快到腕里来
.........在西方这是一门很古老的学科啊 The search for meaningful origins for familiar or strange words is far older than the modern understanding of linguistic evolution and the relationships of languages, which began no earlier than the 18th century. From Antiquity through the 17th century, from Pāṇini to Pindar to Sir Thomas Browne, etymology had been a form of witty wordplay, in which the supposed origins of words were changed to satisfy contemporary requirements.The Greek poet Pindar (born in approximately 522 BCE) employed creative etymologies to flatter his patrons. Plutarch employed etymologies insecurely based on fancied resemblances in sounds. Isidore of Seville's Etymologiae was an encyclopedic tracing of "first things" that remained uncritically in use in Europe until the sixteenth century. Etymologicum genuinum is a grammatical encyclopedia edited at Constantinople in the ninth century, one of several similar Byzantine works. The fourteenth-century Legenda Aurea begins each vita of a saint with a fanciful excursus in the form of an etymology 这是维基百科对于其历史的一段描述
zhusun1989
词根、词缀对英美文化人来说很重要,他们看词根、词干以及词缀,就像中国人看偏旁部首,不认识的生词一般也能猜出意思,当然不是所有的都有此规律,就像中文一样,有些字不仅猜不了,而且读都不能硬套。
偶是九九
1. 前缀 + 词根:re- (前缀,表示:回) + port (词根,表示:拿) ——> 报告,汇报 (把消息、情况等“带回来”——>报告)2. 词根 + 后缀:ori (词根,表示:升起) + -ent (在这个单词中是名词后缀)——>orient 东方 (太阳“升起”的地方——>东方)3. 前缀 + 词根 + 后缀: pre-(前缀,表示:前) + sid (词根,表示:坐) -ent (后缀,表示人)——> president 总统,大学校长 (开会时“坐在前面的人”——>主事者,指挥者 ——>总统,大学校长)4. 前缀 + 词根 + 后缀:im- (前缀,表示:无) + medi (词根,表示:中间) + -ate (后缀,形容词后缀表示:...的)——>immediate 立刻的,直接的 (“没有中间空隙时间的”,“当中没有间隔的”——>立刻的)英语词源:任何一个英语字母,任何一个单词,都有其来源,都有一段我们已知或未知的故事,研究英语词源对于研究词根、词缀、记忆单词是非常有帮助的。几种符号说明:后面有短横线“-”的,如:pre-,anti-等,表示前缀。2.前面有短横线“-”的,如:-ist,-ous等,表示后缀。3.前后都有短横线“-”的,如:-i-,-u-等,表示中缀。4.前后都没有短横线“-”的,如:lun,hydro等,表示词根或单词。什么是英语词根?词根(Root)是构词的基本词素,它与词缀相对,并带有主要的词汇信息。词根分为两种,能独立构词的是自由词根(Free Root),如frieng,white,wash等;必须与其他词素合构词的是粘附词根(Bound Root),如vis,manu,lect等。英语词根是一个单词的根本部分,是一个单词的核心,它表示一个单词的基本意义,认识了一个词根就可以认识一群单词,例如认识词根lun(月亮)就可以认识一系列与“月亮”有的词群。