less英文什么意思

英语后缀加less和ness的区别为：意思不同、用法不同、侧重点不同。

一、意思不同

1.less意思：less具有否定(不，无)的意思。

2.ness意思：表示处于形容词所形容的这种状态。

二、用法不同

1.less用法：less短语多半用于否定结构，多用来修饰不可数名词，但当名词前有数词或a few等修饰时，其后可接可数名词，在把时间、距离、金钱等短语看作是一个整体时，less可用来修饰可数名词，在有些短语中，说话人着眼于有关事物的大约的量，而不去细算精确的数额时。

2.ness用法：ness使原本的动词词素转为名词，为语言的衍生，是后缀的一种用途，后缀是置于单词或词干后用于构成新词的一个或一组音节。也就是说，用作一种词类的词，例如名词经添加后缀之后可以转变为不同的词类，例如形容词。

三、侧重点不同

1.less侧重点：侧重于一般加在名词后，构成形容词。

2.ness侧重点：侧重于一般加在形容词后，其作用为将词性变为名词词性。

简明英汉词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less [les] n. 较少, 较小 adj. 少的, 小的 adv. 较少地, 更小地, 不及 prep. 减去 基本词义 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LESS =Least Cost Estimating and Scheduling 最低成本估计与计划 美国传统词典[双解] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less less AHD:[lμs] D.J.[les] K.K.[lWs] adj.（形容词） little的比较级 (1) Not as great in amount or quantity: （数量上）较少的：在数或量上不大的： had less time to spend with the family. 有较少时间和家人在一起 (2) Lower in importance, esteem, or rank: 较不重要的,较差的,身份较低的：重要性、名声或级别较低的： no less a person than the ambassador. 地位不比大使低的人 (3) Consisting of a smaller number.See Usage Note at few 由少数组成的参见 few prep.（介词） With the deduction of; minus: 差；减去： Five less two is three. 5减2等于3 adv.（副词） little的比较级形式 To a smaller extent, degree, or frequency: 较少地：范围、程度或频率更小地： less happy; less expensive. 不那么高兴的；较便宜的 n.（名词） (1) A smaller amount: 较小数： She received less than she asked for. 她得到的比她要求的少 (2) Something not as important as something else: 较次要的东西： People have been punished for less. 人们因小事而受到惩罚 习惯用语 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less than Not at all: 根本不： He had a less than favorable view of the matter. 他对那种事情根本不抱好感 much less或 still less Certainly not: 更何况： I'm not blaming anyone, much less you. 我根本就没有责怪任何人,更不用说你了 语源 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Middle English lesse 中古英语 lesse (2) from Old English l?a [adj.] 源自 古英语 l?a [形容词] (3) l?s [adv.] * see leis- 2 l?s [副词] *参见 leis- 2 现代英汉词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less [les] adj., pron. 较少的；较小的 I was given less cake and fewer biscuits than she had. 我得到的蛋糕和饼干比她少. There is much less difficulty than I thought. 实际困难比我想象的要少. 习惯用语 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- none the less 仍然,依旧 词性变化 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less adv. (1) 不及,较差 Jane's less beautiful than Mary. 简不如玛丽漂亮. (2) 较少；较小 Try to shout less. 少喊两声. less n. 较小的量,较少的数目 less prep. 缺；差；扣除 a year less two days 一年差两天 She gave me ￡100, less ￡20 for her own costs. 她给我100镑,扣去她花了的20镑. （实际上给我80镑） 现代英汉综合大辞典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less [les] adj. [little的比较级] (1) 更少[小]的, 较少[小]的 (2) 较次[劣]的, 较不重要的; 身分较低的 less but better 少而精 The noise became less and less. 声响渐渐小起来了. More haste, less speed. [谚]欲速则不达. 词性变化 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less [les] adv. [little的比较级]较少, 更少, 较差 n. 更少; 更小; 较少; 较小 Less of your lip! [口]别饶舌了! prep. 减去; 不足 继承用法 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less-than-carload adj. (铁路运输中的)零担的 less-than-truckload adj. 卡车零担的 习惯用语 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- any the less 更少一点, 更小一点 far less 远不及 much [still] less 何况, 更不用说 no less a person than 身分或级别等不低于 no less than (1) 有...之多, 多达 (2) 和...一样, 不亚于 (3) 原来就是 less and less 越来越小[少]地 Less of ...! [口]少点...! 别...! less than 决不, 毫不 基本词义 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LESS =Least Cost Estimating and Scheduling 最低成本估计与计划 英文相关词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less fewer reduced more [七国语言]英汉公共大词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less 更少的 美国传统词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less less AHD:[lμs] D.J.[les] K.K.[lWs] adj. A comparative of little (1) Not as great in amount or quantity: had less time to spend with the family. (2) Lower in importance, esteem, or rank: no less a person than the ambassador. (3) Consisting of a smaller number.See Usage Note at few prep. With the deduction of; minus: Five less two is three. adv. Comparative of little To a smaller extent, degree, or frequency: less happy; less expensive. n. (1) A smaller amount: She received less than she asked for. (2) Something not as important as something else: People have been punished for less. 习惯用语 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less than Not at all: He had a less than favorable view of the matter. much lessor still less Certainly not: I'm not blaming anyone, much less you. 语源 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Middle English lesse (2) from Old English l?a [adj.] (3) l?s [adv.] * see leis- 2 朗文英汉综合电脑词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LESS = Least cost Estimating and Scheduling System,最低成本预算与调度系统; = Louisville Experimental Simulation System, 路易斯维尔实验模拟系统 英汉航海大词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less n.减去 英汉航空大词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less n.在较小的程度上 英汉化学大词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less adj.更少的,较少,稍少;adv.更少地,更少 英汉经贸大词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less n.减去 英汉计算机大词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less adj.更少的(较少,稍少);adv.更少地(更少) 英汉中医大词典 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- less n.较少的,较小的,更少的

嗯，单词less起源于古英语， 意思是小的，以免，作副词。从一开始，less这个副词就常常与否定词连用，none the less。从1630年以后，使用much less更为常见（更不必说，何况）。在中世纪英语中less这个副词，也可以是连词，可以有很多写法，如lese lasse leisse。

后缀语素less具有否定(不，无)的意思，一般加在名词后，构成形容词。e.g:thoughtless （无思想的） worthless （无价值的） senseless （无感觉的） fearless （不害怕的） hopeless （绝望的） 后缀ness一般加在形容词后，其作用为将词性变为名词词性，表示处于形容词所形容的这种状态。e.g:greatness (伟大) darkness （黑暗） kindness （善良） obligingness （亲切） preparedness （就绪） brightness （明亮）