烧卖吃饱了
学好了动词,就相当于学好了英语。的确是这样,英语动词在初中阶段可谓举足轻重。那么接下来给大家分享一些关于初中英语常用的动词用法,希望对大家有所帮助。
初中英语常用动词用法:
1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
2. asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
My father asked me to study hard.He asked me not to swim alone.
be asked to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
3. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事She is afraid to ask me questions.
4. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事I am afraid of going out at night.
5. be afraid of sth. 害怕某物He is afraid of snakes.
6. be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶they were amazed at the news
7. be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事 (常考)
e.g: I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。
I am busy with my work.
8. be coming/going/leaving/flying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)
the bus is coming/the dog is dying.
9. be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋
Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.
be excited at sth.
Lily was excited at his words.
be excited about doing sth.
he was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
10. be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事
Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
11. be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事
she is happy to clean the blackboard with me.
be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事
she was pleased to help the old man yesterday
be pleased with sth. 对某事感到高兴/满意
the teacher was pleased with my answer.
12. be interested in sth./doing sth. 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣
she is interested in swimming in the river.
My brother is interested in Chinese.
13. be/get ready for/to do sth.Be ready for sth. 为某事做好了准备
We are ready for the exam.Be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备
We are ready to have a birthday party for her.
get ready for sth.为某事在做准备
We are getting ready for the exam.
13. be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉
14. be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇
be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇
15. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 (worth 后接动词-ing形式,常考)
16. begin to do sth.begin/start to do/doing sth.
17. can/be able to afford (to buy) sth. 有能力购买(供)……
18. can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth.
19. can't wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事
20. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事
make up one's mind to do sth. 下决心去做某事 (常考)
make a decision to do sth. 对做某事作出决定
21. deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做……
22. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人去做某事
23. enjoy doing sth. 乐意去做某事
24. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望去做某事
25. fail to do sth. 做某事失败succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事
26. finish doing sth. 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式) (常考)
27. follow sb to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事
28. get sb. to do sth.make sb. do sth.let sb. do sth.
29. get/have a chance to do sth.得到一个做某事的机会
30. give/pass/show/lend/sell sb. sth./ sth. to sb.buy/get/bring sb. sth. / sth. for sb.
31. go on to do sth. 继续做事(常考)
go on doing sth. 继续做事(常考)
32. hate to do/doing sth. 讨厌/不喜欢做某事
33. have fun doing sth.
34. have problems doing sth.做某事遇到困难
35. have sb. do sth.have sth. donehave sth. to do 有事要做
36. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形,常考)hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事(常见)
37. help to do sth. 帮忙做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
38. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
39. I t seems that 这像是……(后接从句)seem to do sth.seem +adj.
40. It's + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
It's + adj. +(of sb.) to do sthe.g: It's glad for him to hear the news.
41. It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
42. pay …for…costspend…on…..it take …to do sth.
43. It's best for sb to do sth.. 对某人来说做某事是最好的
had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had没有时态和人称的变化,better后接动词原形)
44. It's time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
45. keep (on)doing sth. 坚持做某事(常考)keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事(常考)
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)keep sb./ sth. +adj.
keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)
46. learn to do sth. 学做某事learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习
47. like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
48. need to do sth.need doing sth./to be doneneed sth .needn't do sth.
49. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……胜过做……
e.g: I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来,我更爱读书。
prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事
50. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……
初中英语动词固定搭配:
1. want to do sth. 想要做某事
I want to buy a new computer this afternoon.
我想今天下午买台新电脑。
2. would like to do sth.想要做某事
I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday.
我想邀请你这周六来我的聚会。
3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事
I wish to live on the moon one day.
我希望有一天在月球上生活。
4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事
I often help to do some chores at home.
我在家经常帮着做家务。
5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
I hope to have a good rest this weekend.
我希望这周末好好休息一下。
6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
He finally learned to play the piano with the help of the teacher.
在老师的帮助下,他最终学会了弹钢琴。
7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
They managed to escape the fire yesterday.
昨天他们设法逃脱了火灾。
8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
Never offer to teach fish to swim.
别在强人面前逞能。
9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
He plans to travel around the world.
他计划要周游世界。
10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事(时间或金钱方面)
We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.
今年夏天我们没有足够的钱 出国 。
11. agree to do sth. 做某事
He agreed to do it at once.
他同意立刻行动。
12. arrange to do sth.安排做某事
I arrange to wash clothes tomorrow morning.
我安排好明天上午洗衣服。
13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事
The boy asks to go to school by bike.
这个男孩要求骑自行车去上学。
14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事
He begged not to be put into prison.
他祈求不要被关进监狱。
15. care to do sth. 愿意/喜欢做某事
16. choose to do sth. 选择做某事
He chose to believe what she had said.
他选择相信她说的话。
17. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
She has decided to travel all over the world.
她已经决定周游世界了。
18. demand to do sth. 要求做某事
19. determine to do sth. 决心做某事
He determined to learn French.
他下定决心学习法语。
20. expect to do sth. 等待做某事
I am expecting to hear from you soon.
我期待着早点收到你的来信。
21. fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事
She fears to live on the mountain.
她害怕住在山上。
22. prepare to do sth. 预备做某事
They prepared to go hiking this Sunday.
他们准备周日去远足。
23. pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事
She pretended not to see me.
她假装没有看到我。
24. promise to do sth. 答应做某事
I have promised to give the children some books.
我已经答应给孩子们一些书了。
25. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
She refused to buy a new cellphone for her boy.
她拒绝给她儿子买新手机。
初中英语常用动词注意事项:
一、主动表被动的情况
1. 感观系动词,look, seem, sound, feel, smell, taste等
eg. The fish tastes nice.
2. measure, weigh等表示度量的动词。
eg. The elephant weights nearly a ton.
3. wash, clean, open, sell, read, last, write, steer等不及物动词可以表示被动意义。eg.The ship steer easily.
二、被动句表示主动含义。
She was dressed in a red skirt.
此类动词常见于dress, seat, devote, adapt, accustom 等后面可以接反身代词的动词。
二、时态,语态
1. 用进行时表示一种情绪。
She is always helping others.(表赞扬)
The man is always smoking in the office, which offends others very much.
2. 一般过去时表示某一动作已完成,过去进行时表示动作可能未完成。
He wrote a letter yesterday morning.(信已写完)
He was writing a letter yesterday evening. (信可能还未写完)
3.现在完成时可表示动作持续至今,一般过去时则表示动作已结束,并不强调对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have lived in this street.(我一直住这条街上)
I lived in this street.(我曾住在这条街上)
4.表示几个连续动作时,尽管有先后,仍要用相同时态。
He came into the classroom, put down the book and wrote a few words on the blackboard.
5. 在条件和时间状语从句中常用一般时表示将来。
6.叙述过去发生的某件事情常用一般过去时,表示过去某个时间或动作之后发生的事情才用过去将来时,过去某个时刻/段内正发生的事情,才用过去进行时,过去某个时间或动作之前发生的事情才用过去完成时。因此找准时间的参照点,是正确运用时态的关键。
7.罗列并熟记各种时态的被动形式。
三.动词的类别与特征中的注意点
1.兼作Vt.,Vi.的动词
(1)对兼作Vt.,Vi.的动词,要注意根据不同的情况选择使用。
The children are flying their kites in the square.( Vt.)
We saw a plane flying high up in the sky.( Vi.)
(2)有些动词后跟从句时为Vt., 其它 情况为Vi.,但意义基本不变。典型的有wonder, think, insist, agree,等。
The headmaster insisted that the students should wear school uniforms .
The headmaster insisted on the students wearing school uniforms.
(3)有些动词在Vt. Vi.之间,意义有所不同。如run, stand, lie等
She stood alone under the tree.
I can’t stand such cold weather.
2.常用的双宾动词有give, teach, lend, bring, explain, send, offer, pay, sell, buy, tell, show, write, ask, wish, read等,这些动词都带有一定的趋向性。因此转换成带介词的情况时,常可用for , to 来转换。
注意:explain sth. to sb.=explain to sb. sth., describe sth. to sb.=describe to sb. sth.
3.带宾补的动词,注意宾补的逻辑主语是动词宾语
宾补常是名词、形容词、介词 短语 ,副词和非谓语动词等。常见的此类动词有make, have, let, get, keep, find, see, feel, notice等,但要注意不同的动词有不同的接法。
He kept the children (keep不能用不定式作宾补)
Make…do, have…do/doing/done,get…to do/done, find…doing/done, leave…to do/doing/介词短语/a./ad., see…doing/do/done
4.后面常接-ing的动词及短语:suggest, finish, avoid, can’t help, mind, need, enjoy, require, postpone, delay, practice, fancy, excuse, pardon, advise, consider, deny, admit, endure, escape, miss, appreciate, dislike, have a good time doing, put off, call off, give up
5.有些动词后面接to do 和-ing时意义基本相同,而有的则完全不同,要注意
Love, like, hate, forget, remember, stop, begin, start, continue, prefer, regret, intend, mean, want, need, require, neglect, try, deserve, can’t bear等
6.注意状态动词和动态动词的选用
Mother asked the son to notice his manners at the party. (notice就改为mind)
再如:listen/hear, look/see, look for/find, advise/persuade, marry/be married, join/be in等。
7.注意have表“有”时,及系动词一般不能用进行时态。
8.注意表示“有”时,have与there be 的选用
9.注意动词词组分类(见<零距离>),尤其要注意各类动词词组的使用特点及有的动词词组的主被动转换使用。
Make use of sth→sth is made use of(介词不要掉了)/use is made of sth.
10.Hope, intend, expect, plan, want, think, mean 等动词用过去完成时表示没有实现的愿望,计划,打算等
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★ 初中英语语法专题动词语常用短语
南京1942
教学重难点是学生在学习过程中,难以理解或难以掌握的知识、技能。在课堂教学中,学生对教学重难点的掌握情况,往往是衡量教学效果的重要依据。作为一位年轻教师,如何突破小学英语教学的重难点,是我很多时间都在思考的一个问题。那么怎样确定教学中的重难点呢、结合自己的课堂教学,阅读资料,我认为应从以下几点入手: 1、关注学生差异,调整教学难点。学生是具有独立人格和个性差异的个体,其学习方式各不相同,学习进度有快有慢,学习程度有深有浅。相同的知识点在某个班是教学难点,而在另一个班也许就不是难点。因此,要上好英语课,教师就必须了解每个班学生的学习情况,然后根据各班学生的实际水平,适时调整教学难点。2、分析教学重点,发现教学难点。在教学过程中,教学难点有时会与教学重点完全一致或包含在教学重点中。有些需要学生重点掌握的知识点,教师认为不难,但学生接受困难较大或与以前所学知识有混淆,那么这些内容也应该确定为教学难点。教师在分析教学重点的时候,应该把教材内容与学生实际的认知水平相联系,以确定该教学重点是否也是教学难点。3、根据教学经验,确定教学难点。教师要求成课后反思的习惯,反思自己的教学行为,总结教学的得失与成败。其中很重要的一个方面就是反思教学难点是否把握准确,这样在下一次教学前,教师就可以根据以往的教学经验或教训,确定教学难点,从而调整教学方式和思路,准确地将知识传授给学生 在确定了教学重难点之后,教师组织课堂教学一定要注重方法的实用性、巧妙性,良好的方法能使学生尽快有效地理解、掌握所学的知识,让其更好地发挥。以下是我从一些教学资料中获得的几种突出教学重难点的常用方法:一.比喻说明法 比喻就是通常说的打比方。就是运用人们熟知的、形象的具体的事物来比喻生疏的、抽象的事物。用浅显的道理来比喻深奥的道理,把抽象的道理具体化,枯燥的知识生动化。在教学过程中,有时一个巧妙的比喻,可以很快帮助学生理解一些难懂的概念、规律和方法。所以说比喻是一种艺术,也是一种机智,难怪有人说比喻是语言艺术中的艺术。例如在英语学习中,难点与要点之一是动词的时态与语态。因为中文无时态的概念。尽管教师不厌其烦,以期引起学生的高度重视。但学生往往只是在语言文字层面上记住教师所讲的,但实质上并未真正理解其内涵,其结果还是需要教师一遍遍的“回炉”。因为在学生的眼里,这些概念既看不见,也摸不着,只是海市蜃楼般虚无缥缈的东西,一遇到具体的、实际的问题,就感到无从下手。又如我们换一个角度,借用比喻的修辞手法,抓住难点中的关键,利用形象化的语言载体,借助贴近生活的日常事物,学生在心理上或许更容易接受一些,在讲解时态等概念时笔者做了一些尝试;再如现在进行时态中有两个缺一不可的条件be动词和动词加ing 形式,学生总是不是少be动词,就是动词不记得加ing。笔者巧妙地将这两个条件比喻做我们穿的两只鞋,简称“左鞋”、“右鞋”,而忘加ing,就是鞋底掉了。用如此生动形象、贴近学生生活实际的比喻来纠错,学生学得愉快,记忆深刻,很快地就化解了这一教学难点二.练习法 练习是增强对知识点理解、掌握的一种主要方法,做练习最关键的是讲究选题的针对性,不然,不但不能提高学习效率,而且还影响对知识的理解和深化。选题很重要,我们认为应带着问题去找习题、编习题。只要从每一个练习中得到一点收获,一点启发,对初学的学生来说都是一个促进,一个鼓舞,对培养兴趣,打好基础有很好的作用。有时几个练习能全面反映某一知识点,我们要善于寻找分析、归纳,从而对知识点有个全面深入的理解。如果学生对某一方面理解不正确,我们就专门找这样的习题练,如果认识不全面,就要从多方面找习题练。选题不要运算太复杂,综合性太强,否则会影响对基础知识的理解。针对性的练习是一个专用武器,它可以帮助我们有效地攻克每个重、难点。三.多媒体辅助教学法 儿童的英语学习特点是形象思维占优势。因此,在教学中通常可以利用和借助实物、图片、体势语、板书、电化教学设备等进行具体形象的教学,可以快速吸引学生的注意力,有利于儿童建立清晰、明确的概念。多媒体课件因其集图、文、声、像等突出的综合表现功能,体现了直观教学法的优点。借助多媒体手段辅助英语教学,不仅使教学内容化静为动,化难为易,突破时空限制,而且刺激学生的各种感官,使学生在学习中始终保持兴奋、愉悦的心理状态。同时,对学生主体性的发挥、创新意识的培养,突出重点突破难点有着事半功倍之效。四.游戏活动法 教育是一种主动的过程,必须通过主体的积极体验、参与、实践,以及主动地尝试与创造,才能获得认知和语言能力的发展。教师在课堂上,应从学生的心理和生理特点出发,充分利用小学生模仿力强、求知欲强、记忆力好、表现欲和创造力强等特点,围绕教学中的难点、重点,设计生动活泼、有趣多样的学习活动,寓教于乐。“在儿童英语教学中,儿歌和童谣起着不可或缺的作用。”笔者在教学实践中发现,小学生对有节奏的快板、歌瑶十分感兴趣。教师可以根据学生所学,合理运用生动活泼的歌谣,不仅可以制造教学活动的“小高潮”,而且能突出、突破本节课的重难点。能够活跃课堂气氛,让学习变得简单、明朗、有趣,让学生乐于学习。竞赛性活动也是学生乐此不疲的形式,可以让重难点操练变得非常有趣。在游戏竞赛中,学生乐学乐记,积极性浓厚,参与面也广。 对于教师来说,任何一次教学都是面临一次新的挑战。而每一次新的挑战又都需要运用恰当的教学方法去加以破解。“教无定法”,需要我们广大小学英语教师去创造、去运用好的教学方法。让教师的教,学生的学都能成为一件“乐事”。期待着我们每一位老师都能在专业化发展道路上都能尽快进步!