妖娆176991534
祝你学习进步，请及时采纳，多谢！你好： 很乐意帮助你！现在我把本人整理好的资料发给你。主语从句1．主语从句主要有三类：（1）由连词that引导的主语从句。例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。That you are so indifferent bothers me.你如此冷淡使我很烦恼。That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。（2）用连接代词或连接副词Which When Whethe引导的主语从句。例如： Which of them escaped from the prison is stilla mystery.他们哪一个是从监狱里逃跑的，仍然是个谜。When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.他们什么时候来还不知道。Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter toomuch.她来不来都无关紧要。（3）用关系代词引导的主语从句。例如：What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的训练。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这事。Whatever we do is to serve the people.我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。主语从句可以直接放在主语位置上，也可以用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）。例如：That light travels in straight lines is known toall.光沿直线传播，这是众所周知的事。=It is known to all that light travels instraight lines.众所周知光沿直线传播。When the plane is to take off has not beenannounced .飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。= It has not been announced when the plane is totake off.还没有宣布飞机何时起飞。当what引导的主语从句表示“…的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。错:It is a book what he wants.对:What he wants is a book. 他想要的是本书。如果带主语从句的句子是疑问式，则必须用it作形式主语的结构。例如：Has it been settled who will be sent to carryout the task ?谁将被派去执行这项任务决定了吗？ 让步状语从句 表“虽然”、“尽管”、“即使”等概念的从句，叫让步状语从句。 让步状语从句通常由下列连词引导：although(though)（虽然），as（尽管，虽然），even if(though)（即使），however（尽管），whatever（不管）；nomatter (how, what, where, when)（不管（怎样、什么、哪里、何时）），whether…or（不管）。although和though在意义上没有区别，但although语气上要强一些，所以更常用于句首。例如： Although he ispoor, he is honest. 他虽然穷，但是诚实。祝你学习进步，请及时采纳，多谢！
mon也是部长
关于英语语法的主语从句
英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后，系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。以下是我整理的关于英语语法的主语从句，一起来看看吧。
一．主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film. It doesn't interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window.
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧…
(4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)
(4) It doesn't matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如： It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn't matter. (wrong)
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。
例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
1) What you said yesterday is right.
2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
二、定语从句
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
（一） 限定性定语从句
1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置。
2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢。
3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句
6. when引导定语从句表示时间［注］值得一提的是，表示时间“time
7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导。
（二）非限定性定语从句：
非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。
We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
3. 有时as也可用作关系代词
4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.
定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football arefromClass One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.
比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.
如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.
比如: He is the man who has an English book.
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
【拓展】定于从句和宾语从句区分
定语从句
定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
(1)由That引导，(指人或物)，先行词是人或物；
(2)由Who引导，(指人)，先行词是人；
(3)由Which引导，(指物)，先行词是物；
举例说明(1)(2):This is the engineer that/who will give us a talk.
特殊情况：引导词只能用That而不用其他。
<1>被序数词或最高级修饰的先行词后边，只能用That；
e.g:This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.
Xiao Ming is the first forginer that I have know.
<2>先行词是不定代词的必须用That;
注意：定语从句中的谓语动词形式与先行词的人称和数保持一致。（这里所说的数是单数或复数形式要与第几人称一致）
宾语 从 句
宾语从句就是陈述句语序，宾语从句就是由直接引语变为间接引语，或由间接引语变为直接引语。
(1)由That引导（在句子中常被省略）
例：The boy said to this mother “I want to buy a bag.”
这个男孩对他妈妈说，我想买个书包。（直接引语）
The boy told this mother (that) he wanted to a bag.
男孩告诉他的妈妈说，他想买个书包。（间接引语）
直接引语变为间接引语时里的动词会有变化，变化方式：
直接引语————间接引语
一般现在时——一般过去时
现在进行时——过去进行时
现在完成时——过去完成时
一般过去时——过去完成时
过去完成时——过去完成时
一般将来时——过去将来时
二、由If或Whether引导（是不是、是否，If在连接宾语从句时是这个意思；连接条件状语从句时，假如、如果）
例：The teacher asked “do you know his name”.(直接引语)
The teacher asked me if (或Whether)I knew his name.(间接引语)
（注意直接引语变为间接引语动词的时态变化）
特殊情况：只能用Whether,而不能用If。
(1)放在动词不定式前边时：
例：I can't decide whether to buy this pen or that one.
(2)放在介词后边时：
例：I worry about(介词)whether I can pass the exam.
(3)与“or not”连用时：（一般情况这俩词都是句尾）
例：I don't whether I can help you or not.
三、由疑问词引导的直接引语（原句是特殊疑问句）
例：The teacher asked Liu Xiang “What time is it?”(直接引语)
The teacher asked Liu Xiang what time it was.(间接引语)
注意：（时态搭配关系：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据需要可使用任何时态，主句是一般过去时态，从句必须是过去时态中的一种。）
特殊情况：如果宾语从句表示的是一种客观性真理（比如：世界上有一个太阳，有一个地球......）这是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时态的情况下从句仍然是一般现在时态。
If可能连接的是宾语从句也可能是条件状语从句，连的宾语时意思是（是不是；是否）连的是条件状语从句时意思是（假如，如果），连接宾语从句时，时态搭配关系以写出，连接条件状语从句时，主句是一般将来时态，从句是一般现在时态，区分它连的是宾语从句还是条件状语从句，If放在动词后边时，这是连接的宾语从句，其他位置即是条件状语从句。
表语从句
一、何谓“表语”?
说到表语从句，就不得不先说说什么是“表语”。
表语是英语区别于汉语所特有的一种词类，是起表述作用的句子成分：
从形式上讲，它是位于系动词之后的成分;
从含义上讲，它是用来描述主语“是什么或是怎么样”的成分。
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。表语必须和系动词一起构成系表结构，作为句子的复合谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、形容词化的`现在分词或过去分词以及从句来充当。
二、何谓“表语从句”?
当句子的表语由从句来充当时，这个从句就叫做表语从句。
表语从句一般都是位于系动词之后的。
三、表语从句的连接词
常用来引导表语从句的连接词主要有：
that
whether
what/who/whom/whose/which
when/where/why/how及其短语
(一)that
当that引导表语从句时，只起连接作用，不在表语从句中充当任何句子成分。如：
His advice is that we should leave for Shanghai before dawn.
Her plan is that she will call the police first and then try to stop the thieffromrunning away.
【注意】
当名词主语是表示建议、命令、要求等含义(如advice、order、idea、notion、proposal、suggestion、request等)时，其表语从句中的谓语动词一般要采用“should+do”的形式，should可以省略。如：
The officer's order was that all the soldiers (should) never surrender to the enemy.
(二)whether
当表语从句要表达“是否”的含义时，连接词要用whether。如：
His question is whether they can arrive in London on time.
需要注意的是，尽管if也可以表示“是否”的含义，但在表语从句中只能用whether，不能用if。
(三)what/who/whom/whose/which
这些疑问代词如果用来连接表语从句，既起着连接作用，同时又在从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。如：
My concern is what he really expects to getfromus.
Her question is who has broken the glass.
Our dilemma is which side we should take.
Their worry is whom she can rely on.
His puzzle is whose money it belongs to.
(四)when/where/why/how及其短语
这些疑问副词如果用来连接表语从句，既起着连接作用，同时又在从句中充当句子成分，一般作状语。如：
The question is when he will show up at the party tomorrow.
He remains where I was last night.
That's why he was late for school this morning.
Her concern is how he managed to climb into her kitchen yesterday.
【注意】
当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that连接，而不是because。如：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the first morning bus.
四、表语从句的特殊连接词
除了以上常见的连接词外，还有一些特殊的连接词可以用来连接表语从句。
(一)(just) as
表示“正如”，经常与表象系动词look/seem/appear搭配使用。如：
She looks just as she was ten years ago.
(二)as if/though
表示“好像”，也常与表象系动词look/seem/appear搭配使用。如：
It looks as if/though it's going to rain soon.
【注意】
这种情况下，as if/though后面的表语从句中的谓语动词一般采用虚拟语气形式，其用法是：该谓语动词的时态要采用相应的过去时态。如：
She acts as if/though she were the hostess of this house.
They looked as if/though they had lived here for a long time.
(三)because
前面讲到why可以用来连接表语从句，其实because也可以用来连接表语从句。如：
She is very familiar with the film. This is because she has already seen the film.
【注意】
在这种情况下，尽管since/for/as都可以表示原因，但这三个词不能用来连接表语从句。
【拓展】
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词
1. 连接代词：who， whose， whom， what， which.有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2. 连接副词：when， where， why， how.有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3. 连接词：that， whether， if， as if.that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if （whether）， as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好像）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
二、主语从句
1. 主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will go is not important.
2. 用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g. It doesn‘t matter so much whether you will come or not.
3. that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
三、表语从句
1. 表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
e.g. The question was who could go there.
2. 引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g. My idea is （that） we can get more comrades to help in the work.
四、宾语从句
1. 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e.g. I hope （that） everything is all right.
2. 介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether.
e.g. I’m interested in whether you‘ve finished the work……
I’m interested in what you‘ve said.
3. whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
（1）宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether.
e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain.
（2）用if 会引起误解，就要用whether.
e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）
（3）宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。
e.g. I don‘t know whether or not the report is true.
I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.
（4）介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if.但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether.
e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.
They don‘t know whether to go there.
Please come to see me if you have time.
五、同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news， fact， idea， suggestion， promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。
e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.
The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
yiyiling1221
在英语中，主语从句是非常重要的一个语法知识，主语从句涉及的知识也非常多，需要我们耐心去理解，要不然容易混淆。下面是我给大家带来的英语语法主语从句_主语从句语法详解，以供大家参考，我们一起来看看吧!
▼ 主语从句的概念与类型
主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词who, what,which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词when, where, why, how等.
例如:
That she was chosen made us very happy.
她当选了使我们很高兴.
What caused the accident is a completemystery.
是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.
Whether she will come or not is still a question.
她是否来还是一个问题.
Which team will win the match is stillunknown.
哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.
Whoever comes to the party will receive apresent.
参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物.
When they will start has not been decidedyet.
他们何时出发还没决定.
注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使 句子 结构平衡,避免"头重脚轻",常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.
例如:
It is a pity that she has made such amistake.
她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾.
It depends on the climate whether they aregoing shopping today.
他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
1)It is + adj. / n. +从句
It is a pity/shame that...遗憾的是……
It is possible that...很可能……
It is unlikely that...不可能……
2)It +不及物动词+从句
It seems/appears that...似乎……
It happened that...碰巧……
3)It + be +过去分词+从句
It is said that...据说……
It is known to all that...众所周知……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……
It is suggested that...有人建议……
It must be pointed out that...必须指出……
It has been proved that...已证明…….
例如:
It is believed that at least a score ofbuildings were damaged or destroyed.
据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.
It is suggested that the meeting should beput off.
有人建议会议延期召开.
It's reported that three people were killedin the accident and five were hurt badly.
据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤.
It is known to all that Taiwan is aninseparable part of China.
众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分.
▼ 主语从句的语法
<例句>
It's certain that prices will go up.
物价肯定要上涨的。
<语法分析>
主语从句可以由that引导，此外还可由连接代词或连接副词引导，关系代词what或whatever也可引导主语从句。由that引导的主语从句是用的最多的一种主语从句，有时为了强调，可以把从句放在句首，而绝大部分主语从句则借助先行主语放到句子后部去。
<触类旁通>
(1)That she hasn't phoned is odd.
她没有来电话很奇怪。
语法分析：that引导的主语从句。
(2)That he was chosen made a tremendous stir in his village.
他被选中在他村子里引起很大轰动。
语法分析：有时为了强调或谓语较长时，可以把从句放在句首。
(3)It is natural that they should have different views.
他们有不同观点是很自然的。
语法分析：it+be+形容词或名词+that从句。
(4)It happened that he wasn't in that day.
恰巧他那天不在。
语法分析：it+动词+that从句。
(5)It's doubtful whether we'll be able to come.
我们是否能来还是个疑问。
语法分析：连接代词或连接副词可引导主语从句。
(6)What will be,will be.
该发生的事，总会发生。
语法分析：关系代词型what也可引导主语从句。
<巩固练习>
(1)______ he is still alive is a consolation.
(2)It's strange ______ she knows nothing about it.
(3)It may be ______ you'll prove yourself the most suitable.
(4)______ is to be sent there hasn't been decided.
(5)It was clear enough ______ she meant.
(6)______ is over is over.
(7)______ he says goes.
(8)______ she saw made her tremble.
<参考答案>
(1)That (2)that (3)that (4)What (5)what (6)What (7)Whatever (8)What
▼ 主语从句的注意问题
1)引导词that与what
what既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等).这时what相当于all that/everything that...,常译成"所……的(东西、事情、话等.)";而that只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略that.
例如:
What is done can't be undone.
( 谚语 )已成定局,无可挽回.
What we can't get seems better than what wehave.
我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好. That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serioussituation is important.
我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势,这一点非常重要.
That a new teacher will come to teach usgeography is true.
一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的.
▼ 主语从句的语气
在It is necessary / natural/ important / strange...+ that-clause
这类句型里,that所引导的主语从句中谓语动词用"should+原形",表虚似语气.
例如:
It is necessary that the problem should besettled at once.
这个问题必须马上解决.
It's strange that he should have gone awaywithout telling us.
他竟然没向我们说一声就走了,真是奇怪.
巩固练习
15. It isnecessary that a college student _______ at least a foreign language.
A. masters B.should master C. mastered D. will master
四、以it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句型的区别
"It be + adj./n. + that-clause"与强调句型均有It be...that...之类的语言标志,但不同的是:①前者中的that从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的It be和that,则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句子;但若将后者中的It be和that去掉,则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.②强调句型译为汉语时可加上"正是……"或"就是……"之类的字眼,而主语从句则不可以.
请比较下面两个句子:
It is surprising that Mary should have wonfirst place.
令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名. It is Mary that has won first place.
正是玛莉得了第一名.
第一句话中的It是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句.句中的It is和that无法删除,一旦删除句子就不成立.
第二句是强调句型,其中的It is和that可以去掉,因为没有It is和that句子仍然很通顺.
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