英语必修一原文

My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was, When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said: "The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all." It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said: "... we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed.., only then did we decide to answer violence with violence." As a matter of fact, I do not like violence ... but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.

FRIENDSHIP IN HAWAIIEvery culture has its own ways to show friendship. On the islands of Hawaii, friendship is part of the "aloha spirit". In the language of the Hawaiians who first settled the islands long ago, aloha had a very special meaning. That is "to be with happiness".Hawaiians believe that once somebody loves the land, they are ready to love their people or community. This is the second most important sign of friendship. It is called lokahi in the Hawaiian language, which means "oneness with all people". To enjoy the land you should not be selfish. The land is for everyone who lives on it. Today many different peoples call Hawaii their home. Indeed, Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities. Each person gives kokua (help) to other people so that all feel stronger. It is believed that the islands can be a paradise when people live in peace. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea. When problems happen, people are asked to solve them with understanding. So when the people of Hawaii talk about ohana (family), they are really talking about all those who live on the islands. Living in peace, Hawaiians have developed a third sign of friendship. This personal friendship is shown by giving leis to one another. The lei, a string of flowers, is put over a friend's neck. Then the friend is given a kiss on the cheek. Visitors to the islands are also given leis. When they hear aloha, visitors begin to feel at home. Aloha also means "goodbye", so visitors will hear it again when they leave. It can also mean "our hearts singing together". Perhaps this is how most visitors will remember their new friendship.附加翻译：每种文化都有其表达友好的方式。在夏威夷群岛，友谊是“aloha”精神的一部分。很久以前，最早期的夏威夷居民的语言中，“aloha”有种特殊的含义，就是“快乐相伴”。 夏威夷人相信：一旦某个人爱上了一片土地，他就会爱上生活在那里的人们。这是第二种最重要的友好的标记。在夏威夷语言中，叫做“lokahi”，意思是“所有人是一体”，这片土地是所有居民的共同家园，当你在这里享受生活的时候你不能自私。现在有很多不同的人把夏威夷称为自己的家乡。实际上夏威夷是很多小的社区构成的一个大的社区。人们都互相帮助，这使他们每个人觉得自己更有力量。人们相信如果彼此都能和平相处的话，夏威夷就会变成天堂。人们提倡行为举止要想海风一样温和有礼，而当出现问题的时候，解决问题的时候要体谅对方。所以当夏威夷人谈论家庭的时候，实际是在谈论岛上所有的居民。 在平静的生活中，夏威夷人发展了第三种表达友谊的标记。就是用送“lei”给朋友，"lei”是把鲜花连成一串，挂到朋友的脖子上，然后在朋友面颊上吻一下，“lei”也会送给来岛的游客。当游客们听到“aloha”时，他们感觉回到了家里一样。“aloha”也有再见的意思，所以当游客们离开时，还会听到人们说aloha”，"aloha”还可以表达“我们的心灵一起歌唱”的意思。也许多数游客就是这样记住了他们的新朋友。