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教案只说“怎样教”，说课稿则重点说清“为什么要这样教”。下面是我给大家整理的初二英语说课稿范文，供大家参阅!
一、说教材(教材分析) Analyzing teaching material
1. 说课型 lesson type (Dialogue/ reading/ listening/ revision)
2. 本课在教材中的地位 status and function
Lesson 33 Saving the Earth is a dialogue. The lesson is focused on the topic of the problems of the earth and the functional items of Supposition/ Intentions/ conjecture/ Prohibition. Since it is a dialogue / reading. It’s helpful to improve the Ss communicative/ reading ability.
3. 说教学指导思想 teaching guideline
(Teaching syllabus: Language is for communication, develop their four skills, lay special emphasis on reading; Grellet put it well in his book developing reading skills: develop reading skill/ discourse analysis; get them to understand the western culture better; improve the ability to discover, analyze & solve the problems; Reading is for information, for fun; Use Top- down model or Bottom- up model to activate Ss schemata; Interactive model)
4. 说教学目标和要求 Teaching aims and demands (…be intended for Ss in key schools)
1)认知目标 knowledge objects
a. Enable the Ss to remember the following new words & phrases:
Damage, lecture, pollute, pollution, room, standing room, be fit for, hear about, turn into
b. Get the Ss to be familiar with this sentence pattern:
If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will only be standing room left…
Give the Ss a reinforced practice on the functional item Supposition.
c. Activate Ss schemata regarding the topic of pollution and help Ss to know more about the problem of pollution.
2)智能目标 ability objects
a. Ask the Ss to make up a similar dialogue.
b. Help them to understand the dialogue better and improve the four skills.
c. Develop their ability of thinking independently.
d. Cultivate their ability to discover, analyze and solve problems.
e. Train them to collect information from the Internet.
f. Train them with some effective learning methods to optimize Ss’ learning results.
3)德育目标 moral objects
a. Arouse their interest in learning English;
b. Help them to understand the background of pollution.
c. Enable the students to love our earth and the nature.
d. Be aware of the importance of stopping pollution & protecting out environment.
e. Encourage the Ss to do something to save the earth.
5. 说教学重点 teaching important points (生词、句型;培养阅读技能)
a. New words and phrases
b. Sentence pattern: If- clause
c. improve their reading skills.
d. Talking about problems of the Earth.
6. 说教学难点 teaching difficult points (语法;发展交际能力)
a. functional item: Supposition.
b. Develop their communicative ability. Act out their own dialogue.
7. 说教具 teaching aids (multi-media computer, software, OHP)
The teaching syllabus says that it’s necessary for teachers to use modern teaching facilities. It’s of great help to increase the class density and improve our teaching result. It can also make the Ss reach a better understanding of the text by making the classes lively and interesting. At the same time, it arouses the Ss’ interest in learning English.
二、说教法 Teaching methods
Five step method; audio-video; communicative approach;
Task-based learning: New Syllabus Design encourages teachers to use this teaching method. TBLT can stimulate Ss’ initiative in learning and develop their ability in language application. Make the Ss the real masters in class while the teacher himself acts as the director and bring their ability into full play.
三、说学法 Study methods
1. Teach Ss how to be successful language learners.
2. Teach Ss how to develop the reading skill — skim & scan; how to communicate with others; how to learn new words; how to learn independently;
3. Get the Ss to form good learning habits.
四、说教学过程Teaching procedures
I. 复习 (Revision) 5min (Daily report; 词汇diagram; brainstorming; activate schemata)
Activity 1: Imagination
1). Suppose a bottle of ink is turned over and dirties your white shirt, what is to be done? (Wash it? Or throw it away?)
2). Suppose you catch a bad cold, what’s to be done?
3). Suppose your bike is broken, what’s to be done?
4). And suppose the earth, on which we all live, is damaged, what’s to be done?
* What can you think of when you see “pollution” this word?(waste, environment, air, water, factory, desert, climate... Try to activate the Ss schemata regarding the topic of pollution.)
II. 呈现 (Presentation) 5min
Activity 2: Presentation
Play the song “Earth Song” sung by Michael Jackson. (Create an atmosphere)
A lot of pictures and video clips about the causes and results of the three problems mentioned in this lesson will be shown on the screen with the help of the computer.
Ss’ presentation on pollution. Attract their attention, arouse their interest, and create a good atmosphere for communication.
* Activate their schemata and cultivate their ability in collecting information from the Internet and develop their ability in thinking independently.
III. 对话 / 阅读 (Dialogue)18m
1. Pre- reading
Activity 3: Prediction
1st listening/ fast reading, one guided Q to help Ss to get the main idea:
What do you think is discussed at the conference?
2. While- reading
Activity 4: Read and answer
2nd listening/ careful reading, more Qs to get the detailed information. Develop their reading skills: skim & scan. Pay attention to the pronunciation, stress & intonation.
* 阅读: Pre-reading; while-reading; post-reading (fast reading/ careful reading; skim/ scan; 识别关键词key words;确定主题句;创设信息差information gap;T or F; 填表格chart/diagram; Predicting; Make a timeline; Make a story map。达到对课文的整体理解和掌握。So that they can have a good understanding of the whole text.)
3. Post- reading
Activity 5: Language focus
While Ss are answering the Qs, the teacher deals with some key language points.
a. is being caused b. and so on c. go on doing
d. be fit for e. standing room f. if- clause
IV. 操练 (Practice) 10m
Activity 6: Retell
Use your own words to retell the dialogue in the 3rd person.
Activity 7: Acting out
Activity 8: Drill – Supposition
Purpose: Practise the functional item of Supposition. (P. 33 Part 2; P.113, wb Ex. 3)
(Retell; act out; role play)
V. 巩固 (Consolidation) 6m
(Discussion; interview; press conference; debate; quiz)
Activity 9: role play
Suppose you were head of a village, scientist, journalist and villager, make up a conversation and ask several groups to demonstrate in front of the class.
* The Ss are encouraged to use the words and expression_r_rs like pollution, damage, be fit for, turn into, the if- clause, etc.
Activity 10: Discussion
Think of the question: Are we causing damage to the world?
What should we do to save the earth and protect our environment especially in our daily life?
Collect their answers and form a report.
VI. 作业 (Homework) 1m (Writing; continue the story; recite; retell)
Write a letter to the mayor, telling him sth. about the pollution around your school.
一、说教材：
1、教材简析：
我说课的内容是江苏牛津中学英语教材9A第3单元Teenage problems中的Integrated skills部分。本单元通过青少年中存在的问题和困扰这一主题，引出话题，谈论话题。由于学生对这一话题极感兴趣，我在教学中准备使用多种教学手段设置情景，有效地把单词和句型情景相结合，注重听说训练，使语言点的训练密切联系生活实际，达到灵活运用，学以致用的目的。
2、教学目标：
依据英语新课标所提出的总目标并根据本年段学生认知水平，我制定了如下教学目标：
a、 能听懂、会说、会读和会拼写单词和词组.
b、能听懂、会说、会读和会写句型.
c、 能正确地听懂、掌握A板块前半部分听力内容，并能以较好的语音语调流畅地朗读后半部分的课文填空。
d、能用本课所学语言讨论青少年中存在的问题
3、教学重点、难点：
教学重点：正确拼读本课四会单词和句型，能流利地用所学句型进行情景会话。
二、说教法和学法
根据我对《英语课程标准》的理解和九年级学生的生理和心理特点，我将教学本课的指导思想确定为：让学生主体参与，主动探究，合作互动，充分发展。具体采用如下教学方法：
1、情景教学法：
通过设置较为真实的情景，使学生产生身临其境的感觉，激起学生情感上的共鸣，从而引导学生从整体上理解和运用语言，促进学生的语言能力及情感、意志、想象力、创造力等整体发展。
2、小组学习法：
每4人一组，可两两交流，也可自由选择，在互动中互相启发发生思维的碰撞。同时注意保证每个学生都有机会参与学习，培养学生与伙伴合作的意识和策略，提高人际交往能力。
3、练习法：
把大多课堂时间留给学生，使学生在多信息、高密度、快节奏的灵活操练中拓宽学习渠道。
另外，考虑到B板块为对话教学部分，我在这一环节的教学中主要侧重于学生朗读能力的培养，在训练听说的同时加强朗读指导，一方面可以培养学生朗读的基本技巧，另一方面也可以检查学生对课文理解的情况，进而培养学生的自主学习能力。
三、说教学程序
1、对话导入，学习新知
a、 以“Teenage problems”为主题及线索组织教学。课前在教室里头稍作布置，背景音乐的选择体现了牛津初中英语板块之间的自由组合，也为后面的教学做了一个提早渗透，这样，学生在轻松愉快的气氛中进入本课的学习，接着我向学生展示课件，引出青少年问题的话题，同时教授新词。由介绍学生自己的问题入手无形中拉近了与学生的距离，使学生备感亲切。
b、在学生展示自己作品的语境中，用多种手段，如:作品、图片、照片、简笔画等呈现。学生边学边进行听、说、拼读及运用，坚持循序渐进，由易而难的原则教学新知识。
2、巩固拓展，强化新知
a、 在情境中不断使用新句型，学生不仅学会了新的词组，而且不可避免地涉及到了旧知。同时也激发了学生的求知欲，想学更多的有关的词汇来介绍自己的问题，并向他人寻求有效的建议和意见，达到了学中用，用中学的目的，给予他们成功的乐趣。
b、仍以“Teenage problems”为场景由学生分小组自创小对话进行表演。要求问到前面所学句型并要求用到本课时所学的交际用语。通过这样的练习形式让学生主体参与，学生的思维处于积极兴奋的状态，有利于提高课堂学习效率。
3、指导朗读，感知课文
a、 在小对话表演告一段落时，自然导入A部分对话教学。然后播放多媒体课件让学生感知课文，为了让学生在听的过程中有所侧重，引起他们的有意注意，让他们带着问题去听。
b、播放录音再感知课文，以选择题的形式检查学生理解课文的情况。
c、跟读课文，为避免反复朗读时的过于枯燥，设计小小配音员的训练环节。
d、学生分角色朗读对话，指导学生在朗读时利用手势、表情、动作、声音等手法，以加强语言的表现力，更生动地传达说话人的思想和感情，使学生能在熟练朗读的基础上更深地理解对话内容。
4、面向全体，作业分层
为了满足不同类型不同层次学生的需求，在作业布置上我尝试进行分层教学即让程度较差的学生做a类作业;程度中等的学生做b类作业;程度较好的学生做c类作业，当然，也可以根据自己的兴趣特长进行自由选择。
a、朗读并抄写要求四会掌握的单词和词组;
b、听录音，朗读课文，并根据所学话题进行自由交谈并形成文字稿。
通过这样的作业形式争取让每一个孩子都学有所获，从而达到激励全体学生努力学习的目的。
一、教材分析：
1、教材的地位及作用：
第二册第五单元第二节课， 本单元围绕做"比较"( Makingcomparison) 这个题材开展多种教学活动，它与上一单元联系紧密，是它的延续。本节课是本单元的重点，表示数量的some,few的比较。通过学习的比较等级，进一步加深对比较等级的语法现象的理解和运用。同时通过some,few比较等级在陈述句与疑问句中的操练，进一步提高学生听、说、读、写综合素质能力。
2、教学目标：(知识目标、能力目标、德育目标)
知识目标：
(1)学习、掌握some,few的比较等级;
(2)学习单词strong。
能力目标：提高学生听、说、读、写及知识自学的综合能力。
德育目标：教育学生热爱劳动。不臀藁?No pains,no gains)。
确立教学目标的依据：
根据英语教学大纲规定，通过听、说、读、写的训练，使学生获得英语基础知识和为交际初步运用英语的能力，激发学生的学习兴趣，为进一步学习打好初步的基础。此外，根据我国国情和外语教学大纲的要求，现阶段外语教学的素质教育主要包括思想素质教育、目的语素质教育、潜在外语能力的培养、非智力因素的培养等四方面。
3、重点与难点：
重点：学习表示数量some, a few的比较等级。
难点：some, a few的比较等级在实际生活中的应用。
确立重点与难点的依据：
根据教学大纲的要求，及本课在教材中所处的地位和作用。
二、教材处理：
根据以上对教材的分析，同时针对中国学生学习外语存在一定困难的实际情况。首先给学生创造外语语言氛围，身临其境地把学生带到农场里。同时激发学生学习兴趣，使学生在参与农场的一系列活动中，掌握知识。最后通过做游戏对学生所学知识点进行训练，从而达到巩固知识的目的。
三、教学方法：
通过五步教学法，精讲巧练，由浅入深，由易到难，由已知到未知，循序渐进地深化教学内容。展开以教师为主导，以学生为主体的师生双边活动。
四、教学手段：
主要以现代化电教手段--多媒体辅助教学，贯穿整个教学过程。增加了直观性和趣味性，加大了课堂密度，提高了教学效果。
五、教学程序：
1、新课导入
为了激发学生的学习兴趣，引起注意，拉近师生距离，首先告诉学生这节课我将带他们去一个(转载自中国教师站文摘，请保留此标记。)有趣的地方，并请他们依据我的提示猜测要去哪里? 当学生猜出去农场时，我们便"上车"， 一路欢歌(PickingApples)去农场。随着"嘎"的刹车声，电脑打出农场全景， 给学生一种身临其境的感觉，导入正课。
2、新课的讲解
本课利用多媒体教学手段展示了一幅幅色彩逼真、形象生动的画面，配有汽车声、动物的叫声，栩栩如生。以学生在农场里劳动为主线，通过树上结多少苹果，学生摘多少苹果，卡车运多少苹果筐，以及劳动后学生吃多少苹果的比较，将some,few的比较等级在一系列既关联又相对独立的语境中详细讲解，反复演练，使学生全面掌握。其中多媒体展示的动画部分更具特色，充分地调动了学生的积极性，吸引了全体学生的注意力，达到了教育教学目的，培养学生思想素质、情感素质和英语语言素质。
3、反复操练和巩固应用
为了调动学生的积极性，利用Work in threes,in pairs,in row,in group,及Boys ask,Girls answer等多种不同方式操练巩固。使学生处于积极思维的状态之中，全方位、多角度培养学生运用英语的能力。
4、反馈练习
本课的又一次高潮是将游戏与练习有机结合，融为一体。设计下棋游戏，棋盘为20个格，每格均为在苹果园里劳动的情景，并配有本课的重点--比较等级的练习题。棋盘的上一男一女分别代表男生和女生两大组，值得一提的是决定男女生在棋盘上走几步的转盘，是用本课重点词汇fewest,fewer,a few,some,more和most组成，使学生在玩中进一步体会数量some,a few的比较等级的运用。学生通过转轮，边做游戏边做练习，寓教于乐，极大地激发学生学习兴趣，同时巩固了学生所学的知识。
5、归纳总结
本课除了板书所呈现的重点内容外，又把本课内容浓缩成韵律诗形式，巧妙地总结本课重点、难点，学生又通过优美的旋律、音韵动力听的节奏。进一步巩固，加强对本课内容的理解和运用。
6、展示板书
Unit 5 Lesson 18
Kate some apples.
Jim has more apples than Kate.
Meimei the most of all.
The first truck a few baskets.
The second one is carrying fewer tham the first.
The third one the fewest of all.
本课以素质教育为目的，结合教材重点、难点及英语学科特点，利用多媒体辅助教学，从视、听、说等方面使学生得到锻炼，在愉快、轻松的氛围中温故而知新，达到初步运用英语交际的能力。由于缺少经验，在教学过程中难免会出现不足，敬请各位老师不吝赐。
豆瓣酱7
微课，是指运用信息技术按照认知规律，呈现碎片化学习内容、过程及扩展素材的结构化数字资源。下面为大家分享了初中英语微课的教案，一起来看看吧！
一．教材分析
教学内容
本单元的中心话题是“克隆”，克隆这个词学生还是很感兴趣的，所以课前老师可以叫他们通过讨论和阅读有关克隆的内容，了解克隆的含义、克隆的技术发展、克隆对人类带来的好处以及人类对克隆这一问题的争议。阅读部分介绍了植物与动物克隆的区别、多莉羊的诞生与死亡以及由此引发的争论。帮助学生进一步认识克隆的意义在于解决医学上的难题，为人类服务。
教材处理
本科结合教材的实际对教材内容、编排顺序等进行了调整、删除和补充，把阅读前、阅读中和阅读后三部分有机整和起来。
(1) 导入新颖，激发兴趣。“读前阶段”通过图片导入的形式，激活学生大脑中的图式。同时，结合标题预测，使学生对即将阅读的内容有一定的预测，激发阅读兴趣。
(2) 循序渐进、创意安排。“读中阶段”引导学生进行语篇的整体感知，了解课文的概况；培养学生同义转换及归纳概括的能力。
(3) 适度拓展、开发思维。“读后阶段”拓展学生的发散性思维，在训练学生阅读技能的基础上了解克隆这门生物技术以及有关的争议。
二．teaching goals（教学目标）
target language（目标语言）
a．important words and expressions
clone, commercial, producer, undertake, arbitrary, object, forbid, accumulate, cast down, object to, the media, in favour of
b．important sentences
1) but at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in1996 with a breakthrough---the cloning of dolly the sheep.
2) altogether dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.
3) the fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.
4) then came the disturbing news that dolly had become seriously ill.
ability goals （能力目标）
enable the students to describe cloning: what is the advantages of cloning? what is the problems or dangers of cloning? what is your opinion of cloning?
learning ability goals（学能目标）
help the students learn how to describe cloning.
三．teaching important points （教学重点）
how to describe cloning.
四．teaching difficult （教学难点）
help the students analyze the writing techniques of the article.
五．teaching methods（教学方法）
skimming, task-based method and debate method.
六．teaching aids（教具准备）
a recorder, a projector and some slides.
teaching procedures & ways
stepⅰ lead-in
[设计意图]
导入部分由两个步骤组成：
首先让学生观看有关克隆动物和植物的图片。通过图片，学生们立刻领悟了本课的主题，并带着兴趣开始观看。
学生在体验中产生探究的兴趣后，为了启发学生思考，设计了四个问题，以激发学生的思维。
teacher: in pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. think about how they differ.
student: i think the twins and a strawberry plant are natural clones; the dolly sheep and growing new plants are man-made.
after several minutes, teacher ask some questions and let students answer these questions.
teacher: 1. dolly the sheep. it’s the most famous sheep in the world. do you know how dolly is different from other sheep?
student: she was cloned while the others were born naturally. it is the copy of another sheep.
teacher: 2. what can you see in the picture?
student: i can see a strawberry plant producing runners in a natural form of cloning.
teacher: 3.who cut the stem off the plant?
student: a gardener. and the gardener is going to put it into a pot to produce another plant. he is actually making a copy of the plant.
teacher: 4.what do you know about twins?
student: there are twins of the same sex and those of different sexes. the twins here are identical in sex and appearance and are good examples of natural clones. they carry the same genetic information. the fertilized egg has split into two while inside the mother, and so produced two identical human babies.
step ⅱ pre-reading
[设计意图]
通过阅读文章标题，引导学生对课文内容进行预测，调动学生已有的背景知识，使其产生阅读的兴趣，快速进入阅读状态。然后让学生通过快速阅读来验证自己的预测，使自身处于一种主动认知的状态。
before class, ask the students to search for some information about this topic. now show my questions on the screen, and then let them discuss with each other.
questions about cloning:
1.what is a clone?
2. how is a clone produced?
3. what benefits can humans gain from cloning?
4. what problems may arise when humans are cloned?
suggest answers:
1. a clone is an animal or plant produced naturally or artificially from the cells of another animal or plant and is exactly the same as it.
2. the cloning of plants is simple and relativity easy. it can be done by taking cuttings (man-made cloning) or letting the plant produce its own runners (natural cloning). the cloning of animals is more complicated. it was not achieved until 1996 and is fully explained in the first reading.
3. 1) medical cloning can help cure serious illnesses that ruin one’s quality of life (such as parkinson’s disease帕金森症 or alzheimer’s disease老年痴呆症).
2) it can help infertile people have babies.
4. 1) people may want to clone themselves so they can live forever.
2) people may want to clone dead children.
3) people may want to clone their favorite pets.
step ⅲ while-reading
teacher: now let’s listen to the tape. then i will give you 20 minutes to read this passage again. while reading , you should finish the following three tasks.
task 1 summarize the main idea of each paragraph.
[设计意图]
学生通过略读本文，快速找出每段的主题句，从整体上把握文章内容，不但了解此类型文章的篇章结构，学习此类型文章的写作，而且便于下一步查读。
para 1. cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.
para 2. cloning has two major uses.
para 3. the birth and death of dolly.
para 4. the effect of dolly.
para 5. it is forbidden to clone human beings.
task 2 read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
[设计意图]
学生个人先通过查读，快速找到特定信息，然后小组组员之间交流各自的答案，有疑义的地方，经过讨论，最终确定答案。这不仅让学生了解文章的具体内容，而且培养学生阅读的能力和互帮互助的团队合作精神。
task 3 choose the best answer.
[设计意图]
在阅读的'过程中，让学生结合文章对这些问题进行思考。一方面，可以培养学生的综合阅读能力，另一方面，加强学生对文章的进一步理解。
1). the main idea of the text is____
a. animal cloning is very valuable and can benefit the world.
b. animal cloning could be misused by bad people so it must be forbidden
c. animal cloning is well developed because dolly the sheep was born.
d. animal cloning raised arguments and scientists are not sure about its future.
2). ________ is used in the procedure for cloning dolly the sheep.
a. the nucleus of sheep a
b. the somatic cell of sheep a
c. the nucleus of sheep b
d. the embryo of sheep c
3). the cloning of dolly the sheep succeeded because____. a. its easier to clone a sheep than other animals b. the scientists were determined and worked hard with patience
c. the scientists were rewarded and got lots of money
d. many other attempts to clone mammals failed
4). the lamb is the clone of the cell from sheep because_____. a. it provides the egg cell b. it gives birth to the lamb c. it provides the nucleus d. it is a female sheep
5). dolly the sheep-----------.
a. looked exactly like the sheep that provides the egg
b. was the exact copy of the sheep that provides the nucleus
c. looked like the sheep that gave birth to it
d. had the characteristics of all three sheep
6). it can be inferred from the passage that a cloned animal ----------.
a. usually lives as long as the original one
b. usually lives longer than the original one
c. usually dies earlier than the original one
d. is usually as healthy as the original one
7). which of the following is wrong?
a. cloned people would live forever.
b. cloned people may be killed at will for medical aid.
c. a woman would have difficulty recognizing her real husband.
d. men will die out because a woman can give birth to a baby without a husband
8). the sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably lived ____ years. a. 3 b. 6 c. 12 d. 13
9). which of the following is not an advantage of cloning?
a. cloning can be used for medical purposes.
b. large quantities of food can be produced by cloning.
c. famous persons who have passed away can be cloned.
d. cloning can help keep animals from becoming extinct.
10). in the second paragraph, the word “straightforward” means ____.
a. uncomplicated b. honest c. frank d. difficult
step ⅳ post-reading
[设计意图]
学生已经通过略读、查读和细读，抓住了文章脉络，理解了文章内容。在此基础上，要求 更深一步理解文章，因此设计了几道习题，进一步培养和考察学生的阅读理解能力。
exercise 1 the following statements are about cloning. read them and decide if they are true or false. write the letter “t” if the statement is true. write “f” if it is false.
1). cloning means making a copy of an animal or a plant. (f)
2). gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants. (t)
3). cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants. (f)
4). dolly the sheep was the first successful clone of a mammal. (t)
5). natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants. (t)
exercise 2 read the passage again and answer these questions.
1). what are the two major uses of cloning?
2). why is it easier to make commercial plant clones than animal clones?
3). what was the first clone from an adult animal? at what age did this clone die?
4). why is cloning controversial in some countries?
step ⅴ language points
[设计意图]
使学生理解和掌握一些重点词汇的用法，进一步培养使用英语语言的能力，并加深对文章的理解。
1. identical adj.
① (常与with连用) 完全相同的
eg. these two designs are almost identical.
my opinion is identical with his.
②还有“同一的，同样的”的意思
eg. we are identical in our views of what should be done.
2. cast down :feeling unhappy and depressed (多用于被动结构或做表语) 沮丧；低沉。
eg. he was much cast down by the failure of the experiment.
anyone would be cast down by news such as that.
3. forbid vt.
[词义] vt. (to command someone not to do something) 禁止,不准
[常用搭配] forbid sth/doing sth 禁止(做)某事 forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事 forbid that … 禁止……
[反义词] allow 允许,准许
allow sth/doing sth 允许(做)某事
allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
eg. the law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.
the law forbids building on this land.
4. accumulate
vt. 收集，堆集
eg. he accumulated fortune by hard work.
the purpose of education is not just accumulating information.
vi.
eg. dust accumulated during my absence.
归纳拓展：
accumulate可作及物动词和不及物动词，表示: 收集, 聚集, 堆积。
另外 accumulation n. 积聚
如: the accumulation of knowledge 知识的积聚
step ⅵ homework
[设计意图]
受课堂时间的限制，学生对课文的理解有限，因此布置学生课后再阅读课文，并且让学生对克隆这一现象进行评价，归纳出克隆的好处以及克隆存在的问题
what are the advantages and disadvantages of cloning?
complete the exercises on page 13
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