2000字英文版论文

Agricultural engineering in the development of the industrialized countries. Western countries in its modernization process, is marked by the industrial revolution. Since the development of engineering technology, the modernization of agriculture has played an important role. Advanced engineering technology with biotechnology and the development of agronomic, formed in today's agricultural engineering. The United States, Canada's agriculture Institution of Engineers, the European Institute of International Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University agricultural engineering professional settings, agricultural engineering and science and technology are developed signs. It is precisely because of agricultural engineering science and technology is highly developed, the United States, Canada can use 3% of the agricultural population to feed 97 percent of nationals and a large number of agricultural exports; only to Israel, the Netherlands this extremely resource-poor countries living in developed countries agriculture forefront. China is a traditional agricultural country, the development of modern engineering technology compared to the history of agriculture is very short one. Over the years the introduction of the tractor and harvester for the representatives of agricultural machinery, since reform and opening up development of the agricultural engineering to China's agriculture has had a major impact. For example, the biological sciences and environmental engineering facilities in agricultural technology, in particular progress in the development of solar greenhouse is to address the large and medium cities in the winter Qicai problem of a significant role in the city basket of key technology projects. Turn of the century, China's agriculture is facing challenges and changes. China's agriculture faces the challenge of world scientific and technological revolution. International biotechnology scored a major breakthrough, high-quality, high yield, high adaptability of species nurtured, will enable the development of the agricultural produce qualitative leap. The extensive application of information technology into agricultural research, production and management in various fields, which will greatly enhance agricultural production efficiency. China's agriculture to face turning point. China's national conditions is so densely populated, for a long time, China's agriculture is traditional agriculture. Reform and opening up, have great potential for developing agriculture, on the one hand ensure that food production is still an important task for agriculture, on the other hand, as a result of successive bumper agricultural products in 1997 from a seller's market to a buyer's market, not only Mailiangnan, other agricultural products such as fruit also difficult to sell. Agricultural production from a single resource-based to resource constraints, the dual constraints of the market. Crossing the difficulties, we must readjust the agricultural structure, improving the quality of agricultural products, and take high-quality, efficient roads, must examine storage, preservation, processing technology, market research, and take the road of industrialization. Agricultural industrialization and modernization of agricultural engineering depends on the development of science and technology. "Technology agriculture" so that agriculture out of its predicament is one of the key research and promote reliable and practical agricultural engineering technology. China's agriculture will be in engineering science and engineering technology, biotechnology development on the basis of development. The agricultural project is not on the basis of the scope of discussion of the magazine, the paper on the current study to promote agricultural engineering technology to be introduced. 1. Agricultural mechanization wheat harvesting season is the rainy season, with the harvest season by rush Chengzhong is to ensure that the important measures. Although wheat harvesting mechanization be a very good development, but the quality and service issues need to be addressed. Agricultural machinery, in particular the harvest machinery, large investment and the use of short duration. Farmers generally difficult to bear. Agricultural machinery of the social services system to be perfect. Rice is the main food crops. Rice accounted for 40 per cent of total grain output, the total area under cultivation area of 30%. Low level of mechanization of rice production, and labor intensity. Rice production mechanization long way to go. Cotton harvesting machinery is the problem. In the cotton harvest season, tens of thousands of people to the mainland in Xinjiang cotton picker. Harvest cotton production constraints become one of the important factors. Maize harvesting machinery has yet to be developed. State is currently implementing its "Seed Industry Project", will be implemented for the kind of unity. Sets seed processing machinery: dry cleaning, grading, packaging, coated and there will be a huge market. 2. Facilities agricultural facilities agriculture is to achieve high yield, high quality and efficiency of the important measures is the "food basket project" the key technology. The increase in greenhouse design standards, the introduction of modern greenhouse technology to adapt to different parts of different levels of economic development and control technology hardware and software needs are yet to be developed. Greenhouse cultivation, pest and disease control technologies need to be studied. Aquaculture facilities and equipment, such as high-density indoor fish farming on the environment and water quality control technology and equipment also made higher requirements. 3. Soil and water project China has 50 percent of the arable land in the arid and semi-arid areas, little or no irrigation. Dryland agriculture and water-saving agriculture is an important research projects. (1) Dryland Agriculture: Soil Moisture measures in addition to farming, rainwater utilization technological development project has a great potential and China, there are many traditional methods of rainwater utilization, there is a need from biotechnology and engineering technology, both for research. Western Australia are generally for the roof rainwater collection devices, and has also taken into account the collection of runoff water cellar. (2) water-saving irrigation technology: drip irrigation, micro-irrigation, sprinkler irrigation system research and development, a promising market prospect. 4. Agricultural processing food processing and feed production has become the most profitable industries. 1997 fruit unsalable, high-quality juice production will lag behind. Births and postpartum processing is to achieve the production, processing and sales of train is to raise the prices of agricultural products and increase the income of farmers, major initiatives. Currently vegetables brought into the city has not been finishing and cleaning, finishing and cleaning, processing, and reduce transport, reducing waste, which is to increase the income of farmers, effective measures to protect the environment. 5. Land-use land planning project needs new ideas and technology. Sustainable land use is the goal, reserve resources should give full consideration to the development of long-term interests. Basic farmland protection, and is also a basic national policy. Information on the acquisition and project planning techniques set forth new requirements. 6. Rural energy development and environmental protection cities around the poultry farms in the comprehensive utilization of waste disposal and environmental protection is an important measure, process, technology and equipment have yet to be research and development. Rural energy technologies: Firewood forest planting, the provincial firewood stove technology, solar energy, small hydropower, biogas, straw use of technology such as the development, and environmental protection is in order to survive. 7. Information system and remote sensing with the development of China's market economy, linked with the international market of information technology in the development of agriculture will have a significant impact. Networking market prices, market information system is the circulation of infrastructure. The use of remote sensing and GIS technology and communications, monitoring changes in land and agriculture, the country's macro-control level of agricultural production plays an important role. Based on the "S" technology, remote sensing (RS), geographic information systems (RIS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) technology of precision farming techniques, perhaps the next century, the modernization of agriculture signs. 8. China's agricultural engineering education and research of China's agricultural engineering education and research will focus on engineering technology and the combination of biotechnology to meet the needs of the development. China's agriculture projects will not completely to bio-engineering. China's agricultural and biological engineering education project is a parallel development, bio-engineering on biotechnology, agricultural engineering focus on engineering technology, the mutual penetration. Longitudinal the above, the task facing agriculture, construction, ensure that the supply of food and agricultural sustainable development of modern agriculture system. China's agriculture projects in the agricultural, industrial, and is playing an important role in the modernization, but will also play a more important role, especially in the agricultural machinery, water-saving technology, agriculture and industrial facilities agriculture, agricultural products and seed processing, rural energy and environmental protection, information technology and so on. Agricultural engineering education and research facing the transition, and scientific research should be market-oriented staff. China's agricultural engineering education and research will be even more closely with the biotechnology, and agricultural production combined to efficiency. Agricultural engineering science and technology for the development of agriculture and provide a reliable practical technology. As international biotechnology major breakthrough in China's development of the agricultural engineering late start, the turn of the century, China's agricultural engineering science and technology development, will be China's "developing agriculture through science and education" have a positive impact.

The characteristics of the world top 500 enterprises and its enlightenment to Chinese enterprisesA, the definition of us-funded enterprises in the worldWorld us-funded enterprises that adopt diversified business, implement the strategy of globalization, assets, strong, has a large and strong, the core competitiveness of enterprises has significant influence on the development of world economy and stability of the world's leading multinational companies.Second, the world a us-funded enterprise features1) ability to innovateEverything in the world has a production, development and decline of life cycle.Enterprise as economic actors also undergoes a start-up period, rising period, height, decay time and ruin the life course.Enterprise is the key of the length of the life cycle after a start-up period, how to accelerate the rise period, prolong their heyday, the arrival of the postponed its decline period.Product life cycle relative to the enterprise life cycle is short, the enterprise must develop more innovative products of market value, one or several products meet after rising and heyday, when its not yet enter the decline phase, the other one or several products have reached the peak.So interlocking, bobo is connected, the enterprise will be endless.In 2004, in "fortune" the world "of the" top 500 enterprises in the 21st, annual revenues of $80.501 billion of Siemens to reveal a "longevity" enterprise: the secret of technology innovation.After more than a century and a half of the long journey, Siemens technology innovation constantly, constantly develop innovative products, always all is given priority to with invention of technology innovation in the work first, attaches great importance to scientific research and development work, and constantly put scientific research achievements into realistic productivity as soon as possible.Can say, Siemens is the birth and development of enterprises in technological innovation.Technology innovation has become a strong core of the enterprise values, become thick accumulation of enterprise culture, is the source of continuously improve enterprise core competitiveness.2) the implementation of the strategy of differentiationDifferentiation strategy is the product or service provided by enterprises implement differentiation, to establish enterprise something unique in the industry, is to build enterprise core competitive ability.The implementation of differentiation strategy to make the enterprise the management in the industry competition superior and obtain higher returns.Positioning differentiation is to provide customers with unique product and industry competition is very different and super service, by customer requirement and enterprise competence of matching to determine the positioning of the enterprise, as the essence of the differentiation strategy.Porsche as Germany's small and medium-sized automobile company, in a wide variety of automotive industry, only choose sports as main products, with high and new technology to create excellent performance and is famous for its excellent quality, framed with a "technology" to harness the wisdom, roam the motorists customers.Thus formed the unique product positioning, unique customer orientation, unique price positioning, as well as to meet the needs of customers and constant innovation of technology, unique in the world of its own, as the world's largest special automobile manufacturing company, Germany's famous sports car production enterprises, become the model of implementing differentiation strategy.3) the brand advantageThe world famous brand, refers to the world market with outstanding performance, get customer recognition and favor, have a huge effect, with a strong competitive advantage of product brand, trademark and trade name.As the world famous brand, must have the following characteristics: first, has the high international reputation.Second, has the very high international reputation.Third, has great economic value.Fourth, have a high degree of international market share and market globalization.Fifth, brand culture and product has a high degree of international integration.In an increasingly turbulent and changeable market economy, brand has become a winning customer loyalty and enterprise for long-term survival and growth of the key.In 2004, in "fortune" the world ranked 70th in the "top 500" enterprises, the annual business income is 48.318 billion dollars in unilever as the world's top consumer goods manufacturers, in the process of its development, has been successful for more than international brand acquisition operation, and good at would buy local brands promoted to international brand, to become the world's most important soap, LengDongPin, ice cream and tea maker.4) corporate cultureThe connotation of enterprise culture is the core of the enterprise concept, management philosophy, management mode, system of choose and employ persons, all of a code of conduct.One of the most important is the enterprise's core values.It is the enterprise constantly in the process of growth is the result of accumulation and precipitation, induction and abstraction is a key success factor for the company, is engaged in which industry characteristics and the change of external environment and the result of self-criticism, process).Enterprises under the guidance of core values, formed a high-quality, high level and high unity team of professional staff and professional managers.Them in the work atmosphere of mutual appreciation and recognition, technology, innovation, value innovation, create brand, to create excellent benefits, joint efforts for the common value goal, make the enterprise with a strong cohesion and competitiveness, ultimately win the competition, for enterprise survival and development for long.Nokia's success lies in it to find its own core values, and stick to their own core values in the operation, to form the nokia distinctive management thought and business philosophy, to crystallize its corporate culture.5) the core competitivenessEnterprise core competitive ability is the enterprise in the long time development, formed in the process of implication in the essence of enterprise, enterprise unique for enterprise to bring the value of sex, support enterprises in the past, present and future competitive advantage, and internal competition environment for a long time in the enterprise can obtain the active ability of competition.The core of the market competition in the talent, the enterprise should place in the fierce market competition, we must establish a high-quality talent team.Although the core competition ability does not exist and the individual, but the formation of core competence in the final analysis is the knowledge, skills, learning and accumulation.The talent is the carrier of the intellectual resources, therefore, enterprise core competence to a high degree of dependence to talents.In 2004, in "fortune" the world ranked 327th in the "top 500" enterprises, the annual revenue of $15.878 billion in l 'oreal can emerge from Paris many cosmetic industry, out of the France international, successfully sell himself to the world, let l 'oreal name around the world, it has to do with l 'oreal unique "way" of choose and employ persons is a direct relationship.L 'oreal unique talent view of "integrating poet and peasants", attracting talent "global online business strategy competition" approach, attaches great importance to the talent of innovation of science and technology, enable the image spokesperson of interpretations of the concept of fashion products, are based on the concept of "talent is the knowledge capital carrier"Third, China's top 500 with the world top 500With the rapid development of China's economy, Chinese companies are at an unprecedented rate the sprint world 500 strong reclined at the table.In the recently released by the fortune magazine ranked in the top 500 global latest annual, with 500 of the 18 Chinese companies.Sinopec and petrochina at sprint speed kill into the top 50, ranked 31st and 46th respectively.Ranking 46th national grid line upgrade last year, this year ranked 40th.However, compared to the list of top 500 China and the world top 500, schoolwork and the gap still exists obviously jiaotong university.The comparison of the gap on both the pure digital, also include some other deeper gap.待续~~~~