中国鼓的英文介绍

[鼓手教学]爵士鼓的详细资料2006年11月17日 星期五 上午 10:59套鼓(DRUM SET)俗称(爵士鼓),我们这里将要介绍的,是以(传统款式)来举例。爵士鼓的(爵士)二字,?K不能完全确定是翻译自何处,一个说法是,因为早期的音乐都和(爵士)相关,所以该年代的意境可能已经让原翻译者印象深刻,故才有此一翻.因为在国外,只有叫(DRUM SET),也就是(套鼓)。1. 大鼓:BASS DRUM 简称(B.D) 实际的翻译名称是(低音鼓)尺寸是直径:20/22/24/26深度不等标准SIZE:22寸直径乘以16寸深度2. 小鼓:SNARE DRUM 简称(S.D.) 实际的翻译名称是(响线鼓)小鼓的底部有安装响线（SNARE),可以用小鼓侧面的板机来*作，分别做安上与分离的切换。尺寸是直径：13/14 深度从3寸到8寸标准SIZE:14寸直径乘以5又1/2寸深度小鼓是最复杂的鼓,搞懂小鼓,你就几乎可以面对所有的鼓。安上响线是有响线的声音,分离响线之时,小鼓将变成和其他的鼓一样的结构与发音。1)一般选用的上鼓皮可能会不同于其他的鼓所使用的款式。2)底皮是配上所有鼓皮中最薄的一种，利于响线的发音及震动。3)调音上也会偏高,上下都比一般鼓调得紧，这是为配合安上响线时的必需弹性。4)扣住鼓皮的螺丝多2-4根，利于细微调音。小鼓大多是14寸直径,偶有13，主要问题是在于深度。以下是深度对音乐风格的直接影响：3-5寸适合FUNK/拉丁/电子或JAZZ5-5又1/2寸适合一般各式流行乐,但拉丁类或METAL就有不足6-8寸适合ROCK/METAL/工业/DEATHFUSION是融合各种音乐所以限制比较少补充：小鼓的响线各式各样,一般迁涉的是密度、材质、长短。条数教多，打出来的点自然比较密集,而越长的共振区越大。而羊肠类的塑料线也比金属线的来的响亮。3. 中音鼓:TOM TOM 简称(T.T.)架设在大鼓上排的几乎都是T.T. 可以加装无限多个。尺寸是直径:6-16寸各式，8-15寸深度不等。5鼓组直径SIZE:12/13寸直径乘以11/12寸深度。(5鼓组 5 PIECE DRUM SET 是指大鼓*1/小鼓*1/TOM*2/落地*14. 落地鼓FLOOR TOM 简称(F.T.)这个翻译是(地板桶)有趣的是,这个可是中文翻译上唯一正确的一种鼓的名称。意思是:架在地上形式的TOM TOM鼓。尺寸是直径:16/18寸 深度14-16寸标准SIZE: 16寸直径乘以16寸深度5. 其余有：ROTO TOM/OCTOBANS TOMS/TIMPANI(定音鼓)/电子鼓/CONCERT TOM等，还有敲击乐器的 CONGA/BONGO/TIMBALE/COWBELL(牛铃)/TAMBOURINE(铃鼓)等。是属于套鼓周边配备，也可以合并使用,爵士鼓（Jazz drum）亦称“组鼓”、“套鼓”，俗称“架子鼓”。它是爵士乐鼓手、电声乐队鼓手以及其他通俗音乐使用的打击乐器。爵士鼓的雏形可以追溯到1890年，当时舞台乐队鼓手抛开传统的鼓谱，而用自由表达的节奏表现其节奏感，现代节奏的萌芽始于此时。美国新奥尔良的爵士乐队和拉格泰姆乐队的鼓手们使用军乐队中的低音大鼓和小鼓，采用一种“双击”的演奏技巧，即把低音大鼓和小鼓放在可以相互反击的位置上，由一人同时用鼓槌的头部和柄部击奏。他们根据音乐的不同风格常常作即兴演奏，低音大鼓除用鼓槌头部击奏外，有时还用柄部击奏。1910年至1920年为“拉格泰姆”（Ragtime）时代，其特征为左手演奏“进行曲”节奏的低音，而右手则演奏以切分音为主的旋律。左右手形成此起彼落的节奏重音。虽然当时的鼓手们喜欢自由表现，不依鼓谱，但他们能看懂鼓谱，也了解音乐的句法，他们的主要目的是希望把鼓的演奏带入舞台扮演重要角色。1920年是“爵士”（Jazz）乐风盛行的高峰，年轻的鼓手们以鼓手独奏（Drum Solo）为其新的特色，他们在节奏上、技巧上各自创新，争出风头。在众多鼓手中，需懂得“振琴”（Vibes）、“钟琴”（Bells）、“排钟”（Chimes）、“定音鼓”（Timpani）等打击乐器，才配称为一流的鼓手。1935年后，鼓手的声名达到顶点，鼓艺广泛流行于民众当中，到处可听到、见到鼓的演奏。任何的舞台表演都有一番精彩的爵士鼓独奏。一些出名的鼓手甚至拥有自己的乐队。鼓的演奏技巧及演奏形式不断地、迅速地改变，许多墨守成规者被淘汰。爵士乐鼓手经常在马戏、杂耍以及其他一些场合中演奏，由于音乐衔接和音响效果的需要，一大批传统的打击乐器和一些新奇的代用打击乐器被相继使用，并逐渐成为爵士乐队专有的打击乐器。比如“牛铃”（Cowbells）、“木鱼”、“堂鼓”、“铜鼓”、“钟铃”以及“洗衣板”等等，都曾使用了很长一段时间。当然，许多打击乐器后来并没有成为爵士鼓中的标准乐器，在20世纪20年代，有些被淘汰，有些被改良了。比如，中国的堂鼓则被一种能够调制音调高低的桶鼓所代替。踩镲出现于1927年，它是由一种叫“索克”（Sock）的手握式双镲演变而来。这种镲不但可用脚踏奏，同时还可以用手槌演奏，这样，演奏者可以奏出生动、活泼、多变的音响效果，因此，现已成为爵士鼓中不可缺少的一件乐器。20世纪50世代，鼓的独奏（Solo）被视为典范。其中包括手鼓（Finger — drumming）。其基本技巧是右手棒击大铜钹（Ride — Cymbal）以维系拍子；脚踩镲（俗称高帽High — Hat）则稳定地击于空拍（Off — Beat），右脚踏重音于大鼓，左手棒击小鼓于次重音，可击打皮面或边框。作为一名现代爵士鼓手，除能独奏外，还应有能力与乐队配合以及进行各种舞台表演。20世纪50至60年代，由于新技术的发展以及摇滚乐的兴起，除一些奇特的打击乐器如“邦戈鼓”（Bongos）等，双低音双鼓已在爵士乐队中普遍使用。桶鼓的数量也增加到七个或更多。同时，一些传统的打击乐器，如“牛铃”等也被重新启用。近年来，国外的一些乐器制造商，为了使爵士鼓能够很方便地随时调制音调的高低，采用了交响乐队中定音鼓的鼓圈和转动鼓体改变鼓皮松紧的原理，制成一种薄型单皮桶鼓，现已被鼓手们大量采用。随着演奏技术和科学技术的进步，爵士鼓将会有更新更快的发展。------------查看文章 Article View[鼓手教学]爵士鼓的详细资料 [Drummer teaching] Details of bass drums 2006年11月17日 星期五 上午 10:59 November 17, 2006 10:59 am Friday 套鼓(DRUM SET)俗称(爵士鼓),我们这里将要介绍的,是以(传统款式)来举例。 Drum kits (DRUM SET), commonly known as (bass drums), we will be introduced here, is (traditional styles), for example.爵士鼓的(爵士)二字,?K不能完全确定是翻译自何处,一个说法是,因为早期的音乐都和(爵士)相关,所以该年代的意境可能已经让原翻译者印象深刻,故才有此一翻.因为在国外,只有叫(DRUM SET),也就是(套鼓)。 The bass drums (Jazz) word? K is not fully determine where the translation, one argument is that because both early music and (Sir) relevant, that may have been in the mood to let the original translation was impressed, there would be read here. Because abroad, only called ( DRUM SET), which is (drum kit).1. 大鼓:BASS DRUM 简称(B.D) 实际的翻译名称是(低音鼓) 1. Drum: BASS DRUM (PRC B.D) is the name of the actual translation (bass drum)尺寸是直径:20/22/24/26深度不等
标准SIZE:22寸直径乘以16寸深度 Yes diameter size: 20/22/24/26 depth ranging from
standards SIZE: 22-inch diameter multiplied by the 16-inch depth2. 小鼓:SNARE DRUM 简称(S.D.) 实际的翻译名称是(响线鼓) 2. Janet: SNAREs DRUM short (SD) is the actual translation of the name (sound of drums)小鼓的底部有安装响线（SNARE),可以用小鼓侧面的板机来*作，分别做安上与分离的切换。 Saw the bottom line installed ring (SNAREs), can marry side of the plate to make *, and have installed separately from the switch.尺寸是直径：13/14 深度从3寸到8寸
标准SIZE:14寸直径乘以5又1/2寸深度 Yes diameter size: 13/14 inch depth from 3 to 8 inches
standards SIZE: 14-inch diameter multiplied by 5 1 / 2-inch depth小鼓是最复杂的鼓,搞懂小鼓,你就几乎可以面对所有的鼓。 Ching is the most complex drums, let saw, you can face almost all the drum.安上响线是有响线的声音,分离响线之时,小鼓将变成和其他的鼓一样的结构与发音。 The placement of a ring-ring line is the voice of the ring for separation, and other Israelis will become the same drum structure and pronunciation.1)一般选用的上鼓皮可能会不同于其他的鼓所使用的款式。 1) The general chosen on the skin may be different from other models used by the drum.2)底皮是配上所有鼓皮中最薄的一种，利于响线的发音及震动。 2) is equipped with all the skin at the end of the thinnest skin a kind of ring to the sound and vibration.3)调音上也会偏高,上下都比一般鼓调得紧，这是为配合安上响线时的必需弹性。 3) mixer, it will also high, upper and lower than normal drum - tightly built, which is the placement of the ring line with the necessary flexibility.4)扣住鼓皮的螺丝多2-4根，利于细微调音。 4) link with the screwdriver and more skin-2-4, to fine tuning.小鼓大多是14寸直径,偶有13，主要问题是在于深度。 Israelis are mostly 14-inch diameter, sometimes 13, the main issue is the depth. 以下是深度对音乐风格的直接影响： Following is the depth of the direct impact of music styles:3-5寸适合FUNK/拉丁/电子或JAZZ 3-5 inches for Funk / Latin / electronics or economics5-5又1/2寸适合一般各式流行乐,但拉丁类或METAL就有不足 5-5 1 / 2 inches for all kinds of pop music in general, but the Latin category or have insufficient METAL6-8寸适合ROCK/METAL/工业/DEATH 6-8 inches for ROCK / METAL / industrial / DEATHFUSION是融合各种音乐所以限制比较少
补充：小鼓的响线各式各样,一般迁涉的是密度、材质、长短。 Fusion is the fusion of music so fewer restrictions
added: saw the ring for a wide variety of general transfer for the density of material, length. 条数教多，打出来的点自然比较密集,而越长的共振区越大。 Several of the more up and the points are naturally more intensive, and the longer the district greater resonance. 而羊肠类的塑料线也比金属线的来的响亮。 Catgut and type of plastic than metal lines to the loud.3. 中音鼓:TOM TOM 简称(T.T.) 3. Tenor Drum: TOM TOM short (T.T.)架设在大鼓上排的几乎都是T.T. 可以加装无限多个。 Set up in the ranks drum almost T.T. can install an unlimited number.尺寸是直径:6-16寸各式，8-15寸深度不等。 Ward is the size-16-inch diameter various ,8-15-inch depth range.5鼓组直径SIZE:12/13寸直径乘以11/12寸深度。 Five drum diameter SIZE: 12/13 inch diameter multiplied by the depth of 11/12 inches.(5鼓组 5 PIECE DRUM SET 是指大鼓*1/小鼓*1/TOM*2/落地*1 (5 5 piece drum DRUM SET refers to a drum * / * Janet 1/TOM * 2 / * a landing4. 落地鼓FLOOR TOM 简称(F.T.) 4. TOM short landing drum FLOOR (F.T.)这个翻译是(地板桶)有趣的是,这个可是中文翻译上唯一正确的一种鼓的名称。 This translation is (floor barrels) interesting is that the Chinese translation, but the only correct name of a drum. 意思是:架在地上形式的TOM TOM鼓。 Means: frame in the form of ground TOM TOM drum.尺寸是直径:16/18寸 深度14-16寸
标准SIZE: 16寸直径乘以16寸深度 Yes diameter size: 16/18 inch depth of 14-16 inches
standards SIZE: 16-inch diameter multiplied by the 16-inch depth5. 其余有：ROTO TOM/OCTOBANS TOMS/TIMPANI(定音鼓)/电子鼓/CONCERT TOM等，还有敲击乐器的 CONGA/BONGO/TIMBALE/COWBELL(牛铃)/TAMBOURINE(铃鼓)等。 5. The rest are: ROTO TOM / OCTOBANS TOMS / TIMPANI (NT) / electronic drum / CONCERT TOM, the other percussion instruments CONGA / BONGO / TIMBALE / COWBELL (cow bell) / TAMBOURINE (beat). 是属于套鼓周边配备，也可以合并使用, Sets are equipped with drum peripheral, the merger can also use,爵士鼓（Jazz drum）亦称“组鼓”、“套鼓”，俗称“架子鼓”。 Bass drums (Jazz drum) known as "drum group", "drum kit", commonly known as "Lesson." 它是爵士乐鼓手、电声乐队鼓手以及其他通俗音乐使用的打击乐器。 It is jazz drummer, vocal and instrument orchestra, drummer and other percussion instruments used in popular music.爵士鼓的雏形可以追溯到1890年，当时舞台乐队鼓手抛开传统的鼓谱，而用自由表达的节奏表现其节奏感，现代节奏的萌芽始于此时。 Bass drums can be traced back to the embryonic form in 1890, when the stage band drummer traditional drum set aside spectrum, and the freedom of expression with its sense of rhythm rhythm, the rhythm of modern began sprouting time. 美国新奥尔良的爵士乐队和拉格泰姆乐队的鼓手们使用军乐队中的低音大鼓和小鼓，采用一种“双击”的演奏技巧，即把低音大鼓和小鼓放在可以相互反击的位置上，由一人同时用鼓槌的头部和柄部击奏。 New Orleans jazz band, and drummer Return to the use of military band bass drum and marry, adopt a "double-click" performing skills, which is the big bass drum and saw each other on the counter position, a person at the same time with Alexander in the head and hit stems played. 他们根据音乐的不同风格常常作即兴演奏，低音大鼓除用鼓槌头部击奏外，有时还用柄部击奏。 According to their music for the different styles often impromptu performances, in addition to the big bass drum played by Alexander hit his head, and sometimes played with stems strike.1910年至1920年为“拉格泰姆”（Ragtime）时代，其特征为左手演奏“进行曲”节奏的低音，而右手则演奏以切分音为主的旋律。 1910-1920 as "Ragtime" (RAGTIME) era, characterized by the left hand playing "march" bass rhythm, and his right hand while playing the main melody in syncopation. 左右手形成此起彼落的节奏重音。 One after another handed form of rhythmic stress. 虽然当时的鼓手们喜欢自由表现，不依鼓谱，但他们能看懂鼓谱，也了解音乐的句法，他们的主要目的是希望把鼓的演奏带入舞台扮演重要角色。 Although drummer like free expression, failing drum spectrum, but they can read the dark spectrum, and also understands music syntax, their main objective is to play into the drum of the stage play an important role.1920年是“爵士”（Jazz）乐风盛行的高峰，年轻的鼓手们以鼓手独奏（Drum Solo）为其新的特色，他们在节奏上、技巧上各自创新，争出风头。 1920 is "Jazz" (Jazz) style popular peak, the young drummer in their solo drummer (Drum Solo) for the new features, they paced, innovative skills on their own and scramble to put on airs. 在众多鼓手中，需懂得“振琴”（Vibes）、“钟琴”（Bells）、“排钟”（Chimes）、“定音鼓”（Timpani）等打击乐器，才配称为一流的鼓手。 Among drummer, to understand, "Qin Zhen" (Bell), "Bells" (Bells), "Pai bell" (Baker), "NT" (Timpani) and other percussion instruments, it regarded as the best drummer.1935年后，鼓手的声名达到顶点，鼓艺广泛流行于民众当中，到处可听到、见到鼓的演奏。 In 1935, drummer of the famous peak, the dark arts widely popular among the people, can be heard everywhere, see the drum performances. 任何的舞台表演都有一番精彩的爵士鼓独奏。 Any theatrical performances have a brilliant solo bass drums. 一些出名的鼓手甚至拥有自己的乐队。 Some famous drummer and even has its own band. 鼓的演奏技巧及演奏形式不断地、迅速地改变，许多墨守成规者被淘汰。 Drummer playing skills and performing forms constantly and rapidly changing, many legalistic were eliminated.爵士乐鼓手经常在马戏、杂耍以及其他一些场合中演奏，由于音乐衔接和音响效果的需要，一大批传统的打击乐器和一些新奇的代用打击乐器被相继使用，并逐渐成为爵士乐队专有的打击乐器。 Jazz drummer often Circus, jugglers and other occasions performances, music and sound effects convergence needs, a large number of traditional percussion instruments and some novel alternative percussion instruments have been used, and gradually become Jazz Band proprietary percussion instruments. 比如“牛铃”（Cowbells）、“木鱼”、“堂鼓”、“铜鼓”、“钟铃”以及“洗衣板”等等，都曾使用了很长一段时间。 For example, "bell cows" (Cowbells), "MuYu", "folk", "Timbal", "Zhong Ling," and "joke" and so on, have been used for a very long time. 当然，许多打击乐器后来并没有成为爵士鼓中的标准乐器，在20世纪20年代，有些被淘汰，有些被改良了。 Of course, many of percussion instruments and not a bass drums later in the standard instruments, in the 1920s, some were eliminated and some have been upgraded. 比如，中国的堂鼓则被一种能够调制音调高低的桶鼓所代替。 For example, China was performed to a level of the modulated tones replaced by drum barrels.踩镲出现于1927年，它是由一种叫“索克”（Sock）的手握式双镲演变而来。 Stomping on a trap in 1927, it is called a "stem" (Sock) Grip double trap evolved from. 这种镲不但可用脚踏奏，同时还可以用手槌演奏，这样，演奏者可以奏出生动、活泼、多变的音响效果，因此，现已成为爵士鼓中不可缺少的一件乐器。 This trap can be used not only played the foot, but also by hand mallet playing, so that musicians can sound lively, vibrant, varied sound effects, therefore, bass drums has become an indispensable instrument.20世纪50世代，鼓的独奏（Solo）被视为典范。 Century 50 20 generations, the drum solo (Solo) was considered a model. 其中包括手鼓（Finger — drumming）。 Including display (Finger - drumming). 其基本技巧是右手棒击大铜钹（Ride — Cymbal）以维系拍子；脚踩镲（俗称高帽High — Hat）则稳定地击于空拍（Off — Beat），右脚踏重音于大鼓，左手棒击小鼓于次重音，可击打皮面或边框。 Its basic skills is the right hand blow largest copper rods cymbals (Ride - Cymbal) to sustain racket; Foot Valve (commonly known as dragon High - Hat) were stable in the air strike shoot (Off - Beat), right foot stress on the drum, hit the left bar in the Ethiopian accent, hit surface or frame. 作为一名现代爵士鼓手，除能独奏外，还应有能力与乐队配合以及进行各种舞台表演。 As a modern bass drums in hand, in addition to solo, and should have the ability to tie in with the band and a variety of theatrical performances.20世纪50至60年代，由于新技术的发展以及摇滚乐的兴起，除一些奇特的打击乐器如“邦戈鼓”（Bongos）等，双低音双鼓已在爵士乐队中普遍使用。 20 in the 50-60 century, the development of new technologies and the rise of rock, except for some unusual percussion instruments such as the "Bongo" (Bongos), double-bass-drum has been in widespread use in the Jazz Band. 桶鼓的数量也增加到七个或更多。 A barrel drum to the number seven or more. 同时，一些传统的打击乐器，如“牛铃”等也被重新启用。 At the same time, some traditional percussion instruments, such as "cow bell" has been re-opened.近年来，国外的一些乐器制造商，为了使爵士鼓能够很方便地随时调制音调的高低，采用了交响乐队中定音鼓的鼓圈和转动鼓体改变鼓皮松紧的原理，制成一种薄型单皮桶鼓，现已被鼓手们大量采用。 In recent years, some foreign instrument makers, in order for bass drums can be easily modulated tone at the level of force used in the symphony's principal rotating drum and the drum circle change of the skin tightness principle into a single thin skin barrel drums, the drummer who has been extensively used. 随着演奏技术和科学技术的进步，爵士鼓将会有更新更快的发展。 With performance technical and scientific and technological progress, bass drums will be updated faster development.

CHINESE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTSThere are many deep traditions of the bowed, plucked, wind, and percussion instrument families, and many in these families of instruments are listed here below. These instruments are used for traditional music, classical music, folk music, and modern music and compositions (there are also many other older instruments used by the many Minority groups in China). (NOTE - all of the tunings listed in the bowed and plucked instruments are from the lowest pitched strings to the highest - and the word "qin" 琴 means "instrument"): Bowed Instruments:1.Erhu 二胡 - the Chinese two string violin with metal strings, tuned a fifth interval apart, to D and A, or sometimes to C and G. "Huqin" is the name for this family of Chinese bowed instruments; and "qin" is the general name for an instrument. It is called nanju (or the nanhu 南胡 ) by Cantonese and Taiwan people.. 2.Jinghu 京胡 - the Beijing Opera two string violin pitched one octave above the erhu. The soundbox is made of bamboo and the strings are usually metal; traditionally the strings were silk, and silk strings are occasionally still used. The strings are tuned a fifth interval apart. 3.Gaohu 高胡 - the soprano version of the two string erhu, tuned a fourth interval higher than the erhu, with metal strings tuned a fifth interval apart. 4.Zhonghu 中胡 - the deeper "viola" version of the two string erhu, with metal strings tuned in fifth intervals; and tuned a fourth or a fifth lower than the erhu. 5.Gehu 革胡 - the deeper "cello" version of the two string erhu, with metal strings tuned a fifth interval apart. Bei gehu 倍革胡 is the big deeper "bass" with four metal strings tuned in fifth intervals. 6.Sihu 四胡 - an erhu type instrument with four silk strings tuned in fifth and fourth intervals, to C-G-C-G, or D-A-D-A. It sounds much like the human voice, and it has a bow which has two simultaneous bowing parts. 7.Dalei 大擂 - an erhu type instrument with the soundbox made of copper, tuned lower than the erhu, also sounding much like the human voice, with two metal strings tuned a fifth interval apart; traditionally they were tuned a fourth interval apart. 8.Banhu 板胡 - a loud erhu type instrument made of coconut, with two metal strings tuned in fifth intervals. 9.Nanju (or the Nanhu 南胡 ) - the Cantonese opera erhu, with two metal strings tuned a fifth interval apart. 10.Matouqin 马头琴 (or in Mongolian, the Morin Huur, the Morin Khuur, the Morin Xuur, the Morin Khor, or the Marinhur, or the Chaoer in eastern Mongolia), the Mongolian deep sounding two string bowed instrument that got its name from the carved horse head by the tuning pegs, with nylon or metal strings, and traditionally with horsehair strings, and they are tuned a fifth interval apart. There are three different sizes, like the Western violin, viola, and cello. Traditionally in eastern Mongolia the fingerboard is played normally like a violin, and the instrument is also called the Chaoer, but in western Mongolia, traditionally the string is played where the bottom of the nail meets the skin of the finger, so that the sound is produced with both the nail and the finger. Di Matouqin 低马头琴 - the bigger and lower pitched Matouqin, also tuned in fifth intervals. Plucked Instruments:1.Pipa 琵琶 - the four string Chinese fretted lute, with metal strings, and occasionally with silk strings. It is tuned G-C-D-G, or A-D-E-A. 2.Liuqin 柳琴 - the small pipa, the Chinese fretted lute, with three or four metal strings. It has either three strings tuned G-D-G, or four strings tuned G-D-G-D; and the four strings can also be tuned in fifths like a Western violin, to G-D-A-E. 3.Yueqin 月琴 - also called the "moon guitar", played with the Beijing Opera, a banjo-like fretted instrument with three or four metal strings. It is tuned A-D-A, or G-C-G, or D-A-D, or C-G-C; or with four strings, it is tuned D-A-D-A, or C-G-C-G. 4.Ruan 阮 - similar to the yueqin, but it has a hollow soundbox and a longer neck. It has three or four metal strings and is fretted. Xiaoruan 小阮 has three strings tuned D-A-D, or four strings tuned D-A-D-A. Zhongruan 中阮 , the medium lower ruan, has four metal strings tuned D-A-D-A, or to G-D-G-D; or tuned in fifth intervals like the Western cello to C-G-D-A, and it is fretted. Daruan 大阮, the big bass ruan, is traditionally tuned D-A-D-A, and in modern times it is also tuned in fifth intervals like the Western cello C-G-D-A, and it is usually bowed. 5.Sanxian 三弦 - the three string unfretted lute with metal, or gut, or nylon strings, with a long neck and made of snake skin. This instrument is also played in Japan, and it is also the main instrument for traditional music in Okinawa. It is tuned C-G-C. 6.Yangqin 扬琴 - the hammered dulcimer, called the "Butterfly Harp." 7.Guqin 古琴 - (or the qin), the ancient seven string Chinese zither with metal strings wrapped with nylon, played by sliding the fingernail up the strings. It originally had five strings, and was called the qin, meaning "instrument," or "stringed instrument"; and the term "gu" means ancient. The standard tuning (listed in the key of C) is G-A-C-D-E-G-A. Another very common tuning (for the key of F) is C-D-F-G-A-C-D, and there are many others. 8.Guzheng 古筝 (or the Gu-Zheng, or the Zheng, or the Cheng), the Chinese zither/ harp with 16 to 25 strings and a moveable bridge. The 18 string and the older 16 string ones have metal strings and the 21 to 25 string ones have wire strings wrapped with nylon. Traditionally the older instrument had 13 strings made of silk, and that one was the ancestor of the Japanese Koto. The two most common tunings are the C pentatonic scale (C-D-E-G-A), and the G pentatonic scale (G-A-B-D-E); the pentatonic scale has the first, second, third, fifth, and sixth degrees of the scale. 9.Konghou 箜篌 - the vertical guzheng, the Chinese zither/harp, somewhat like a Western harp, with four pedals, and it usually has five or six octaves. It has metal strings wrapped with nylon in the lower section, and the higher strings are sometimes metal. 10.Se 瑟 - the ancient 50 string zither with a moveable bridge, which is no longer played. It may have been the forerunner of the guzheng, the Chinese zither/ harp (see related article). It had silk strings. 11.Hudie Zheng 蝴蝶筝 - somewhat like two guzhengs combined, sometimes called the "butterfly guzheng", which is a recent invention, but rarely played. It has metal strings wrapped with nylon, and some of the high strings can be metal. It has a set of 25 strings tuned normally to a pentatonic scale on the right side (with the first, second, third, fifth, and sixth degrees of the scale - in the key of C those notes are C, D, E, G, and A), where the bridge is moveable; and on the left side of the bridge, with notes that cannot be bent (and without a moveable bridge), a set of strings is tuned in half steps to all twelve chromatic Western pitches within the octave; also the left side has some pairs of strings that are tuned to the same notes that correspond to the notes of the strings on the right side of the bridge that are in the pentatonic tuning. 12.Khomuz (or the Koxianqin 口弦琴) - the Mongolian jaw harp with one or two metal reeds, played by holding it in the mouth and changing the tones with the mouth cavity. 13.Duxianqin 独弦琴 - an old one string instrument with a metal string supported by a wood bow, played by plucking the string and bending the wood bow. Wind Instruments:1.Xun 埙(or the Huin, or the Hsuin, or the Hsun) - a clay wind instrument with eleven holes. It was revived by the Guzheng master Cao Zheng in the early 1970s, and it became very popular again in 1998. 2.Dizi 笛子 - the horizonal side-blown bamboo flute.3.Xiao 箫 (or the Hsiao) - the vertical bamboo flute.4.Paixiao 排箫 - Chinese pan-pipes.5.Sheng 笙 - the bamboo mouth organ, blown both in and out. It was the ancient ancestor of the Western harmonica. Diyinsheng is the big mouth organ with 48 pipes.6.Hulusi 葫芦丝 - made of bamboo or another plant such as straw grass, and played like a mouth organ, blown both in and out. Shuangguan Hulusi is the double-reed hulusi.7.Bawu 巴乌 - the small and deeper sounding bamboo flute.8.Guanzi 管子 - the short cylindrical-bore oboe type older flute, made of wood. Shuangguan 双管 is a double-pipe flute made of wood.9.Suona 唢呐 - Chinese trumpet, further specialized into gaoyinsuona, the soprano trumpet; zhongyinsuona, the lower trumpet; and diyinsuona, the bass trumpet.这样应该挺详细的吧，嘿嘿·

Drum set, namely jazz drum, is a very important percussion instrument in jazz band.

（架子鼓即爵士鼓，是爵士乐队中十分重要的一种打击乐器。）

It usually consists of a stepped bass drum, a snare drum, or two or more thumping drums.

（它通常由一个脚踏的低音大鼓、一个军鼓、二个或以上嗵嗵鼓。）

One or two cymbals with a sling, a cymbals with a cymbals rhythm, and a cymbals with pedals.

（一个或两个吊镲、一个节奏镲和一个带踏板的踩镲等部分组成。）

Of course, sometimes due to the need to play some additional such as cowbell, wood fish, sand hammer, triangle iron, bell, tree.

（当然有时因演奏需要会增设一些如牛铃、木鱼、沙锤、三角铁、吊钟、音树。）

No matter how many devices are added, they are played by one person.

（不管增设多少器件，都是由一人演奏。）

A drummer strikes parts with a drumstick to make them sound.

（鼓手用鼓槌击打各部件使其发声。）

The drumsticks used in jazz music have wooden sticks.

（爵士乐中常用的鼓槌有木制的鼓棒。）

A drum brush made of steel wire, a bundle of sticks made of thin wood, etc.

（由钢丝制成的鼓刷，由一捆细木条捆成的束棒等。）

扩展资料

架子鼓起源：架子鼓起源于美国，它是一套以鼓为主的组合性打击乐器，由一人演奏，始时专为爵士乐伴奏。“爵士”二字，并非指英国皇室的勋位，而是一名早期美国黑人乐手的名字，全名为爵士波·布朗。

早期的爵士乐是美国下层黑人们自娱自乐的音乐形式，当这位著名的黑人乐手演奏时，人们常常兴奋的高呼“爵士，再来一个！”后来，这种音乐就因这位黑人歌手而得名．习惯上称做“爵士乐”了。

参考资料来源：百度百科-架子鼓

130010030710 二级 | 我的知道 | 消息(3) | 空间 | 应用 | 退出百度知道 新闻 网页 贴吧 知道 MP3 图片 视频 百科 文库帮助 | 设置百度知道 > 文化/艺术 > 器乐/声乐中国乐器有哪些（英语）浏览次数：235次 悬赏分：0 | 离问题结束还有 6 天 2 小时 | 提问者：caichenxi009查找用英语写的中国乐器回答 共7条中国乐器的英文名 Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello 大提琴Double bass 低音提琴或大贝司 flute 长笛piccolo 短笛clarinet 单簧管trumpet 小号cornet 短号trombone 长号tuba 大号organ 风琴bass drum 大鼓 tambourine 铃鼓琵琶luteerhu：二胡 Gu Zheng：古筝 Harmonica：口琴 参考资料：中西都列举了一下，反正用拼音，是不会错的！回答者： 乙剑天外飞仙 | 十二级 | 2011-7-14 13:40flute 长笛piccolo 短笛clarinet 单簧管trumpet 小号cornet 短号trombone 长号tuba 大号organ 风琴bass drum 大鼓 tambourine 铃鼓琵琶luteerhu：二胡 Gu Zheng：古筝 回答者： __听见__ | 三级 | 2011-7-14 17:33中国乐器的英文名 Viola 中提琴 Violin 小提琴 Cello 大提琴 Double bass 低音提琴或大贝司 flute 长笛 piccolo 短笛 clarinet 单簧管 trumpet 小号 cornet 短号 trombone 长号tuba 大号organ 风琴bass drum 大鼓 tambourine 参考资料：就这些了回答者： 霸气王者无敌 | 一级 | 2011-7-14 18:11flute 长笛piccolo 短笛Gu Zheng 古筝luteerhu 二胡pipa 琵琶The harp 箜篌gentlemen 勋xiao 萧 回答者： zxh梦遗落 | 二级 | 2011-7-17 11:49Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello 大提琴Double bass 低音提琴或大贝司 flute 长笛piccolo 短笛clarinet 单簧管trumpet 小号cornet 短号trombone 长号tuba 大号organ 风琴bass drum 大鼓 tambourine 铃鼓琵琶luteerhu：二胡 Gu Zheng：古筝 Harmonica：口琴 回答者： 热心网友 | 2011-7-18 11:35二胡erhu 笛子flute 喇叭trumpet 琵琶pipa 葫芦丝cucurbit flute 古筝gu zheng 回答者： | 二级 | 2011-7-22 11:29gdbyhtuhi给他突然让别人老弱妇孺 取消修改修改回答还能输入 9983 字插入图片插入地图参考资料：回答者： 130010030710 | 二级 | 2011-7-23 10:35分享到：130010030710 二级 我的提问 我的回答 积分商城 （0）条消息等待处理今天你做任务了没？全部任务 知道学院 +990 新手任务之回答篇 +20 茁壮成长 +100 新秀集训 +10进入个人中心使用百度Hi可以第一时间收到“提问有新回答”“回答被采纳”“网友求助”的通知。查看详情您想在自己的网站上展示百度“知道”上的问答吗？来获取免费代码吧！如要投诉或提出意见建议，请到百度知道投诉吧反馈。无线知道©2011 Baidu 使用百度前必读 知道协议关闭下载百度Hi，答案早知道！与好友聊天 我在百度

erhu2胡

Chinese Instrument 中国乐器英文名一览1) Percussion Instrument 打击乐器Luo/Chinese Gong 锣Chinese Wood Block 木鱼Chinese Bass Gong 低音大锣Chinese Cymbal 钹Slapstick 拍板Paigu 排鼓Chinese Base Drum 大鼓Yunluo 云锣 Chinese Snare Drum 小鼓Bangze/Chinese Wooden Clappers 梆子Bangu 板鼓2) Plucked String Instrument 弹拨乐器Ruan/Moon Guitar 阮咸Liuqin 柳叶琴Guzheng/Chinese Zither 古筝Pipa/Chinese Lute 琵琶Yangqin 扬琴 Sanxian 三弦3) String Instrument 拉弦乐器Banhu 板胡Ching Hu 京胡Gehu 革胡Nanhu/Erhu/Chinese Fiddle 南胡/二胡Zhonghu 中胡 Bass Gehu 倍革胡4) Wind Instrument 吹管乐器Suona/Shanai 唢呐Di/Chinese Bamboo Flute 曲笛Sheng 笙Xiao/Chinese Vertical Bamboo Flute 萧【The Eight Sounds or Eight Tones (八音)】The eight categories are: silk, bamboo, wood, stone, metal, clay, gourd and hide. There are other instruments which may not fit these classifications. This is one of the first musical classifications ever.Silk (丝)