圣经中英文双语版

这些说法常常出现在英语口头和书面表达中，有些的意思你可能已经清楚，但是其中的 典故 你知道吗?接下来，我给大家准备了常见的15个英文典故双语,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

常见的15个英文典故双语

柏拉图式爱情

Platonic Love

柏拉图(公元前427～公元前347)，古希腊著名哲学家。苏格拉底的学生，亚里士多德的老师。

其哲学思想对唯心主义在西方的发展影响极大，代表作有《理想国》、《法律》等。

他主张人的绝对精神，而忽视肉体感受。“柏拉图婚姻”即是没有肉体性欲，而是绝对精神的男女爱恋。

诺亚方舟

Noah’s Ark

出自《圣经》。

上帝对人类所犯下的罪孽非常忧虑，决定用洪水消灭人类。而诺亚是个正直的人，上帝吩咐他造船避灾。经过40个昼夜的洪水，除诺亚一家和部分动物外，其他生物都被洪水吞没了。

后来人们常用此语比喻灾难中的避难所或救星。

滑铁卢

Waterloo

1815年，在比利时的滑铁卢，拿破仑率领法军与英国、普鲁士联军展开激战，法军惨败。随后，拿破仑以退位结束了其政治生涯。

因此，“滑铁卢”常常被用来比喻惨痛的失败。

第二十二条军规

Catch-22

本是名著《第二十二条军规》的书名，作者为英国的约瑟夫·海勒。

军规规定：面临真正的、迫在眉睫的危险时，对自身安全表示关注，乃是头脑理性活动的结果;如果你认为你疯了，可以允许你停止飞行，只要你提出请求就行。可是你一提出请求，就证明你不是疯子，就得继续飞行。

此语常用来比喻圈套、枷锁等。它虽 看不见，摸不着，但却无处不在，无所不包。自相矛盾的一套诡辩逻辑，任何人也逃不出它的手心。

皮格马利翁效应

Pygmalion Effect

皮格马利翁是古希腊神话中的塞浦路斯国王，善 雕刻 。

一次他雕刻了一座美丽的少女像，在夜以继日的工作中，皮格马利翁把全部的精力，全部的热情，全部的爱恋都赋予了这座雕像。

后来，爱神阿佛洛狄忒见他感情真挚，就给雕像以生命，使两人结为夫妻。

于是“皮格马利翁效应”成为一个人只要对艺术对象有着执著的追求精神，便会发生艺术感应的代名词。

缪斯

Muse

缪斯是希腊神话中九位文艺和科学女神的通称。她们均为主神和记忆女神之女。

她们以音乐和诗歌之神阿波罗为首领，分别掌管着历史、悲剧、喜剧、抒情诗、舞蹈、史诗、爱情诗、颂歌和天文。

古希腊的诗人、歌手都向缪斯祷告，祈求灵感。后来，人们就用“缪斯”来比喻文学、写作和灵感等。

斯芬克司之谜

Riddle of the Sphinx

斯芬克司是希腊神话中以隐谜害人的怪物，埃及最大的胡夫金字塔前的狮身人面怪兽就是她。

她给俄狄浦斯出的问题是：什么东西早晨用四只脚走路，中午用两只脚走路，傍晚用三只脚走路?

俄狄浦斯回答：是人。在生命的早晨，他是个孩子，用两手两脚在地上爬行;到了生命的中午，他变成壮年，只用两条腿走路;到了生命的傍晚，他年老体衰，必须借助拐杖走路，所以被称为三只脚。俄狄浦斯答对了，斯芬克司羞愧坠崖而死。

“斯芬克司之谜”常被用来比喻复杂、神秘、难以理解 的问题。

犹大的亲吻

Judas Kiss

犹大是《圣经》中耶稣基督的亲信子弟12门徒之一。

耶稣传布新道虽然受到了百姓的拥护，却引起犹太教长老司祭们的仇恨。他们用30个银币收买了犹大，要他帮助辨认出耶稣。他们到客马尼园抓耶稣时，犹大假装请安，拥抱和亲吻耶稣。耶稣随即被捕，后被钉死在十字架上。

人们用“犹大的亲吻”比喻可耻的叛卖行为。

象牙塔

Ivory Tower

出自19世纪法国诗人、文艺批评家圣佩韦·查理·奥古斯丁的书函《致维尔曼》。

奥古斯丁批评同时代的法国作家维尼作品中的悲观消极情绪，主张作家从庸俗的资产阶级现实中超脱出来，进入一种主观幻想的艺术天地——象牙之塔。于是“象牙塔”就被用来比喻与世隔绝的梦幻境地。现在也有人把大学说成是“象牙塔 ”。

硅谷

Silicon Valley

旧金山往南，从帕洛河尔托到圣何塞，有一条30英里长、10英里宽的地带，这就是闻名世界的“硅谷”。

这里聚集着“惠普、英特尔、苹果”等数以千计的微电子工业和其他高技术企业，成为信息社会的发祥地。

1981年第一台个人电脑问世以来，从286、386、486一直到“奔腾”(pentium,586)，都是在这里酝酿和诞生的。用“硅”制成的半导体芯片是微电子工业的基本产品。因此，1971年《微电子新闻》开始称这个地带为“硅谷”。

这里是美国第九个最大的制造业中心，是美国经济增长最快、最富裕的地区，这里有博士6000多人。可是见不到一个烟囱，听不到一点机器的声响，它不像人们习惯理解的工业区，倒像是一个大花园。以至“硅谷”已成了最新最尖端技术、信息产地的代名词。

达摩克利斯剑

The Sword of Damocles

达摩克利斯是希腊神话中暴君迪奥尼修斯的宠臣，他常说帝王多福，以取悦帝王。

有一次，迪奥尼修斯让他坐在帝.王的宝座上，头项上挂着一把仅用一根马鬃系着的利剑，以此告诉他，虽然身在宝座，利剑却随时可能掉下来。帝王并不多福，而是时刻存在着忧患。

人们常用这一典故来比喻随时可能发生的潜在危机。

鳄鱼的眼泪

Crocode tears

西方 传说 ，鳄鱼捕到猎物时，一边贪婪地吞噬，一边假惺惺地流泪。

因此，“鳄鱼的眼泪”常喻指虚假的眼泪，伪装的同情。

后又被引申为一面伤害别人，一面装出悲天悯人的阴险狡诈之徒。

山姆大叔

Uncle Sam

山姆大叔是美国的绰号，1812年美英战争时期，纽约州一位诚实能干的肉类包装商被人们亲切地称为“山姆大叔”。

他担任纽约州和新泽西州的军需检验员，负责在供应军队的牛肉桶和酒桶上打戳。人们发现该厂的牛肉桶上都盖有E.A—U.S.标记。本来，E.A是一个军火承包商的名字，U.S是美国的缩写。碰巧山姆大叔(UndeSam)的缩写与美国的缩写(U.S)相同，人们就管美国叫“山姆大叔”。

美国人把“山姆大叔”诚实可靠、吃苦耐劳以及爱国主义精神视为民族的骄傲和共有的品质。1961年，美国国会正式承认“山姆大叔”为美国的民族象征。

潘多拉的盒子

Pandora’s Box

潘多拉是希腊神话中第一个尘世女子。

普罗米修斯盗天火给人间后，主神宙斯为惩罚人类，命令神用黏土塑成一个年轻美貌、虚伪狡诈的姑娘，取名“潘多拉”，意为“具有一切天赋的女人”。并给了她一个礼盒，然后将她许配给普罗米修斯的弟弟埃庇米修斯(意为“后知”)。

埃庇米修斯不顾禁忌地接过礼盒，潘多拉趁机 打开它，于是各种恶习、灾难、疾病和战争等立即从里面飞出来了。盒子里只剩下唯一美好的东西：希望。但希望还没来得及飞出来，潘多拉就将盒子永远地关上 了。

故此“潘多拉的盒子”常被用来比喻造成灾害的根源。

多米诺骨牌

Dominoes

是一种西洋游戏。

将许多长方形的骨牌竖立排列成行，轻轻推倒第一张牌后，其余骨牌将依次纷纷倒下。

用于比喻时，“多米诺骨牌效应”常指一系列的连锁反应，即等同于人们所说的“牵一发而动全身”之意。 相关 文章 ：

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Christmas The Feast of Christmas It is not easy to pin-point the origins of the Christmas feast, today the more important feast of the Christmas season in most western Christian churches. One can only say for certain that the birth of Jesus Christ was being celebrated in Rome by the year 336 A.D.; afterwards the feast was celebrated in other Christian churches throughout the world. Why it was celebrated on December 25th is another question. No date for the birth of Jesus can be found in the New Testament, which is concerned more with the question "Who is Jesus?" than the date of his birth. Early Christian speculation about his birth date was influenced by the symbolism of the changing seasons, then popular in religious thought, which paid careful attention to the equinoxes and solstices of the sun. Christian scholars speculated that Jesus was conceived at the spring equinox (March 25th) and therefore was born on December 25th, the date of the winter solstice. In many of the Christian churches, March 25th is still the Feast of the Annunciation, when the Angel Gabriel announced to Mary that she was to be the mother of Jesus. Possible impluse for the feast of Christmas may have came too from the establishment of the pagan feast of the "Unconquered Sun-God" by the Emperor Aurelian in 274 A.D. to be celebrated on December 25, the day of the winter solstice in Rome and throughout the empire. In response, Christians could celebrate the feast of the "Sun of righteousness" (Malachi 4,2), Jesus Christ, who called himself " the light of the world." Father Christmas It is said that in the year of 300 AD, there was a kind old man and his name was Saint Nicholas. He was always ready to help the poor and often gave presents to them. Today, Father Christmas is an imaginary figure, but nearly all young children believe in him. They think he is a happy old man with a long white beard and a long red robe. On the night of the twenty-fourth of December every year, Father Christmas from some cold northern land comes down the chimney of the fireplace to put presents by the beds of children or to fill their stockings. So when children go to bed that night, they hang up their stockings, and on Christmas morning they wake to find them full of presents. Of course, it's really their parents who fill the stockings. Another name for Father Christmas is Santa Claus. 参考资料：chq0621 回答者：木原正树 - 大魔法师 九级 10-7 09:04 这篇不难的，可以参考：）~ For today's Christian, the origin of Christmas is, and should be, the birth of Jesus Christ as recorded in the Bible. Nothing more and nothing less. However, most of what we witness on December 25th each year has absolutely nothing to do with that blessed day, which probably occurred in late summer or early fall about 2,000 years ago. In fact, most of the customs and traditions of Christmas actually pre-date the birth of Jesus, and many of them are downright deceptive in their meaning and origin. Anyway, who cares when Christ was born? Christmas Day,the 25th of December,is the biggest festival(节日)celebrated in the Christian countries of the world.Although everyone enjoys Christmas Day,it is particularly enjoyed by children,who get very excited because of the presents they know they are going to receive.Small children believe that their presents are brought by Father Christmas(圣诞老人).Father Christmas is a kind of old man who,the children are told,lives at the North Pole.He travels through the sky on a sleigh(雪撬) which is pulled by reindeers(驯鹿) and loaded with(装满) presents.Stopping on the roof of houses,he enters by climbing the chimney(烟囱).When small children go to bed on Christmas Eve,they hang a stocking at the end of their beds.Their parents warn them not to try to look at Father Christmas,or he will not leave them anything.When they wake,they find their stockings filled with presents.Children are very excited on Christmas morning and always wake up early. Christmas is also a family celebration.As any members of the family as possible gather to eat,play party games and watch the special Christmas programmes on TV. 回答者： 13760551 - 进士出身 八级 10-7 09:07 People send each other cards and give gifts to their families and friends. In homes and in stores, evergreen trees glitter with colorful lights and ornaments. Children look forward to seeing a jolly, white-bearded man in a red suit named Santa Claus. It all can mean just one thing: It’s the season of Christmas, a holiday celebrated every year on December 25. WHAT IS CHRISTMAS? Christmas is a Christian holiday. It commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ more than 2,000 years ago. Christian churches hold religious services to celebrate Christmas. At midnight on Christmas Eve, most churches hold special candlelight services. But Christmas is also a social and family holiday. It is a festival of goodwill, a time for family, friends, food, and gift-giving. Many Americans share Christmas cookies, decorate their homes, and place presents under the family Christmas tree. Children often hang up stockings for Santa Claus to fill with small gifts. According to tradition, Santa arrives on a sleigh pulled by reindeer. Presents are usually opened on Christmas Eve or Christmas Day. THE STORY OF CHRIST’S BIRTH The story of Christ’s birth comes mainly from the New Testament of the Bible, a holy book of Christianity. According to the Bible, Joseph and his wife, Mary, traveled from Nazareth to the town of Bethlehem. The town’s inn had no room for them, even though Mary was expecting a child. Her baby was born in a stable and placed in a manger, a criblike holder for animal feed. In the fields near Bethlehem, an angel appeared before shepherds who were guarding their flocks. The angel told the shepherds that a holy child named Jesus Christ had been born. Other angels appeared and sang. After the angels had gone, the shepherds went to Bethlehem to see the child. Three Wise Men came from the east looking for a newborn king. They followed a bright, guiding star called the Star of Bethlehem. It led them to Christ in the manger. There, they knelt in worship before the baby Jesus and gave him gifts. TWELVE DAYS OF CHRISTMAS The official Christmas season is popularly known as the Twelve Days of Christmas. It extends from the anniversary of Christ’s birth on December 25 to the feast of Epiphany on January 6. The Epiphany honors Jesus’ baptism and the arrival of the Three Wise Men in Bethlehem. THE ROOTS OF CHRISTMAS No one knows exactly when Jesus Christ was born. For many years, local Christian churches celebrated Christ’s birth at different times. Then, in the ad 300s, the Roman Catholic Church set the birth date at December 25. At that time, older non-Christian festivals were celebrated around Christmas. The Romans celebrated Saturnalia, a festival honoring their god of harvest and god of light. Other Europeans held festivals in mid-December marking the end of the harvest season. The Roman Catholic Church probably chose December 25 to give a Christian meaning to these older festivals. The Orthodox Church, the Christian church in the east, also began using December 25 as the birth date of Jesus. But the Orthodox Church places more importance on celebrating Jesus’ baptism on January 6. CHRISTMAS GIFTS The custom of exchanging gifts at Christmas comes from the ancient Romans. During Saturnalia, the Romans exchanged tokens of good luck. Later, it became customary for Romans to exchange more valuable gifts, such as clothes or jewelry. The Biblical story of the Three Wise Men who presented gifts to baby Jesus also shaped this Christmas custom. CHRISTMAS TREES The tradition of the Christmas tree came to North America from Germany. Long ago, Germans began decorating evergreen trees in their homes at Christmas. They trimmed their trees with fruits, cookies, and lighted candles. German immigrants to the United States brought this custom with them in the 1800s. Before Christian times, ancient people used evergreens for decoration and religious ceremonies. Because evergreens do not die in the winter, they came to symbolize eternal life. STAR OF BETHLEHEM The Star of Bethlehem is one of the oldest symbols of Christmas. A star traditionally sits atop Christmas trees. Stars are used for many other Christmas decorations, too. CHRISTMAS LIGHTS Lighted candles have always been a part of Christmas celebrations. The candles represent Jesus Christ, who the Bible calls “the light of the world.” Today, most people decorate their homes and yards with electric lights in place of candles. MISTLETOE AND HOLLY The custom of decorating with mistletoe at Christmastime dates to the Romans. They thought of mistletoe as a symbol of peace. They believed enemies would resolve their differences when they met beneath it. The Christmas custom of kissing under the mistletoe is thought to come from this ancient belief. Holly, too, is a popular Christmas decoration. Its sharp, pointed leaves are considered a symbol of Christ’s crown of thorns. Christ wore the crown when he was crucified (nailed to a cross). CHRISTMAS AROUND THE WORLD Each part of the world has its own Christmas traditions. In many countries, gifts are exchanged on January 6 to mark the Epiphany. On January 5, the eve of the Epiphany, children in Spain leave grain in their shoes for the Wise Men’s camels. The next morning, they find small gifts in place of the grain. In Mexico, singing children parade from house to house in a tradition called posadas. They ask for shelter, like Mary and Joseph in Bethlehem before Jesus’ birth. The children are turned away at many doors before they are finally invited in. Then, everyone enjoys a large meal, singing, and dancing. In the southern part of the world, in places like Australia, Christmas arrives in summer. Australians often celebrate Christmas with a beach picnic! And Santa’s sleigh is said to be pulled by eight kangaroos! 还有: 12月25日，是基督教徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子，称为圣诞 节。 从12月24日于翌年1月6日为圣诞节节期。节日期间，各 国基督教徒都举行隆重的纪念仪式。圣诞节本来是基督教徒 的节日，由于人们格外重视，它便成为一个全民性的节日， 是西方国家一年中最盛大的节日，可以和新年相提并论，类 似我国过春节。 西方人以红、绿、白三色为圣诞色，圣诞节来临时家家户户都要用圣诞色来装饰。红 色的有圣诞花和圣诞蜡烛。绿色的是圣诞树。它是圣诞节的主要装饰品，用砍伐来的杉、 柏一类呈塔形的常青树装饰而成。上面悬挂着五颜六色的彩灯、礼物和纸花，还点燃着圣 诞蜡烛。 红色与白色相映成趣的是圣诞老人，他是圣诞节活动中最受欢迎的人物。西方儿童在 圣诞夜临睡之前，要在壁炉前或枕头旁放上一只袜子，等候圣诞老人在他们入睡后把礼物 放在袜子内。在西方，扮演圣诞老人也是一种习俗。 圣 诞 的 由 来 圣诞节的由来耶稣的生日究竞是哪一天，其实早无据可查。为什么 要把12月25日定为圣诞节呢？这是在5世纪中叶由教会规定的。公元354 年，在“菲洛卡连”日历中第一次写明12月25日是耶稣的生日，到5世 纪西方普遍接受了这个日期为圣诞节。 圣诞树 据称，圣诞树最早出现在古罗马12月中旬的农神节，德国传教士尼古斯在公元8世纪 用纵树供奉圣婴。随后，德国人把12月24日作为亚当和夏娃的节日，在家放上象征伊甸园 的“乐园树”，上挂代表圣饼的小甜饼，象征赎罪；还点上蜡烛，象征基督。 到16世纪，宗教改革者马丁.路德，为求得一个满天星斗的圣诞之夜，设计出在家中布 置一颗装着蜡烛的圣诞树。不过，西方关于圣诞树的来历流行着另一种说法：有个善良的 农民，在圣诞节那天，热情地招待了一名流浪的孩子，临别时，孩子折下一树枝插在地上 树枝立即长成大树，孩子指着这树对农民说，每年今日，树上都长满礼物，以报答你们的 盛情。所以，今天人们所见的圣诞树上总是挂满了小礼物。 .荷斯利设计的。卡片上画的是一个贵族家庭，三代人一齐举杯对一位不在场的亲友表示祝 贺。当时他印了1000张，没有用完的印刷厂就以每张1先令的价钱卖出。圣诞卡就这样诞生 了。 圣诞歌 长期以来，一直流行的圣诞歌主要有三个，一个是《平安夜》；一个是《听，天使报 佳音》；第三个是《铃铛儿响叮当》。 圣诞老人 圣诞老人原指公元4世纪时小亚细亚专区 的主教尼古拉，他因和蔼可亲 慷慨济贫万里闻名。到了6世纪，东方把他尊称为圣尼古拉。由于民间有关尼 古拉的传说中，都联系到少年儿童和礼物，从此，圣诞老人便成为专门在圣 诞节向孩子们送礼物的慈祥老人的形象。到了18世纪，通过文学和绘画，圣 诞老人逐渐成为身穿红外衣的白胡子、白眉毛老人形象。 圣诞卡 世界上第一张圣诞卡是1843年英国人亨利.高乐爵士提议，由约翰.卡尔葛 圣诞礼物 据《圣经》记载，来自东方的圣人在耶稣降生的时候赠送礼物，这就是圣诞老人为儿 童赠送礼品习俗的由来。英国少年儿童在圣诞前夕把长统袜子放在壁炉旁，相信圣诞老人 在夜里会从大烟囱下来，给他们带来满袜子的礼物。法国的少年儿童把鞋放在门口，让“ 圣婴来时把礼物放在鞋里面。” 圣诞大餐 正像中国人过春节吃年饭一样，欧美人过圣诞节也很注重全家人围坐在圣诞树下，共 进节日美餐。 圣诞大餐吃火鸡的习俗始于1620年。这种风俗盛于美国。英国人的圣诞大餐是烤鹅， 而非火鸡。奥大利人爱在平安夜里，全家老小约上亲友成群结队地到餐馆去吃一顿圣诞大 餐，其中，火鸡、腊鸡、烧牛仔肉和猪腿必不可少，同时伴以名酒，吃得大家欢天喜地。 “圣诞节”这个名称是“基督弥撒”的缩写。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。耶诞节是一个宗教节。我们把它当作耶苏的诞辰来庆祝，因而又名耶诞节。这一天，世界所有的基督教会都举行特别的礼拜仪式。但是有很多圣诞节的欢庆活动和宗教并无半点关联。交换礼物，寄圣诞卡，这都使圣诞节成为一个普天同庆的日子。 圣诞节是基督教世界最大的节日。4世纪初，1月6日是罗马帝国东部各教会纪念那稣降生和受洗的双重节日、称为“主显节”Epiphany，亦称“显现节”即上帝通过那稣向世人显示自己。当时只有那路拉冷的教会例外，那里只纪念耶稣的诞生而不纪念那稣的受洗。后来历史学家们在罗马基督徒习用的日历中发现公元 354年12月25日页内记录着：“基督降生在犹大的伯利恒。”经过研究，一般认为12月25日伴为圣诞节可能开始于公元336年的罗马教会）约在公元375年传到小亚细亚的安提阿，公元 430年传到埃及的亚历山大里亚，那路撒冷的教会接受得最晚，而亚美尼亚的教会则仍然坚持1月6日主显节是那稣的诞辰。12月25日原来是波斯太阳神（即光明之神）密特拉（Mithra）的诞辰，是一个异教徒节日，同时太阳神也是罗马国教众神之一。这一天又是罗马历书的冬至节，崇拜太阳神的异教徒都把这一天当作春天的希望，万物复苏的开始。可能由于这个原因，罗马教会才选择这一天作为圣诞节。这是教会初期力图把异教徒的风俗习惯基督教化的措施之一。后来，虽然大多数教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节，但又固各地教会使用的历书不同，具体日期不能统一，于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期（Christmas Tide），各地教会可以根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节。自从12月25日被大多数教会公认为圣诞节后，原来1月6日的主显节就只纪念耶稣受洗了，但天主教会又把1月6日定为“三王来朝节”，以纪念耶稣生时东方三王（即三位博士）来朝拜的故事。随着基督教的广泛传播，圣诞节已成为各教派基督徒，甚至广大非基督徒群众的一个重要节日。在欧美许多国家里，人们非常重视这个节日，把它和新年连在一起，而庆祝活动之热闹与隆重大大超过了新年，成为一个全民的节日。12月25日的主要纪念活动都与那稣降生的传说有关。 耶苏的出生是有一段故事的，耶苏是因着圣灵成孕，由童女马利亚所生的。神更派遣使者加伯列在梦中晓谕约瑟，叫他不要因为马利亚未婚怀孕而不要她，反而要与她成亲，把那孩子起名为“耶苏”，意思是要他把百姓从罪恶中救出来。 当马利亚快要临盆的时候，罗马政府下了命令，全部人民到伯利恒务必申报户籍。约瑟和马利亚只好遵命。他们到达伯利恒时，天色已昏，无奈两人未能找到旅馆渡宿，只有一个马棚可以暂住。就在这时，耶苏要出生了！於是马利亚唯有在马槽上，生下耶苏。后人为纪念耶苏的诞生，便定十二月二十五为圣诞节，年年望弥撒，纪念耶苏的出世。 圣诞节便是於十二月二十五日纪念耶苏的诞生，但真实的诞生日就没有人知道了。十九世纪，圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现，圣诞节也开始流行起来了。

圣诞节的来历 每年12月25日是全世界大多数基督徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子。 教会开始并无圣诞节，约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有。据说：第一个圣诞节是在公元138年，由罗马主教圣克里门倡议举行。而教会史载第一个圣诞节则在公元336年。由于圣经未明记耶稣生于何时，故各地圣诞节日期各异。直到公元440年，才由罗马教廷定12月 25日为圣诞节。公元1607年，世界各地教会领袖在伯利恒聚会，进一步予以确定，从此世界大多数的基督徒均以12月25日为圣诞节。十九世纪，圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现，圣诞节也开始流行起来了。 由于圣经记载耶稣生于夜间，故传统称12月24日夜为“圣诞夜”或“平安夜”。 圣诞节的来历 ( 12月25日的圣诞节是庆祝基督教创始人耶稣基督生日的日子，是西方国家最大、人们最喜爱的节日。 据基督教徒的圣书《圣经》记载，上帝决定让他的独生子耶稣基督投生人间，找个母亲，然后就在人间生活，以便人们能更好地了解上帝、学习热爱上帝和更好地相互热爱。“圣诞节”的意思是“庆祝基督”，庆祝一个年轻的犹太妇女玛丽娅生下耶稣的时刻。 《圣经》记载，玛丽娅和木匠约瑟夫订了婚。可是，在他们同居之前，约瑟夫发现玛丽娅已怀孕。因为约瑟夫是个正派的人，又不想把这件事说出去让她丢脸，所以他想悄悄地和她分手。他正在考虑这事时，上帝的天使出现在他的梦中，对他说，“不要嘀咕了，把玛丽娅娶回家。她怀的孩子来自圣灵。她将生下个男孩子，你们给孩子起名叫耶稣，因为他将从罪恶中拯救人们。” 尽管耶稣的确切生日并不清楚，大约是在2000年前，但是日历按着假定日期把时间分为公元前（耶稣基督诞生前）和公元后。在公元后的头三百年间，耶稣的生日是在不同的日子庆祝的。最后，在公元354年，教堂的领导人把12月25日定为耶稣基督的生日。 圣诞节的来历 圣诞节是基督教世界最大的节日。4世纪初，1月6日是罗马帝国东部各教会纪念耶稣降生和受洗的双重节日、称为“主显节”（亦称“显现节”）即上帝通过耶稣向世人显示自己。当时只有耶路撒冷的教会例外，那里只纪念耶稣的诞生而不纪念耶稣的受洗。后来历史学家们在罗马基督徒习用的日历中发现公元354年12月25日页内记录着：“基督降生在犹大的伯利恒。” 经过研究，一般认为12月25日为圣诞节，可能开始于公元336年的罗马教会，约在公元375年传到小亚细亚的安提阿，公元430年传到埃及的亚历山大里亚，耶路撒冷的教会接受得最晚，而亚美尼亚的教会则仍然坚持1月6日主显节是耶稣的诞辰。 12月25日原来是波斯太阳神（即光明之神）密特拉的诞辰，是一个异教徒节日，同时太阳神也是罗马国教众神之一。这一天又是罗马历书的冬至节，崇拜太阳神的异教徒都把这一天当作春天的希望，万物复苏的开始。可能由于这个原因，罗马教会才选择这一天作为圣诞节。这是教会初期力图把异教徒的风俗习惯基督教化的措施之一。后来，虽然大多数教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节，但又固各地教会使用的历书不同，具体日期不能统一，于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期，各地教会可以根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节。自从12月25日被大多数教会公认为圣诞节后，原来1月6日的主显节就只纪念耶稣受洗了，但天主教会又把1月6日定为“三王来朝节”，以纪念耶稣生时东方三王（即三位博士）来朝拜的故事。 随着基督教的广泛传播，圣诞节已成为各教派基督徒，甚至广大非基督徒群众的一个重要节日。在欧美许多国家里，人们非常重视这个节日，把它和新年连在一起，而庆祝活动之热闹与隆重大大超过了新年，成为一个全民的节日。12月25日的主要纪念活动都与耶稣降生的传说有关。从12月24日于翌年1月6日为圣诞节节期。节日期间，各国基督教徒都举行隆重的纪念仪式。圣诞节本来是基督教徒的节日，由于人们格外重视，它便成为一个全民性的节日，是西方国家一年中最盛大的节日，可以和新年相提并论，类似我国过春节。西方人以红、绿、白三色为圣诞色，圣诞节来临时家家户户都要用圣诞色来装饰。红色的有圣诞花和圣诞蜡烛。绿色的是圣诞树。它是圣诞节的主要装饰品，用砍伐来的杉、柏一类呈塔形的常青树装饰而成，上面悬挂着五颜六色的彩灯、礼物和纸花，还点燃着圣诞蜡烛。红色与白色相映成趣的是圣诞老人，他是圣诞节活动中最受欢迎的人物。西方儿童在圣诞夜临睡之前，要在壁炉前或枕头旁放上一只袜子，等候圣诞老人在他们入睡后把礼物放在袜子内。在西方，扮演圣诞老人也是一种习俗。 Christmas origins Every year on December 25 in the world the majority of Christians commemorate the birth of Jesus day. Christmas did not start the church, about 100 years after Jesus ascended to heaven only. It is said: the first Christmas in the year 138, by the Bishop of Rome, St. Clement held the initiative. The church contains the history of the first Christmas in the year 336 AD. As the next remember not in the Bible when Jesus was born, it is different all over the Christmas period. 440 years until the year before by the Holy See will be in December 25, for Christmas. Year in 1607, church leaders around the world gathered in Bethlehem, to be further identified, from most parts of the world's Christians are on December 25 for Christmas. In the nineteenth century, the popularity of Christmas cards, Santa Claus, Christmas began to pop up. As the Bible records Jesus was born at night, so that the traditional December 24 for the day and night "Christmas" or "Silent Night." Christmas origins ( December 25 Christmas is the founder of the Christian celebration of the birthday of Jesus Christ of the day, the West is the largest and most popular festivals. According to the Christian Holy Book, "the Bible" records, God decided to let his only son Jesus Christ on earth for Health, to find a mother, and then on human life, so that people can better understand God, love of God to learn each other better and love . "Christmas" means "to celebrate Christ," a young Jewish celebration of the birth of Jesus Maria moment. "Bible" records, and Maria carpenter engaged to Joseph. However, in their cohabitation before Joseph Maria had been found pregnant. Because Joseph is a decent, do not want to say that this matter out of her shame, he would like to quietly breaking up with her. He is considering the matter, God's angel appeared in his dream, he said, "Do not whispered, married to Maria home. Huai her children from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a boy, you Children to play by the name of Jesus, because he will save the evil in people. " Although the exact birthday of Jesus is not clear about the year 2000, according to the calendar date of the assumption that the time is divided into BC (before Christ was born) and the year after. In the year after the first 300 years, the birthday of Jesus in a different time of celebration. Finally, in the year 354 AD, the church leaders on December 25 as the birthday of Jesus Christ. Christmas origins Christmas is the world's largest Christian festival. 4, the beginning of the century, January 6 is the Roman Empire in the eastern church to commemorate the birth of Jesus baptized and the double festival, known as "Epiphany" (also known as "Epiphany") that is God through Jesus show the world their own. At that time only exception to the Church of Jerusalem, where only the commemoration of the birth of Jesus rather than to commemorate the baptism of Jesus. Later historians to study in Rome with the Christian calendar in the year 354 AD was found Dec. 25 inside pages of records: "The birth of Christ in Bethlehem of Judea." After research, is generally believed that on December 25 for Christmas, may be the beginning of the year in the 336 years of the Church of Rome, about AD 375 in Asia Minor spread of Antioch, 430 AD in Alexandria in Egypt reached, the Church of Jerusalem Have to accept the latest, and the Armenian Church still adhere to the January 6 Epiphany is the birth of Jesus. Dec. 25 is the original Persian Apollo (the god of light) Mitra's birthday, is a pagan holiday at the same time Apollo Rome is the state religion of the gods. Rome is also the day of the calendar section of the winter solstice, the pagan sun god worship of all this day as the spring of hope, the beginning of the recovery of all things. May be due to this reason, the Church of Rome was chosen as Christmas day. This is the church tried in the early Christian and pagan customs and habits of one of the measures. Later, though most of the church accepted on December 25 for Christmas, but solid all over the use of the church calendar, the exact date can not be unified, so they Dec. 24 to the second year on January 6 as Christmas Steadily, according to local churches around the specific circumstances during this period of the festival to celebrate Christmas. Since December 25 was recognized as the majority of the church after Christmas, the original January 6 Epiphany of the only commemoration of the baptism of Jesus, but also the Catholic Church on January 6 as the "three to Wang Chao's Day" to commemorate the Jesus of Health when the East King III (that is, three doctoral) to the story of worship. With the wide dissemination of the Christian, Christmas has become all Christian denominations, and even non-Christians, the majority of the masses is an important holiday. Many countries in Europe and the United States, people attach great importance to the festival, and it linked to the New Year, and the celebration of the lively and well over a grand New Year, a festival of all the people. Dec. 25 The main activities are related to the legend of the birth of Jesus. From December 24 to January 6 next year for the Christmas holiday season. During the festival, Christians have held a grand ceremony. Christmas is a Christian holiday, as people paid special attention, it has become a universal holiday, the West is the year's biggest holiday, New Year and in the same breath, similar to our country over the Spring Festival. Westerners in red, green, white color for Christmas, Christmas comes every household used to decorate Christmas colors. There are red Christmas flowers and candles for Christmas. Green is the Christmas tree. It is the main Christmas decoration, to cut down the cedar, a class of Parkinson's pyramid was the evergreen decorations from the top, colorful hanging lanterns, paper flowers and gifts, but also lit a candle for Christmas. Xiangyingchengqu the red and white Santa Claus, Christmas activities, he is the most popular figures. Lin Shui children in the West before Christmas Eve, in the fireplace or put a pillow next to the socks, waiting for Santa Claus in their sleep after a gift of socks on the inside. In the West, play Santa Claus is also a custom.

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