娜娜nancy
一、大写字母的运用
1.句首第一个字母大写。
2.人名、国名、节日名、语言名、组织名等专有名词的首字母大写。
3.星期、月份的首字母大写。
4.特指的学校、政府、党派、委员会或涉及具体人名的称呼或职位，首字母大写。
5.某些特殊词汇、缩略词、标志语、特殊用语等，首字母大写或全大写。
6.句中要强调的部分通常全大写。
7.诗的每一行首字母要大写。
二、与字母发音相同的单词
如：Bb-bee,Cc-see/sea,Rr-are,Tt-tea,Ii-I/eye,Oo-oh,Uu-you,Yy-why.
三、缩略形式
如：I’m = I am,
you’re = you are,
she’s = she is/she has,
won’t=will not,
can’t =can not,
isn’t=is not,let's = let us.
四、同音异形词
如：to/too/two,
their/there,
right/write,
pair/pear,
four/for,
know/no,
sun/son.
五、反义词
如：day-night,
come-go,
yes-no,
up-down,
big-small.
short-longtall,
fat-thin,
low-high,
slow-fast,
六、名词复数的变化规则
1.一般情况下，直接加s，
如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds.
2.以s，x，sh，ch 结尾，加es，
如：bus-buses,box-boxes,watch-watches.
3.以辅音字母加y 结尾，变y 为i,再加es，
如：family-families,hobby-hobbies.
4.以f 或fe 结尾，变f 或fe 为v,再加es，
如：thief-thieves,knife-knives.
5.以o 结尾，加es，
如：mango-mangoes.
加s，如：radio-radios，photo-photos.
6.不规则变化，
如：man-men,
woman-women,
child-children,
foot-feet,
tooth-teeth.
7.不可数名词
有:bread,juice,tea,coffee,water,rice 等。
(不可数名词 相对应的be 动词是is/was)
七、名词所有格
表示人或物品所属关系时，就需要使用名词所有格。
名词所有格的构成有以下规 则：
1.一般情况下，在名词的末尾加’s 构成。
如：Tom’s book
2.以“-s”结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在其末尾加’。
如：our teachers’ books
3.表示几个人共同拥有的东西时，只在最后一个名字上加所有格。
如：Su Hai and Su Yang’s bedroom
八、a,an 和the的用法
1.单词或字母的第一个读音是辅音读音：a book,a peach,a “U”.
单词或字母的第一个读音是元音读音：an egg,an hour,an “F”.
2.the 要注意的`：球类前面不加the，乐器前面要加the，序数词前面要加the。
1.allow sb to do sth允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
2.asked sb (not) to do sth叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
My father asked me to study hard.
He asked me not to swim alone.
be asked to do sth被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
3.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事
She is afraid to ask me questions.
4.be afaid of doing sth害怕做某事
I am afraid of going out at night.
5.be afaid of sth害怕某物
He is afraid of snakes.
6.be amazed to do sth对做某事感到惊讶
He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth对某事感到惊讶
they were amazed at the news.
7.be busy doing/with sth忙于做某事(常考)
I was busy washing my car at that time.那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子.
I am busy with my work.
8.becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)
the bus is coming/the dog is dying.
9.be excited to do sth对做……感到兴奋
Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.
be excited at sth
Lily was excited at his words.
be excited about doing sth
he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
10.be frightened to do sth害怕去做某事
Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
11.be glad/happy to do sth高兴去做某事
She is happy to clean theblackboard with me.
be pleased to do sth高兴做某事
She was pleased to helpthe old man yesterday.
be pleased with sth对某事感到高兴/满意
The teacher was pleasedwith my answer.
12.be interested in sth/doing sth对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣
She is interested inswimming in the river.
My btother is interestedin Chinese.
13.be/get ready for/to do sth
be ready for为某事做好了准备
We are ready for the exam.
Be ready to do sth为做某事做好了准备
We are ready to have a birthday party for her.
get ready for sth为某事在做准备
We are getting ready for the exam.
14.be surprised to do sth对做某事感到惊奇
be surprised at sth对某事感到惊奇
This is nothing to be surprised at.
I‘d be surprised to see him on such an occasion.
15.be worth doing sth值得做某事(worth后接动词-ing形式，常考)
It was too remote to be worth thinking about.
16.开始去做某事begin to do sth begin/start to do/doing sth
When do children begin to go to school?
17.can/be able to afford (to buy) sth有能力负担(购买)……
At this rate we won‘t be able to afford a holiday.
18.can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth
We may come at another time.
19.can‘t wait todo sth迫不急待地去做某事
I can’t wait to hear the news.
20.decide to do sth决定去做某事
make up one‘s mind to do sth下决心去做某事(常考)
make a decision to do sth对做某事作出决定
What do they decide to do?
I have made up my mind to go with him
21.deserve to do sth值得/应该做……
We must admit that she did deserve to win.
22.encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人去做某事
Encourage them to do some other helpful recreations.
23.enjoy doing sth喜欢去做某事
I enjoy reading the story book
24.expect (sb) to do sth期望去做某事
Don‘t expect him to help you.
25.fail to do sth做某事失败
succeed doing sth成功做了某事
If you don‘ t work，you willfail to pass the exam.
26.finish doing sth做完某事(后接动词-ing形式)(常考)
After finish doing your homework，you can have a rest.
27.follow sb to do sth跟随某人去做某事
Follow me to read the new words.
28.get sb to do sth / make sb do sth/ let sb do st让某人做某事(后接动词原形)
Her jokes made us laugh.
29.get/have a chance to do sth得到一个做某事的机会
I‘m very happy to have a chance to visit your school.
30.give/pass/show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb
buy/get/bring sb sth/sth for sb
Please give me a piece of paper.
I bought him a drink in return for his help.
31.go on to do sth /go on doing sth继续做事(常考)
Go on doing the exercise after a short rest.
32.hate to do/doing sth讨厌/不喜欢做某事
Ihate to tell the news to you.
33.have fun doing sth做某事很有趣
Have fun getting to know each other.
34.have problems doing sth做某事遇到困难
Many people have problems getting to sleep at night.
35.have sb do sth/have sth done让某人做某事
This is the best work you have ever done.
36.hear sb do sth听到某人做某事(后接动词原形，常考)
hear sb doing sth听到某人正在做某事(常见)
I heard someone laughing.
37.help to do sth帮忙做某事
help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
I‘ll help you clean the room.
38.hope/wish to do sth希望做某事
wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事
I wish to take this opportunity to thank you all.
39.It seems that这像是……(后接从句)
seem to do sth
seem +adj
It‘seems that you are lying.
Does that seem to make sense?
40.It‘s + adj+(for sb) to do sth.
It‘s+adj +(of sb) to do sth
It‘s glad for him to hear the news.
41.It takes sb sometime/money to do sth .花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
It takes me an hour to walk there and back.
42.pay …for… cost spend…on…..it take …to do sth花费
He paid for it out of his own pocket.
一、短语：
1、that little girl那个小女孩
2、(be) so short如此矮
3、(be)so cute如此可爱
4、(be)very naughty非常淘气
5、a little chick 一只小鸡
6、two big red hens两只大红母鸡
二、句型：
1、Who are they，Lingling?They are my grandparents.玲玲。他们是谁?他们是我的祖父母。
【Who是对人进行提问，也就是对第二句的中的my grandparents的提问。】
再如：Who is that little boy?It`s Tom.那个小男孩是谁?是汤姆。
练习：那个小女孩是谁?是我。
2、They are my grandparents.They were young，then.他们是我的祖父母。他们那时是年轻的。
【这两个句子的结构是“主语(代词、名词)+be(amisarewaswere)+表语(名词、形容词等)”表语是说明主语身份、特征的。】
再如：They are old.他们是年老的。
练习：她那时是胖的，她现在是瘦的。
3、I was two，then.我那时两岁了。
【主语+be+年龄】
练习：我那时三岁了，我现在11岁了。
4、But your hair was so short.但是(那时)你的头发是如此的短。
【在形容词前可以加上“so、very等副词”】
再如：You were so cute.你如此可爱。
练习：她那时也非常淘气。
5、She was fat.Now she`s thin.她(那时)胖，她现在瘦了。
【第一个句子是说明过去的事，be用过去式(was、were);第二个句子是说明现在的事，用一般现在时be(am、is、are)】
练习：他(那时)矮，他现在高。
他们(那时)年轻，现在他们上年纪了(年老了)。
6、They weren`t old then .They were young.那时他们不上年纪，他们年轻。
【这两个句子是同义句，划线部分是一对反义词，第一个句子用否定句，第二个句子用肯定句。】
练习：
她那时不高，她是(很)矮。
他那时不淘气。他是可爱的。
它那是不胖。它是瘦的。
7、Was it fat ?No，it wasn`t.It was thin.它胖吗?不，它不胖。它是瘦的。
【这是be的一般过去时的一般疑问句，是把be的形式(was、were)提到句首。注意答语。用“yes、no回答后，再用一个反义词的肯定句回答。”】
练习：他们年轻吗?不，不是的。他们年老了。
他淘气吗?不，不是的。他是可爱的。
Keys:
1、Who is that little girl?It`s me.
2、She was fat，then.She`s thin now.
3、I was three，then.I am 11 now.
4、Then she was very naughty，too.
5、He was short，he is tall now.They were young，they are old now.
6、She wasn`t tall then.She was short.He wasn`t naughty then.He was cute.It wasn`t fat then.It was thin.
7、Were they young?No，they weren`t.They were old.Was he naughty? No，he wasn`t.He was cute.
动词 ：
1.tell
2.clean
3.finish
4.wash
5.learn
6.invent
7.print
8.climb
9.skate
10.break
11.cry
12.practise
13.win
14.happen
15.ride
形容词：
1.important
2.dirty
3.angry
4.gold
5.thirsty
名词：
1.dancing
2.yesterday
3.NationalDay
4.paper
5.printing
6.bicycle
7.theGreatWall
8.mountain
9.ice-skating
10.gold
11.food
12.monster
13.cup
14.watermelon
15.knee
16.finger
17.matter
18.medicine
19.toothache
20.fever
副词 ：
1.soon
2.still
3.also
4.only
5.away
笑靥的梦魇
小学英语词汇表： Unit 1：pen (钢笔) pencil (铅笔) pencil-case ( 铅笔盒) ruler(尺) Eraser(橡皮)crayon(蜡笔)book (书)bag (书包)sharpener (卷笔刀) school (学校) Unit 2： head (头) face( 脸) nose (鼻子)mouth (嘴) eye (眼睛) ear (耳朵) arm (胳膊) finger (手指) leg (腿) foot (脚) body (身体) Unit 3：red (红色的) yellow (黄色的) green (绿色的) blue (蓝色的) purple (紫色的)white (白色的)black (黑色的)orange (橙色的)pink (粉色的) brown (棕色的) Unit 4：cat (猫) dog (狗) monkey (猴子) panda (熊猫) rabbit( 兔子)duck (鸭子) pig (猪) bird (鸟)bear (熊) elephant (大象) mouse (老鼠) squirrel (松鼠) Unit 5：cake (蛋糕) bread (面包) hot dog (热狗) hamburger (汉堡包) chicken (鸡肉) French fries (榨薯条) Coke (可乐) juice (果汁) milk (牛奶) water (水) tea (茶) coffee (咖啡) 更多详细资料请参考： 初中英语词汇表： a (an) art. *able a. about prep. & ad. *above prep. *accept v. accident n. achieve v. across prep. act n. & v. action n. active a. activity n. add v. address n. advantage n. advertisement n. advice n. afford v. afraid a. after prep.& conj. afternoon n. again ad. against prep. age n. ago ad. agree v. 更多详细资料请参考： 高中英语词汇表： A a great deal of a great many a handful of a large number of a large of a place of interest a.m. Abby ability aborigines above all Abraham Lincoln abroad absence Abu Simbel accent accept according according to ache achieve 更多详细资料请参考：
火野丽Q
常用动词短语：V.+about:come about发生， hear about听说，talk about谈论，think about思考 thank you for doing sth. have fan doing sth. spend sometime/money in doing sth. stop sb form doing sth .=Keep sb form doing. go doing sth. 有介词短语一般接doing还有一些只能接动词原形 还有一些则是原形和ing形式都可以用的
我家的笨笨蛋
Do you often think of your parents ? " Yes , of course ," You 51 answer ." I buy a present for my mother on Mother`s Day . And I give my father a present on Father`s Day , 52 . " Then waht about the other days of a year ? Always 53 of your parents , not just on some important days . I have a friend who lives alone , 54 her parents live in another city . One day I went to see her . We talked a lot . Then she wanted to make a 55 . She dialed the number , but then she put the phone 56 . After about ten seconds , she dialed the number again . " Hi , Mum ..." Later I asked ," My parents are old . They can`t get close to the telephone 58 . I always do when I call them . I just want to give them 59 time to answer the call ." My friend is a good girl . She is always 60 her parents . You also want to be a good child , right ? So why not learn from her ? ( )1- A . can B . may C . must D . should ( )2- A . too B . also C . either D . yet ( )3- A . like B . forget C . take D . think ( )4- A . so B . or C . but D . though ( )5- A . face B . card C . call D . cake ( )6- A . up B . away C . down D . on ( )7- A . once B . twice C .often D . sometimes ( )8- A . lonely B . slowly C . quietly D . quickly ( )9- A . less B . little C . enough D . much ( )10- A . thinking about B . laughing at C .picking up D . looking for答案1D,2B,3B,4D,5C,6C,7D,8D,9C,10A Now computers can do a lot of w____.It is widely used in factories,houses,and bankd.A computer can report,decide,and control in a______ every field.Many scientists are now thingking of m_______ the computer"think"like humans.With the help of a person,a computer can draw pictures,write music,talk with people,translate languages and so on.Perhaps computers will one day really t______ and feel.Do you think that people will be a_______ when they find that the computer is too clever to listen to or serve the people? 答案work，因为work不可数，所以不能加salmost，几乎making，因为of是介词，所以后面用动名词think，和前文的thinking,of相对应，就是第三行开头的afraid，这是表示害怕的意思翻译现在计算机能做许多工作计算机被广泛应用于工厂，家庭，以及银行。（你的银行拼错了，应该是banks）计算机几乎能在每个领域报告，决定以及控制。很多科学家现在在考虑让计算机像人类一样地“思考”通过人的帮助，计算机能画画，写音乐，和人对话，翻译以及做别的或许有一天计算机真的能“思考”以及有感觉你觉得当人们发现计算机太聪明了，以至于不听从人们或者为我们服务的时候，人们会害怕么？ Nearly everybody enjoys chicken, and the most famous name in chicken is Kentucky Fried Chicken. Mr Sanders, the man who started this ___1___ was not always very rich. At one time, he ___2___ a small gas station next to a highway (公路). Many truck drivers ___3___ there to get gas and take a rest. Mr Sanders realized they were often ___4___, so he began serving sandwiches and coffee. ___5___ the sandwiches he made tasted good, and didn’t ___6___ too much, more and more ___7___ came to eat at his place. ___8___ Mr Sanders began to serve fried chicken. People ___9___ it very much, and his new business grew rapidly. Not long after, however, another highway was ___10___, and many drivers no longer went ___11___ Mr Sanders’ restaurant. So he had to ___12___ it. Then he traveled around the country ___13___ to sell his idea of opening fried chicken restaurants. He ___14___. By 1967, there were almost 5000 Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurants. And now, ___15___ you go in the United States, you will see one. If you like chicken, I’m sure, you’ll enjoy eating Kentucky Fried Chicken. 1. A. business B. shop C. life D. search . 2. A. found B. worked C. saw D. owned 3. A. passed B. got to C. stopped D. left 4. A. late B. hungry C. tired D. sick 5. A. Although B. If C. As D. Once 6. A. need B. pay C. spend D. cost 7. A. passengers B. drivers C. students D. doctors 8. A. Then B. So C. But D. For 9. A. ate B. liked C. tried D. drank 10. A. appeared B. found C. built D. broken 11. A. out B. to C. over D. on 12. A. close B. run C. return D. take 13. A. trying B. believing C. thinking D. suggesting 14. A. failed B. fails C. succeeds D. succeeded 15. A. whenever B. wherever C. where D. whenKEY: 1—5 ADCBC 6—10 DBABC 11—15 BAADB Computers are ( 1) machines. They can help people a lot in their daily life. For example, they can help people to (2) much time to do much work, and they can help people to work out many (3) they cannot do easily. Our country asks everyone to know how to (4) computers before the twenty-first century, except the old people. Today more and more (5) own computers. Parents buy computers for their (6). They hope computers can help them improve their (7) in school. Yet, many of their children use computers to play (8) ,to watch video, or to sing Karaoke instead of studying. So many teachers and parents complain that computers can't help children to study but make them (9) . The complains lead to computers being locked in boxes. In some other countries, even some scientists also hate computers. They say computers let millions of people lose jobs or bring them a lot of trouble. Will computers (10) bring troubles to people(11) can they bring people happiness? It will be decided by today's students.1A. use B. useful C. quietly D. hard2A. spend B. save C. lost D. take3A. questions B. problems C. ideas D. mind4A. make B. use C. watch D. mend5A. family B. families C. fathers D. mothers6A. sons B. daughters C. children D. grandsons7A. studies B. playing C. subjects D. writing8A. football B. games C. basketball D. volleyball9A. fall into B. fall behind C. fall ill D. fall over10A. quick B. real C. really D. fastest11.A or B and C so D butKEY: 1~5 BBBBB 6~ 11 CABBCA Nearly everybody enjoys chicken, and the most famous name in chicken is Kentucky Fried Chicken. Mr Sanders, the man who started this ___1___ was not always very rich. At one time, he ___2___ a small gas station next to a highway (公路). Many truck drivers ___3___ there to get gas and take a rest. Mr Sanders realized they were often ___4___, so he began serving sandwiches and coffee. ___5___ the sandwiches he made tasted good, and didn’t ___6___ too much, more and more ___7___ came to eat at his place. ___8___ Mr Sanders began to serve fried chicken. People ___9___ it very much, and his new business grew rapidly. Not long after, however, another highway was ___10___, and many drivers no longer went ___11___ Mr Sanders’ restaurant. So he had to ___12___ it. Then he traveled around the country ___13___ to sell his idea of opening fried chicken restaurants. He ___14___. By 1967, there were almost 5000 Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurants. And now, ___15___ you go in the United States, you will see one. If you like chicken, I’m sure, you’ll enjoy eating Kentucky Fried Chicken. 1. A. business B. shop C. life D. search . 2. A. found B. worked C. saw D. owned 3. A. passed B. got to C. stopped D. left 4. A. late B. hungry C. tired D. sick 5. A. Although B. If C. As D. Once 6. A. need B. pay C. spend D. cost 7. A. passengers B. drivers C. students D. doctors 8. A. Then B. So C. But D. For 9. A. ate B. liked C. tried D. drank 10. A. appeared B. found C. built D. broken 11. A. out B. to C. over D. on 12. A. close B. run C. return D. take 13. A. trying B. believing C. thinking D. suggesting 14. A. failed B. fails C. succeeds D. succeeded 15. A. whenever B. wherever C. where D. when KEY: 1—5 ADCBC 6—10 DBABC 11—15 BAADB
