hyacinth46
高中英语语法知识归纳
名词性从句重难点
1. 在名词性从句中，疑问句要用陈述句的语序。例如：
①Can you make sure ____the gold ring ?(MET90)
A.where Alice had put D.where has Alice put
2. 动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中，其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词;用在肯定句中，连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。
3. 否定转移问题。
①将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等动词后面跟宾语从句时否定转移 我想我并不认识你。 我相信他不回来。
We dont expect he will come tonight , will he ?
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。 I hope you werent ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
②将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移
看来他们不知道往哪去。
看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
4. 主谓一致问题。 . .
5. 语气问题
① 在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“should+ 动词原形”的结构 我建议我们应该立刻出发。
② 在It is +过去分词+that的主语从句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested， required等。
It is desired that we(should)get everything ready this evening.
③ 在表语从句或同位语从句中
The suggestion that the mayor (should) present the prizes was accepted by everyone.
高中英语语法常考知识
一、名词可数与不可数及修饰词：
常考的抽象名词有：advice, chalk, furniture, patience, paper, clothing, fun, power, work, oil, jewelery, homework, sugar, information, salt, knowledge, luck, weather, progress, news (word), money
注意：another不能修饰不可数名词，可说another book，不可说another news。
二、复合名词的复数形式因词而异：
1. a man driver (men drivers) a woman doctor ( women doctors)
2. a film-goer (film-goers) 电影爱好者
3. a looker-on (lookers-on) 旁观者 passers-by
4. a grown-up (grown-ups) 成年人
三、部分名词的复数形式表示特殊意义：
goods, looks(表情、外貌), manners, papers, greens(青菜、蔬菜), irons(熨斗), forces(军队), sands(做作的样子、架子) →put on airs 3. Wood can be made into paper.
He likes going out for fresh air.
四、
1. 单复数相同：sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese, means, works
2. 只有复数：cattle, people
3. 常以复数形式出现：trousers, glasses, thanks, clothes, remains(遗物), contents, goods, congratulations, means, sports, preparations(准备), tears, repairs, regards, games(运动会)
4. 以s结尾的学科或专有名词常作单数：
politics, maths, physics, the United States, The United Nations
五、几组易错名词的.用法：
1. many a + 单数名词 = many + 复数名词
2. 集合名词：family, team, audience, enemy, public, group, class, government, company, police, party 作主语时，若看作一个整体时，谓语动词用单数;若表示组成分子，则用复数。
e.g. The police are on duty at the street corner.
My family is / are going to have a long journey.
3. population:
1)作为“人口”的总称或“居民”的总数是不可数名词，谓语用单数。
2)问“多少人口”时，不说how many或how much，而用what。
3)在谈到“人口比多”时，常用large，great;“人口少”时，常用small，而不用much，little。
4)当谈及“有人口”时， 习惯上用have a population of。
5)当“百分数/分数+ of the population”作主语时，谓语用复数。
6)表示某个地区人口时，其前应有定冠词。
7)population不能与people连用。
e.g. The population in China is very large, and 80% of the population are farmers.
The city has a population of the million.
高中英语语法知识
1.名词(nouns)n.：
名词是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns)，专有名词是某个(些)人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。
2.代词(pronoun)pron.：
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。
3.数词(numeral)Num.：
表示“多少”和“第几”的词，叫数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
4.形容词(adjective)adj.或a.;
很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词，表示事物的特征。形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏，与否。
5.副词(adverb)adv.：
是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为：时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词、频率副词和说明性副词等。
6.动词(Verb)v.：
动词，就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。基本上每个完整的句子都有一个动词，要表示第二个动作时可使用不定词、动名词、对等连接词、从属连接词或增加子句等方法连结。
么里斯古
she is beautiful 再be和系动词后的都是表语。这句中she是主语。be动词时谓语定于相当于汉语中的形容词，状语又叫副词，有时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等等eg：i have a good friend。i 是主语，have 是谓语，a good friend是宾语，good是定语
林子夕silva
高二英语是整个高中英语的中间部分，学好高二英语对于高中英语来说至关重要，下面是我整理的课件。
一、教法建议 。
本单元通过对迪斯尼乐园及沃尔特迪斯尼本人成功之路的简介，使学生了解美国文化特色的同时树立起正确的成功观，培养百折不挠的意志品质；学习并熟练掌握问路、引路等日常交际用语；总结归纳宾语从句，并通过创设情境，使学生能够灵活运用。 在教学中建议使用整体教学、分层次训练的方式。英语教学应面向全体学生，并根据学生的不同英语水平分层次进行能力训练。每个层次的训练内容相同但难易程度不同，从而达到因材施教的目的。 建议教师授课前在黑板上挂一幅世界地图，并帮助学生在地图上找出法国、日本的东京、美国的洛杉矶和佛罗里达；同时设置相关问题：“你们能说出这几个城市、国家之间的共同点吗？”让学生稍作思考后告之；在他们那里都有迪斯尼乐园。同时，最好附以有关迪斯尼乐园的图片、幻灯及录像。通过这种较为直观的方式，激发起学生的学习兴趣，提高学习效率。 本单元能力目标： 1．对话（Lesson 1） a．朗读：语音语调准确，情感适度； b．归纳：归纳出用英语问路、指路的方法。 Asking Directions：
★Excuse me。Can you tell me the way to…?
How can I get to…?
Where is…?
Where is the nearest…?
Which is the way to…?
Giving Directions：
★Go straight ahead till you see…
down this street till you get to…
through the gate and you will find the entrance to…
★It's about…yards/metres down this street。
c．运用：套用句型模拟对话；
d．创造：自编对话并表演；
e．写作：复述并将对话改写成短文。
2．课文（Lesson2、3）
a．理解课文大意，能回答有关问题。（Wb。P74 Excise 1）
b．归纳大意，能复述课文。
Lesson 2 Walt Disney
Para。 1 Walt Disney's greatest wish。
Para。 2 Encouragement from his friends。
Para。 3 Walt Disney and his mouse friend。
Para。 4 The Birth of the cartoon character，Mickey Mouse。
Para。 5 Disney's successes。
Lesson 3 Disneyland
1953: the first Disney Park was opened Rules: wear clean shoes and trousers
1971: Disney World was opened in Florida not allowed to have beards
1983: Tokyo Disney was opened tie back the long hair
1992: Euro-Disney was opened always smile and be friendly
The Sleeping Beauty Castle： The Tomorrow Land Building：
A favourite place for visitors Go inside the space
c．将课文改写成100词左右的短文；
d。改编成剧本并参加演出。
本单元重点知识：
a．单词：ahead， entrance， free， sign， encourage， well-known， unsuccessful， studio， operate， imagine， though。
b．词组：take along (wish sb。)， in the hope of， of interest， lose heart， day after day， as far as…， bring sth。 on， in this way。
以上单词和词组可通过对话录音，教师介绍Walt Disney和Disneyland过程当中呈现，然后用问答讨论课文内容等方式，再现以上单词和词组，加深理解词义，掌握用法，最后用句型转换或补全句子等方式巩固、开发运用。
例1 What will you do if your friend fails in the exam?
I will __________ him (or her) not to__________ ____________ 。(encourage; lose heart)
例2 On May Day， parks are ___________ to visitors。 (free)
例3 When Disney was young， he wanted to be a famous artist。
When Disney was young， he _________ _________ __________ _________ __________becoming a famous artist。 (was， in， the， hope， of)
例4 They didn't show any interest in Disney's pictures， so they said， "Sorry， we don't think there is _________ __________ __________ ___________ __________ _________。"(anything， of， interest， in， your， pictures)
以下句子供教学参考：
1．The road ahead was blocked by a big fallen tree。
2．Ahead of us is the Sleeping Beauty Castle。
3．The new building was finished three months ahead of time。
4．Haven't you seen the sign saying "No Smoking"?
5．Are dark clouds a sign of rain?
6．I explained what I couldn't explain in words by signs。
7．He signed his name at the bottom of the letter。
8．The policeman signed (for) them to stop。
9．The teacher encouraged the children to study on their own。
10．They are encouraged to speak out their opinions。
11．Several weeks passed， she hadn't received any encouraging news。
12．All the Disney parks are operated by the same company。
13．It's not difficult to operate that machine。
14．The doctor decided to operate on him at once。
15．The operation of a new machine can be hard to learn。
16．Let's meet at the entrance to the cinema。
17．He takes along a notebook wherever he goes。
18．He went there in the hope of meeting some of his old friends。
19．Day after day they did the same thing in the factory。
20．The number of the college students is increasing year by year。
21．He walked as far as the village where I lived。
22．As/So far as I know， he is still working there。
23．The waiter soon brought on the meal。
24．More study should bring on your English。
二、学海导航
These photographs will show you ________ 。
A．what does our village look like
B．what our village looks like
C．how does our village look like
D．how our village look like
正确答案是B项。
该题考查的是名词性从句的连接词及其语序，该题是名词性从句作宾语。名词性从句要用陈述句语序，连接词的选择要根据从句的动词及其意思。
根据上述原则，A和C的语序不对，再是根据look like来判定用what还是how，like是介词，跟名词或代词作宾语，所以应选B。
Dr。 Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge， but I can?/FONT>t remember 。
A．where B．there C．which D．that
正确答案是C项。
此题考查的是对either…or…的理解和对代词which的使用。题干说布莱克大夫不是来自牛津大学就是剑桥大学，我记不清楚（哪一所大学）。remember是及物动词，其后只能用名词或代词作其宾语，此语境缺的是表示有疑问意味的代词。虽然D项中that是代词，但它不具备疑问意味，因此必须排除掉。
— to the Capital Theatre?
—The No。 3 bus over there will take you right there。
A．I'm sorry， which is the way
B．Excuse me， could you tell me how I can get
C．Excuse me， which bus shall I take
D．I'm sorry， could you tell me how I can get
正确答案是B项。
在已经做了对不起对方的事时，用I?/FONT>m sorry表示道歉；在还未做某事你又认为这事会给对方造成一些麻烦时，用Excuse me。英语中到达某处是get to a place。如果用bus作主语，那么正确的问句是Which bus can take me to the Capital Theatre？因此应选择B项。
The Value of Time
We have many things to do。 When we are students， we learn and study。 When grown up， we work for society， for our nation， and for the world。 We are born to be busy。 But we cannot live more than one hundred years; we have only a limited time to do much work。 How precious our time is!
Many men do not realize the value of time。 This is， indeed， a great pity。 "Time is money" is an old saying。 In fact， it is more valuable than money。 Wasting time means wasting a part of our precious life。
We have to form the habit of saving time， instead of spending time uselessly。 It is necessary for us to do our work today， let us do it today， and not leave it till tomorrow。 Laziness is the thief of time。 It not only brings us failure， but does harm to us as well。 Remember that if a man in youth does not do his best， he will feel very sorry when he is old。
—Who is Jerry Cooper?
— ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting?
A。 Don't you meet him yet?
B。 Hadn't you met him yet?
C。 Didn't you meet him yet?
D。 Haven't you met him yet?
正确答案：D项。
本题对学生使出了一个“障眼法”，即答语的第二句话为一般过去时。这很容易使人误以为空格处的时态应为“过去的过去”──过去完成时。而空格处的那句话意为：难道你没有见到他吗？强调的是一个截止到现在、发生过的动作，因此只能是现在完成时。
三、智能显示
重点句型
Go through the gate and you'll find the entrance to Bear Country on the other side。
祈使句+and主谓句，这种句子含义相当于if引导的条件句+结果句。上述句子可改为：
If you go through the gate， you'll find the entrance to Bear Country on the other side。
Use your head and you'll find a way。
如果动动脑子，你就会想出办法来。
Keep on trying， and you'll succeed。
如果你不断努力，你就会成功。
补全对话
Inspector：You want to get to King's Cross Station?
Peter： Yes。
Inspector：It's easy。 There is a bus every ten minutes from Stop Number Two。 The next bus is at nine， and a ticket to King's Cross Station costs fifteen pence。 1 It's all in here， you see。 This is my first day in my job， but it's all in here。
Peter： Good。
Amy： 2 We want to get to Cross Station by car。
Inspector：By car?
Peter： 3 。
Inspector：Oh。 Well， drive along that road。 4 Straight on。
Peter： 5 。
Amy： Yes， thanks。 And gook luck in your new job， inspector。
Inspector：Thank you， madam。 Goodbye!
A．Yes， sorry。
B．Thank you。
C．Is it so far away?
D．But we are in our car， you see。
E．I'm afraid I can't tell you。
F．It takes ten minutes to get there。
G．It's about three kilometers to King's Cross Station。
单词拼写
6．When I saw her， she was standing the e to the cinema， waiting for me。
7．Whenever I lose heart in the study of English， she world always e me and help me with it。
8．Can you i living on the moon?
9．We hope your experiment will be a great s 。
10．Look! There runs a big m and a cat is running after it。
单项选择
11．Helping the disabled people__________ him a lot of time after work。
A。 spent B。 paid C。 got D。 cost
12．You can take the lift， which is_________ by electricity。
A。 worked B。 lifted C。 ridden D。 make
13．Carl_________ San Francisco and is now working at Disneyland。
A。 is leaving B。 left C。 has left D。 will leave
14．I remember ____________this used to be a quiet village。
A。 when B。 how C。 where D。 what
15．I can hardly imagine Peter __________across the Atlantic Ocean in five days。
A。 to sail B。 sailing C。 sail D。 to have sailed
16．I learned to_________ a bicycle as a small boy。
A。 drive B。 ride C。 operate D。 run
17．“Do you remember_________ he came?”
“Yes， I do， he came by car。”
A。 how B。 when C。 that D。 if
18．You can't imagine __________ when they received these nice Christmas presents。
A。 how they were excited B。 how excited they were
C。 how excited were they D。 they were how excited
19．The secretary worked late into the night， ____________ a long speech for the president。
A。 to prepare B。 preparing C。 prepared D。 was preparing
20．The computer centre， _______________ last year， is very popular among the students in this school。
A。 open B。 opening C。 having opened D。 opened
21．Our headmaster is strict ___________himself and____________ his work。
A。 with， in B。 with， to C。 in， for D。 against， for
22．_________ __________ you will improve your spoken English。
A。 Try your best， and B。 Trying your best， or
C。 Try to your best， but D。 Keep your best， or
23．I don't believe_________ is true。
A。 that he said B。 what did he say
C。 what he said D。 all did he say
24．Standing on the top of mountain， you'll get a wonderful__________ 。
A。 visit B。 sign C。 view D。 nature
25．He looked everywhere__________ the key to his room。
A。 at the hope to find B。 on the hope of finding
C。 in the hope to find D。 in the hope of finding
完型填空
In school all over the world boys and girls are learning foreign languages。26 knows his own language， but another one is very useful， 27 when we travel to other countries。 If we go to France， we 28 be able to speak French， and in Germany people will 29 us to understand German。
How many languages are there in the world? There are about fifteen hundred ， but many of them are not very 30 。 English is one of the most important 31 so many people use it， not only in English and the USA， 32 in other parts of the world。 About 200，000，000 people speak it 33 their own language ， and another 200，000，000 use it as 34 language。 It is difficult to say how many people are learning it。 Many millions of schoolboys and schoolgirls are trying to do so。
English children study French， 35 is also a very important language。 An Englishman can 36 find someone in almost all parts of the world who is able to talk to him in either English or 37 。
Which is the best way to learn a language ? We should remember that we all learnt our own language well when we were children。 If we could learn a second language 38 same way， it would not seem so 39 。Think of what a child 40 。 It listens to what people say ， and it tries to imitate (模仿) what it hears。 When it wants something， it 41 ask for it。 It is 42 the language， talking in it， and thinking in it all the time。 If people had to use a second language all the time ， they would learn it quickly。
43 is important to remember ，also ，that we learn our own language by hearing people speak it， not by seeing 44 they write。 We imitate what we hear。 In school 45 you learn to read and write as well as to hear and speak， it is 46 to learn all new words through the ear。 You can read them， spell them， and write them later。
A man who stuttered (说话结巴) once went to a shop where they sold birds。 He wanted to buy a parrot (鹦鹉)，a bird which we can teach to 47 。 He said to shopkeeper:“Have you g-g-got a p-p-parrot that can t-t-talk English?”
“Yes sir。”Answered the shopkeeper。“ 48 a fine green one what will understand everything you say to it。”
So the man bought it 。 But a few days 49 he took it back to the shop。
“This b-b-bird can't t-t-talk，”he complained (抱怨)。 “It can only st-t-tutter。” 50 a parrot learns to say just what it hears。
26。A。No one B。 Someone C。 Everybody D。 Any one
27。A。generally B。 strictly C。 specially D。 especially
28。A。can B。 ought to C。 may D。 have to
29。A。hope B。 insist C。 expect D。 help
30。A。necessary B。 easy C。 important D。 difficult
31。A。because B。 although C。 when D。 if
32。A。and B。 or C。 but D。 nor
33。A。as B。 like C。 for D。 with
34。A。another B。 the second C。 the other D。 a second
35。A。that B。 which C。 it D。 this
36。A。hardly B。 sometimes C。 easily D。 freely
37。A。German B。 Russian C。 Japanese D。 French
38。A。by a B。 by the C。 in a D。 in the
39。A。disappointing B。 exciting C。 difficult D。 useless
40。A。does B。 speaks C。 learns D。 likes
41。A。ought to B。 is able to C。 has to D。 decides
42。A。learning B。 using C。 studying D。 trying
43。A。That B。 This C。 It D。 What
44。A。what B。 how C。 why D。 as
45。A。because B。 although C。 as soon as D。 among
46。A。necessary B。 best C。 better D。 possible
47。A。sing B。 write C。 speak D。 talk
48。A。It's B。 Here's C。 That's D。 This's
49。A。later B。 ago C。 before D。 after
50。A。So B。 Also C。 Even D。 Such
阅读理解
O。 Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories 。His real name was William Sydney Porter 。 He was born in North Carolina in 1862。As young boy he lived an exciting life 。 He did not go to school for very long ， but he managed to teach himself everything he needed to know。
When he was about 20 years old ， O。 Henry went to Texas ， where he tried different jobs 。 He first worked on a newspaper ，and then had a job in a bank 。 When some money went missing from the bank ， O。 Henry was believed to have stolen it 。 Because of that ， he was sent to prison 。During the three years in prison ， he learned to write short stories 。After he got out of prison ， he went to New York and continued writing 。He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there 。 People liked his stories ，because simple as the tales were ， they would finish with a sudden change at the end ，to the readers' surprise。
51。In which order did O。 Henry do the following things?
a。 Lived in New York。 b。 Worked in a bank。
c。 Travelled to Texas。 d。 Was put in prison。
e。 Had a newspaper job。 f。 Learned to write stories。
A。e，d，f，b，d，a B。c，e，b，d，f，a
C。e，b，d，c，a，f D。c，b，e，d，a，f
52。People enjoyed reading O。 Henry's stories because __________
A。 they had surprise endings
B。 they were easy to understand
C。 they showed his love for the poor
D。 the were about New York City
53。O。Henry went to prison because ____________
A。 people thought he had stolen money from the newspaper
B。 he broke the law by not using his own name
C。 he wanted to write stories about prisoners
D。 people thought he had taken money that was not his
54。What do we know about O。 Henry before he began writing?
A。 He was well-educated。
B。 He was not serious about his work。
C。 He was devoted to the poor。
D。 He was very good at learning。
55。Where did O。 Henry get most material for his short stories?
A。 His life inside the prison。
B。 The newspaper articles he wrote。
C。 The city and people of New York。
D。 His exciting life as a boy。
Suppose you were the famous cartoon maker—Walt Disney， and now a newspaper reporter is interviewing you。 Here are the questions and please answer them as creatively as possible。
1。What were you most interested in when you were young?
2。Did you think you would be a famous artist as a young man?
3。What are the secrets to the success?
4。What's your plan for the future?
Answers:
1—5 GDAFB 6。entrance 7。encourage 8。imagine 9。success 10。mouse
11—15 DACAB 16—20 BABBD 21—25 AACCD 26—30 CDBCC 31—35 ACADB
36—40 CDDCA 41—45 CBCAB 46—50 BCBAC 51—55 BADDC
