熊大熊二喜羊羊
英语词性缩写n = 名词,noun的缩写u = 不可数名词,uncountable noun的缩写c = 可数名词,countable noun的缩写v = 动词, verb的缩写vi = 不及物动词,intransitive verb的缩写vt = 及物动词,transitive verb的缩写aux.v = 助动词 ,auxiliary verb的缩写model verb情态动词conj = 连接词 ,conjunction的缩写adj. = 形容词,adjective的缩写adv.= 副词,adverb的缩写art. = 冠词,article的缩写prep = 介词;preposition的缩写pron = 代名词,pronoun的缩写num = 数词,numeral的缩写int. = 感叹词,interjection的缩写英文基本句式介绍: 五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构(说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=补语)2S十V在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如:He runs quickly.他跑得快。They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。The gas has given out.煤气用完了。My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。3S十V十P在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。例如:He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。
wendyhuihui
【英语】简单句的五种基本句型作者:佚名来源:天星教育网更新时间:2014-04-11 10:11点击:38286简单句是英语中的基本句子,了解和掌握这五种基本句型对学好英语极为重要。这五种基本句型是:1.主语+不及物动词(主谓结构)本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。此句型中不及物动词的常用法:(1)一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。如:They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。(2)主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有:read, sell, wash, write, clean等。如:The theatre tickets sold well. 戏票很畅销。This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很容易洗。2.主语+系动词+表语(主系表结构) 本结构是由"主语+系动词+表语"组成,主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的系动词:be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, keep等。(1)主语+系动词+形容词(作表语) 如:That argument sounds reasonable. 那个论据听起来有道理。 It feels good to be home.在家的感觉真好。(2)主语+系动词+名词(作表语) 如:Later he became a scientist.他后来成为一个科学家。 He is a student. 他是个学生。(3)主语+系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词(作表语) 如:He is near. 他在附近。 This is of importance. 这很重要。 You’re not looking yourself today. 今天你看上去气色不太好。 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾结构) 此结构是由"主语+谓语+宾语"构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。(1)主语+及物动词+名词或代词(作宾语)如:He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。 Will you spend your holidays abroad this year? 你今年去国外度假吗?(2)主语+及物动词+动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有:advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can’t help, stick to等。如:I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。You should not give up studying. 你不该放弃学习。(3)主语+及物动词+不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有:afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。如:I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。(4)既可接动名词又可接不定式的及物动词。如:remember to do sth.记住要做某事/remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事;stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事/stop doing sth.停止做某事;forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/forget doing sth.忘了做过某事;regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事/regret doing sth.后悔做了某事;go on to do sth.做完一件事接着做另一件事/go on doing sth.继续做同一件事;try to do sth. 试图做某事/try doing sth.尝试着做某事等。如:Did you remember to feed the birds?你记着喂鸟了吗?I remember feeding the birds. 我记得已喂了鸟。4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(主谓+双宾语结构)此句型中常见的接双宾语的动词:(1)用to变换间接宾语的动词:give, hand, offer, show, throw, pass, pay, send, sell, tell, lend等。如:Could you give me the letter?或Could you give the letter to me? 你能把那封信递给我吗?Can you lend me that book? 或Can you lend that book to me? 你能把那本书借给我吗?(2)用for变换间接宾语的动词:make, buy, cook, find, get, order, sing, spare, fetch等。如:He bought me a bottle of ink. /He bought a bottle of ink for me.他为我买了一瓶墨水。Can you get me some stamps?或Can you get some stamps for me? 你能帮我拿些邮票吗?5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主谓+复合宾语结构)此结构中宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词。此句型中常见的接宾语补足语的及物动词:(1)接名词作宾补的动词:find, think, elect, name, call, appoint, consider, make, leave等。如:They usually call the baby Dick. 他们通常叫那婴儿Dick。I would make him king over the earth. 我会让他当世界之王。(2)接形容词作宾补的动词:keep, get, make, leave, find, paint, set, turn, drive, call, cut, consider等。如:She will make him happy. 她将使他幸福。Please cut the stick short. 请把这根棍子砍短。(3)接分词、省略to的动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词:see, notice, hear, watch, observe等。如:He left me waiting in the rain. 他让我在雨中等。(4)接副词、介词短语等作宾补的动词有leave, put等。如:The police put the thief in prison. 警察把这小偷关进了监狱。(5)有些动词后常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,这是英语中常用的句型,即"主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正的宾语"。常见动词有think, find, consider等。如:I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。节选自
电锯小天王
主语+谓语+宾语,这是最基本的构成 句子的核心结构是主语+谓语. 主谓结构的形式有多种多样: 1.主语+行为动词谓语 2.主语+系表谓语 3.另有特殊结构如there be 等
奔兔2008
英语有五大基本句型,理解了这5大句型,基本上就能够分清各个成分: 1、主谓(S+V),这里的动词为不及物动词(不跟宾语):I work every day.这话的主语是I ,谓语是work,every day 是状语(时间)状语. 2、主谓宾(S+V+O),这里的动词为及物动词(后面跟宾语):I like English. I 是主语 , like 是谓语, English是宾语. 3、主系表(S+V+P),系动词为 be动词和感官动词(look、see、smell等):I am a student. I为主语, am为谓语, a student为表语.鄙视下面把 a student说成是宾语的!不懂装懂! You looked younger than before.主语是 you ,谓语是looked, younger是表语,than before 是状语. 4、双宾语形式:主语+谓语+间语接宾+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO),:He gave me a book. 主语He,谓语gave,me间接宾语,a book 直接宾语.在英语中,表示物的作为直接宾语,表示人的作为间接宾语. 5、主 谓 宾 宾补(S+V+O+C):Let English be read every day.这是祈使句,因此省略主语,谓语let ,宾语为English,be read 为补语,every day 为状语.英语中一个句子只能有一个真正的谓语,那么be read就不会是这句的谓语,它是补充说明宾语English的.
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