sky刘小子
新课标高中英语选修6课文第二单元reading原文及翻译：A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMSThere are various reasons why people write poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression. Others try to convey certain emotions. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. In this text, however, we will look at a few of the simpler forms.Some of the first poetry a young child learns in English is nursery rhymes. These rhymes like the one on the right (A) are still a common type of children's poetry. The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.A Hush, little baby, don't say a word,Papa's going to buy you a mockingbird.If that mockingbird won't sing,Papa's going to buy you a diamond ring.If that diamond ring turns to brass,Papa's going to buy you a looking-glass.If that looking-glass gets broke,Papa's going to buy you a billy-goat.If that billy-goat runs away,Papa's going to buy you another today.One of the simplest kinds of poems are those like B and C that list things. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C).BI saw a fish-pond all on firel saw a fish-pond all on fire,I saw a house bow to a squire,I saw a person twelve-feet high,I saw a cottage in the sky,I saw a balloon made of lead,I saw a coffin drop down dead,I saw two sparrows run a race,I saw two horses making lace,I saw a girl just like a cat,I saw a kitten wear a hat,I saw a man who saw these too,And said though strange they all were true.COur first football matchWe would have won ...if Jack had scored that goal,if we'd had just a few more minutes,if we had trained harder,if Ben had passed the ball to Joe,if we'd had thousands of fans screaming,if I hadn't taken my eye off the ball,if we hadn't stayed up so late the night before,if we hadn't taken it easy,if we hadn't run out of energy.We would have won ...if we'd been better! Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines. With these, students can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Look at the examples (D and E) on the top of the next page.DBrotherBeautiful, athleticTeasing, shouting, laughingFriend and enemy tooMineESummerSleepy, saltyDrying, drooping, dreadingWeek in, week outEndlessHaiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of words. The two haiku poems (F and G) above are translations from the Japanese.FA fallen blossomIs coming back to the branch.Look, a butterfly!(by Moritake)Gwww.2abc8.comSnow having melted,The whole village is brimfulOf happy children.(by Issa)Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry — Tang poems from China in particular? A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English. This Tang poem (H) is atranslation from the Chinese.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own. It is easier than you might think and certainly worth a try!HWhere she awaits her husbandOn and on the river flows.Never looking back,Transformed into stone.Day by day upon the mountain top,wind and rain revolve.Should the journeyer return,this stone would utter speech.译文人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。有些诗是为了叙事,或者说是描述某件事并给读者以强烈的印象。而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。诗人用许多不同格式的诗来表达自己的情感。本文只谈了几种格式比较简 单的诗。孩子们最早学习的英文诗是童谣。像右边的这首童谣(A)至今仍然是常见的。童谣的语言具体但富 有想象力,这能使小孩子们快乐,因为它们押韵,节奏感强,并较多重复。童谣不一定有什么意义,甚至 (有的)看来自相矛盾,但是它们容易学,也容易背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏,孩子们学习了语言。 (A)小宝宝,别说话,爸爸给你买个小嘲鸟。小嘲鸟,不会唱,爸爸给你买个钻石戒。钻石戒,变成铜,爸爸给你买个小镜子。小镜子,打破了,爸爸给你买个小山羊。小山羊,跑掉了。爸爸今天再去给你买一只。像(B)和(C)这样的列举事物的清单诗是诗歌中最简单的一种。清单诗可长可短,可以重复一些 短语,较为灵活,形成固定句型和诗的节奏。有些清单诗有韵脚(如B) ,但有一些没有(如C)。(B)我看到鱼塘在燃烧我看到鱼塘在燃烧,我看到房子向地主哈腰。我看到人高一丈八,我看到茅屋在天郊。我看到汽球用铝做,我看到棺材把死人抛。 我看到两只麻雀在赛跑,我看到两匹马儿绣花包。我看到姑娘像只猫,我看到小猫戴花帽。我看到有人在一旁瞄,虽奇怪,但也把实情报。(C)我们的第一场球赛 我们本来会得冠….. .如果杰克踢进了那个球,如果我们还有几分钟,如果我们训练得更严格,如果本把球传给了乔,如果有大批球迷助威,如果我死死盯住球,如果我们头晚不熬夜,如果我们没有放松警惕,如果我们没有精疲力竭,我们本来是会得冠......如果我们能干得更好!另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的,叫做五行诗。用五行诗,学生可以用少量的词语传递一幅动人的画面。请看下一页上端的D和E两个例子。(D)兄弟爱美,又爱运动爱闹,爱叫,又爱笑是我的朋友也是我的敌人(E)夏天困乏,咸涩干润,枯萎,恐怖周而复始 永无止境徘句诗(Haiku)是一种日本诗,由17个音节组成。它不属英诗的传统形式,但是在用英语写作的人 们中间,这种诗也是很流行的。它容易写,而且像五行诗一样,它可以用最少的词语呈现出一幅清晰的画面,表达出一种特殊的感情。下面两首徘句诗(右边的F和G)就是从日文翻译出来的。(F)落下的花朵回到了树枝上。瞧啊,是个蝴蝶!(G)雪儿融化了,整个村庄充满着欢乐的儿童。(作者: Issa)(H)望夫石王健望夫处,江悠悠。化为石,不回头。山头日日风复雨,行人归来石应语。
松涛学大教育
pantoum， Iva’s PantoumMarilyn Hacker, 1942We pace each other for a long time.I packed my anger with the beef jerky.You are the baby on the mountain. I am in a cold stream where I led you.I packed my anger with the beef jerky.You are the woman sticking her tongue out in a cold stream where I led you.You are the woman with spring water palms.You are the woman sticking her tongue out.I am the woman who matches sounds.You are the woman with spring water palms.I am the woman who copies.You are the woman who matches sounds.You are the woman who makes up words. You are the woman who copiesher cupped palm with her fist in clay.I am the woman who makes up words.You are the woman who shapesa drinking bowl with her fist in clay.I am the woman with rocks in her pockets.I am the woman who shapes.I was a baby who knew names.You are the child with rocks in her pockets.You are the girl in a plaid dress.You are the woman who knows names.You are the baby who could fly.You are the girl in a plaid dressupside-down on the monkey bars.You are the baby who could flyover the moon from a swinging perchupside-down on the monkey bars.You are the baby who eats meat.Over the moon from a swinging perchthe feathery goblin calls her sister.You are the baby who eats meatthe bitch wolf hunts and chews for you.The feathery goblin calls her sister:“You are braver than your mother.The bitch wolf hunts and chews for you.What are you whining about now?”You are braver than your motherand I am not a timid woman:what are you whining about now?My palms itch with slick anger,and I’m not a timid woman.You are the woman I can’t mention;my palms itch with slick anger.You are the heiress of scraped knees.You are the woman I can’t mentionto a woman I want to love.You are the heiress of scaped knees:scrub them in mountain water.To a woman, I want to lovewomen you could turn into,scrub them in mountain water,stroke their astonishing faces.Women you could turn intothe scare mask of Bad Motherstroke their astonishing facesin the silver-scratched sink mirror.The scare mask of Bad Mothercrumbles to chunked, pinched clay,sinks in the silver-scratched mirror.You are the Little Robber Girl, whocrumbles the clay chunks, pinchesher friend, givers her a sharp knife.You are the Little Robber Girl, whowas any witch’s youngest daughter.Our friend gives you a sharp knife,shows how the useful blades open.Was any witch’s youngest daughtergolden and bold as you? You run andshow how the useful blades open.You are the baby on the mountain. I am golden and bold as you. You run and we pace each other for a long time.还有 tanka，rondeau，ballad， epistle，triolet，epigram，epic，ode，limerick，sonnet，sestina，等等。再给你一个sonnet的例子：Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? (Sonnet 18)William Shakespeare, 1564 - 1616Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st,Nor shall death brag thou wand’rest in his shade,When in eternal lines to Time thou grow’st. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
