剪刀手七七
从整体上来说,商务英语不仅包括英语语音、语法、词汇、语篇和跨文化知识等通用英语(English for General Purpose, EGP)所包含的基础知识,还包括与商务有关的国际服务贸易、国际技术贸易、国际投资融资、国际合作等商务知识,是一种专门用途英语(English for Special Purpose, ESP)。具体来说, 这些商务活动涉及技术引进、国际旅游、海外投资、对外贸易、招商引资、涉外承包与合同、国际金融、涉外保险等。商务英语源于普通英语,具有普通英语的语言学特征,但又是商务知识和英语的综合,因而又具有独特性。
Task I 阅读下列商务英语,体会商务英语(Business English)与通用英语(English for General Purposes)的区别。
1. [Through in-depth analysis (of advertising industry’s scale, chain, competitors and other comprehensive economic information)], we are able to provide our clients with important information for decision making, and this may include market size and growth,market demand,PEST analysis,analysis of advertising industry trends,appraisal of advertising industry chain,and assessment of the industrial potentiality,etc.
【解析】商务英语与通用英语的本质区别在于其专门性(speciality),体现在词汇的专业性,语言的严谨性和简洁性,商务英语专门用于解决商务活动中出现的各种问题。本部分参考译文如下:
通过对广告产业的规模、产业链、竞争对手和其他综合经济信息的深入分析,我们为客户提供有助于决策的重要信息,包括市场规模与市场发展、市场需求,PEST(政治、经济、社会和技术)分析、广告产业发展趋势分析,广告产业链评估和广告产业发展潜能评估。
2. The Buyer hereby entrusts the Seller to insure the goods against W.P.A. and T.P.N.D. for 110% of the invoice value. The insurance premium should be borne by the Buyer.
W.P.A.: With Particular Average
T.P.N.D.:Theft, Pilferage & Non-Delivery
2. 买方委托卖方按发票全额的110%投保水渍险和偷窃、提货不着险,保险费由买方承担。
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LIZHIPINGZHAOBOWEI
商务英语 翻译中保证准确性应注意六个方面:时间、责任、金额、公文惯用语、 句子 歧义结构和词义选择,只有这样才能在日趋频繁的商务活动中立于不败之地.
商务英语合同 翻译 应注意的策略
第一部分、用词方面
多用正式或法律上的用词,与口头表述不同,合同是法律性的正式书面文件,使用正式的、法律的用词是必要的。合同起草者应多加强这方面的学习。比如:
1、At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment.
应乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。assist 较 help 正式;
2、The personnel shall not to partake in any political activities in Iraq.
所有人员不得参加伊拉克国内的任何政治活动。partake in 较 take part in 正式;
3、The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel.
雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。render 较 give 正式;
4、Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Guangzhou.
甲方应将病人遣返中国并负责其返回广州的旅费。repatriate 较 send back 正式;
5、This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China.
本合同受中国法律管辖,并按中国法律解释。construe 较 explain,interpret 正式;
6、The Employer may object to and require the Contractor to replace forthwith any of its authorized representatives who is
incompetent.
雇主认为承包人委派的授权代表不合格时,可以反对并要求立即撤换。require较ask正式;公文体forthwith 较 at once 正式;
7、The Chairperson may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by one-third of the total number of directors.
董事长可以根据董事会过1/3董事的提议而召集临时董事会议。convene,interim 都是正式用词。
8、In case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of its investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive right.
如一方想出售或转让其投资之全部或部分,另一方有优先购买权。法律用词assign 较 transfer 正式。
9、In processing transactions, the manufacturers shall never have title either to the materials or the finished products.
加工贸易中,厂方无论是对原料还是成品都无所有权。 法律用词title 较 ownership 正式。
10、The term "Effective date" means the date on which this Agreement is duly executed by the parties hereto.
“生效期”指双方合同签字的日子。 法律用词execute 较 sign 正式。
第二部分、用词方面
多使用"here","there","where"等前缀,下面这么多是不是有点头昏眼花?初学时确实容易搞混,告诉你个小窍门,here 代表 this,there 代表 that,where 代表 what/which,就容易记多了。
hereafter = after this time; 今后
hereby = by means/reason of this; 特此
herein = in this; 此中,于此
hereinafter = later in this contract; 在下文
thereafter = afterwards; 此后,后来
thereby = by that means; 因此;由此;在那方面
therein = from that; 在那里;在那点上
thereinafter = later in the same contract; 以下;在下文
whereby = by what; by which; 由是;凭那个
wherein = in what; in which; 在哪里;在哪点上
……
第三部分、用词方面
多用"shall"代替"will"或"should"加强语气和强制力。合同中,shall并非单纯表示将来时,而常用来表示法律上可强制执行的义务,具有约束力,宜译为“应”、“应该”、“必须”; will无论语气还是强制力要比shall弱,宜译为“将”、“原”、“要”;should通常只用来表示语气较强的假设、比如“万一”。
1、This Contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed.
本合同签字生效。
2、This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Each party shall keep two copies.
本合同应以英文写成,一式四份,双方各持两份。