”。是世界十大学府之一，81位诺贝尔奖得主出自此校。剑桥大学还是英国的名校联盟“罗素集团”（russellgroupofuniversities）和欧洲的大学联盟科英布拉集团（coimbragroup）的成员。现任校长是艾利森·理查德。剑桥大学所处的剑桥(cambridge)是一个拥有10万居民的英格兰小镇，距英国首都伦敦不到100千米，这个小镇有一条河流穿过，被命名为“剑河”（rivercam，也译作“康河”），早在公元前43年，古罗马士兵就驻扎在剑河边，后来还在剑河上建起了一座大桥，这样，河名和桥加住一起，就构成了剑桥这一地名。绝大多数的学院、研究所、图书馆和实验室都在这个镇上，此外还有20多所教堂。校徽剑桥大学有31个学院，有三个女子学院，两个专门的研究生院，各学院历史背景不同，实行独特的学院制，风格各异的35所学院经济上自负盈亏；剑桥大学负责生源规划和教学工作，各学院内部录取步骤各异，每个学院在某种程度上就像一个微型大学，有自己的校规校纪。剑桥大学的第一所学院彼得学院于1284年建立，其他的学院在14和15世纪陆续建立。剑桥大学的许多地方保留着中世纪以来的风貌，到处可见几百年来不断按原样精心维修的古城建筑，许多校舍的门廊、墙壁上仍然装饰着古朴庄严的塑像和印章，高大的染色玻璃窗像一幅幅瑰丽的画面。剑桥大学有教师(教授、副教授、讲师)1,000余名，另外还有1,000余名访问学者。剑桥大学共有学生16,900名，其中包括6,935名研究生，72%的研究生来自其它大学，研究生中42%是国外留学生，女生占36%。大学校长为女王丈夫菲历普亲王(他同时兼任牛津大学校长)，设一名常务副校长主持日常工作。剑桥大学的学生参与多种业余活动，其中划船是最流行的体育运动，剑桥大学各学院间经常比赛，而且剑桥大学每年都会与牛津大学举行划船比赛。各学院间还举行其他各种体育比赛，包括橄榄球、板球、国际象棋等。该大学在世界品牌实验室（worldbrandlab）编制的2006年度《世界品牌500强》排行榜中名列第五十九。
妮儿1212J
Oxford University was established in the 13th century, one of the world's top ten universities, to the beautiful university city known around the world, fairy tales, Alice in Wonderland that is as the background for the story. Oxford everywhere in the Gothic spire beautiful building, it is "steeple of the city". Oxford University is the UK's first national university, and encouraged many of the top outstanding personalities. The school contains 36 colleges, in addition to their different architectural features, each Institute is an independent teaching institution, providing students with academic and life guidance. The University has more than 30 colleges, all unique. Oxford University courses, whether arts or science, you can obtain a BA degree or equivalent with an honors degree, students pick their own by the instructor, after three years of study, a bachelor's degree. In recent years, Oxford also has a combination of two or more subjects in subjects such as philosophy and mathematics, classical literature and modern literature, fully embodies the contemporary academic multi-angle, multi-edge, trend and needed trends in resource sharing .
