雪蓝的枫叶
大学英语四级考试(CET-4)是检验大学英语教学的重要手段,又是关系到大学生毕业与就业的重要因素,因此学好英语迫在眉睫。我整理了英语四级段落翻译,欢迎阅读!
蒙古族牧民(Mongolian herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民们喜欢吃牛羊肉和奶制品,喜欢喝红茶和砖茶。他们大多住在圆形的蒙古包(Mongolian yurt)里。蒙古包顶上开有天窗(skylight),用来通风和采光。蒙古族是一个能骑善射、能歌善舞的民族。每年七八月举行的“那达慕”大会(the NadamFair),是蒙古族同胞—年一度的盛大节日。大会上有赛马、摔跤、射箭比赛和精彩的歌舞表演。每逢盛会,人们都从四面八方赶来参加比赛、观看表演,宁静的大草原顿时变成了欢乐的海洋。
参考翻译:
The lifestyle of Mongolian herdsmen is distinctive.Herdsmen like eating beef, mutton and dairyproducts and drinking black tea and brick tea. Mostof them live in Mongolian yurt with a skylight forventilating and lighting. Mongolian people areexperts at horseback riding and shooting and skilled in singing and dancing. The Nadam Fairheld in July or August every year is an annual grand festival for Mongolian people. There arehorse racing,wrestling,archery contest and wonderful dancing and singing performances duringthe festival.During each Nadam Fair, people from different places come to compete and watchperformances, instantly turning the quiet grasslands into a sea of pleasure.
1.蒙古族牧民的生活方式很有特色:作为段落的第一句,翻译时一定要恰当处理。这里译者很灵活地把“很有特色”处理为be distinctive,表示跟其他民族不同,特色鲜明;另外,"牧民”还可以译为shepherds。
2.红茶和砖茶:不能想当然地把红茶译为red tea,而是blacktea;我们对“砖茶” 可能也不太熟悉,砖茶是一种外形为长方体的紧压茶,文中译为brick tea,也可音译为Zhuan Tea。
3.顶上开有天窗:采用介词短语with a skylight,简洁明了。
4.能骑善射、能歌善舞:中文为并列关系,英文也应译为并列的短句be expert at horseback riding andshooting and skilled in singing and dancing。
5.赛马、摔跤、射箭比赛:可译为horse racing, wrestling, archery contest。
6.欢乐的海洋:可译为a sea of joy/pleasure。
泰山(Mount Tai)位于山东省中部。它是中国黄河流域古代文化的发祥地之一,被誉为“五岳”之首。因其山峰险峻,景色壮丽而闻名于世。中国历代帝王都把泰山当做天的象征,纷纷到此封禅(offer sacrifices to)、祭告天地。历史上的中国文化名人都曾登临泰山,留下诗文、墨宝。泰山风景区内,现有古建筑群22处,古遗址97处,历代石碑(stele)819块,历代刻石1800处,为研究中国古代历史、书法等提供了重要而丰富的实物资料。泰山不只是一座风景山,更是一座文化山。
参考翻译:
Mount Tai locates in the middle of ShandongProvince.It is one of the birthplaces of the ancientculture along the Yellow River basin, and is regardedas the head of the Five Great Mountains. Mount Tai iscelebrated for its precipitous peaks andmagnificent sceneries.In Chinese history, emperors of all dynasties would take a journey toMount Tai, which was considered as the symbol of heaven, to worship and offer sacrifices tothe heaven and earth. The cultural celebrities in ancient China composed numerous pieces ofpoems and calligraphy works after they had toured Mount Tai.Currently, there are 22 ancientarchitecture complexes, 97 historic sites, 819 pieces of stele, 1,800 pieces of carved stones,which provide plenty of important material evidences to make researches on Chinese ancienthistory and calligraphy. Mount Tai is not only a mountain of scenery, but also a mountain ofculture.
1.它是中国黄河流域古代文化的发祥地之一:其中“黄河流域”译为the Yellow River basin; “发祥地”即“发源地”,译为birthplace。
2.“五岳”之首:可译为 the head of the Five GreatMountains。
3.因其山峰险峻,景色壮丽而闻名于世:其中“因…闻名于世”可译为be famed for或用be celebrated for表达;“山峰险峻”即“险峻的山峰”,译为 precipitous peaks; “景色壮丽”即“壮丽的景色”,译为magnificentsceneries。
4.历代帝王纷纷到此封禅、祭告天地:其中“历代帝王”译为emperors of all dynasties;“纷纷”即“多”,而前句中“emperors”用复数已表达出“多”的含义,故可省略翻译;“封禅、祭告天地”可译为worship and offersacrifices to the heaven and earth。
西双版纳与老挝(Laos)、缅甸(Myanmar)相连,邻近泰国和越南(Vietnam), 与泰国的直线距离仅20@公里。西双版纳具有非常独特的亚热带风光,而且动植物资源非常丰富,素有“植物王国”、“动物王国”、“药材王国”的美称。西双版纳的意思是“理想而神奇的乐土”,这里以神奇的热带雨林自然最观和少数民族风情而闻名于世,是中国的热点旅游城市之一。每年的泼水节(the Water-Sprinkling Festival)于4月13日至15日举行,吸引了众多国内外的游客。
参考翻译:
Xishuangbanna adjoins Laos and Myanmar and isclose to Thailand and Vietnam. The straight-linedistance from Xishuangbanna to Thailand is onlymore than 200 kilometers. Xishuangbanna has veryunique subtropical scenery, and it is also ratherrich in flora and fauna, tbus enjoying the reputation of “Kingdom of Plants' “Kingdom ofAnimals" and “Kingdom of Medicine". Xishuangbanna means “an ideal and magical paradise”. Itis famous for natural landscapes of the magical rainforest and customs of national minorities.Itis one of China's hot tourist cities.The annual Water-Sprinkling Festival lasting from April 13thto 15th attracts many tourists home and abroad.
1.句中“与...相连”、“邻近...”和“与...的直线距离”可分别译为adjoin,be close to和the straight-line distance from。
2.西双版纳具有非常独特的亚热带风光,而且动植物资源非常丰富,素有“植物王国”、“动物王国”、“药材王国”的美称:翻译该句时,可将前两个分句译成并列的形式,而第三个分句则用现在分词形式表示,作全句的状语。
3.以...闻名于世:可译为be famous for。
4.热点旅游城市:可译为hot tourist city。
末末很烦躁
一说到四级翻译,许多童鞋就如“谈虎色变”,面露难色,深锁眉头。但其实四级翻译,并没有想象中的那样复杂,掌握以下方法即可。 英语四级段落翻译技巧1. 增词 为了充分传达原文含义,必须增补词语,以求达意. 北京是中国的政治、文化中心。这里你可以游览万里长城、故宫、颐和园等。 Beijing is a political and cultural center that offers some scenic attractions: the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace etc. 我不觉得用英语与外国人交谈有什么困难。 I don’t think it difficult to speak to a foreigner in English. 虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes on lag behind. 英语四级段落翻译技巧2. 减词: 汉语喜欢重复,英语崇尚简洁。汉语的重复作为一种修辞手段有两种作用。一是为了强调,重复表达一个意思,或增添修饰语,加强语气。二是为了便于词语搭配,或平衡节奏,增加可读性。这些在汉语里习以为常的重复词语或句式,到了英语里要么不合逻辑,要么累赘冗长。所以翻译时都要有所删减省略。 这是革命的春天,这是人民的春天,这是科学的春天!让我们张开双臂,热烈拥抱这个春天吧! Let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science. 见到自己的故乡,他想起了童年的情景。 The sight of his native place called back his childhood. 他连续讲了两小时的法语,没有出现任何错误。 He has been speaking in French for two hours without any mistakes. 长嗟短叹 -- sighing deeply 发号施令-- issue orders 土崩瓦解-- fall apart 两面三刀-- two-faced tactics 英语四级段落翻译技巧3. 词类转换 词类变形和转换,是英语语言的一个很重要的特点,尤其是名词、动词、形容词这三种最主要的词类。 eg. 他的演讲给我们的印象很深。 His speech impressed us deeply.(名词变动词) eg. 你说他傻不傻? Don’t you think he is an idiot (形容词变名词) 英语四级段落翻译技巧4. 语态转换 在英汉两种语言当中都有主动和被动两种语态。在英语中被动语态的使用频率要远远高于汉语。如果一味按照汉语原句的语态来翻译,会使译文显得十分别扭。 这个小男孩在放学回家的路上受了伤 。 The little boy was hurt on his way home from school. 门锁好了。 The door has been locked up. 新教材在印刷中。 New textbooks are being printed. 英语四级段落翻译技巧5. 分译 & 合译(按内容层次分译) 分译: 需要分译的句子多数是长句,或者是结构复杂的复句。这种句子如果译成一个长句,就会使译文冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚,也不符合英文习惯。如果采用分译,则会使译文简洁、易懂、层次分明。 少年是一去不复返的,等到精力衰竭时,要做学问也来不及了。 Youth will soon be gone, never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years. 她隔窗望去,突然发现有只小船停泊在河边,船里有位船夫睡得正香。 Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep. 合译: 相较于汉语而言,英语长句多,因此在翻译中,要把汉语的两个或多个句子合译为英语的一句,使译文紧凑、简练。 对我来说,我的水族箱就像我自己的一个小王国。我就是里面的国王。 To me my aquarium is like my own little kingdom where I am king. 第二天,我又接到一个电报。这个电报有34个字,比前一个电报说得更详细。 The following day I received another telegram consisting of 34 ciphers, giving more details. 英语四级段落翻译技巧6. 正、反表达翻译 I.汉语从反面表达,译文从正面表达 他提出的论据相当不充实。 The argument he put forward is pretty thin. 他七十岁了,可是并不显老。 He was 70, but he carried his years lightly. II.汉语从正面表达,译文从反面表达 她来得正是时候。 She couldn’t have come at a better time. 对于汉译英,你越细心越好。 You can never be too careful about Chinese-English translation. 英语四级段落翻译技巧7.变序 从译文的行文上考虑,有时需要对原文的词序作一番调整,以适应英文的修辞习惯,或者为了避免因结构而产生的歧义。 例:到西安你可以买兵马俑、唐三彩。 Unique local creations are available in Xi’an, such as the three colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty and terra-cotta figures. (“兵马俑”和“唐三彩”在译文中变换了位置,是为了避免”of the Tang Dynasty”在结构上产生歧义。)
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