制造工艺英语作文

Papermaking is one of China's four great inventions of human civilization in the history of a remarkable invention. China is the world's first silkworm silk weaving countries. For more than the ancients such as cocoon snag silk fabric, the remaining evil cocoon, cocoon and other diseases is to use floating floc Preparation of silk floss. Drift Xu completed, strips gallery will be some residue left over from cotton wadding. When the number of floating floc more, bamboo gallery residual floc accumulates into a thin layer of fibers, after drying, after stripping down, can be used for writing. The by-product of this floating floc small number, in the ancient books on the call He Di, or side with cotton wadding. This shows that the origin of China's papermaking has a history and relationship with the silk with cotton wadding. Eastern Han Yuan Xing Cai Lun improved the first year of papermaking. He used bark, hemp and head and worn cloth, fishing nets and other plant material, after-down pound, copied, baking paper and other manufacturing processes, the origin of modern paper. Since the invention of papermaking, the paper will be a new attitude into the social and cultural lives, and gradually spread in the land of China and later spread around the world. Paper is used to writing, printing, painting or packing of the sheet fiber products. Generally processed through the plant fiber pulping water suspension, a combination of on-line interlaced, the initial dehydration, and then by compression, drying made. China is the world's first invention of paper country. According to archaeological discoveries, the Western Han period (206 BC to AD 8 years), China has adopted a linen fiber paper. Rough texture, and a small number of high cost, not universal. Since ancient times, Chinese people already know how to raise silkworms, reeling. Qin and Han Dynasty when the inferior race, cocoon for silk floss crafts very popular. This method of dealing with sub-cocoon is called drift flocculation method, the basic elements of operation, including repeatedly beat, to broken silkworm clothing. This technology was later developed into a paper-making in the beating. In addition, the ancient Chinese used lime or plant ash water Sima degumming, this technology also for paper-making plant fiber degumming with inspiration. The paper is to make use of these technologies to develop.造纸是中国的四大人类文明的伟大发明之一，在一个了不起的发明历史。中国是世界上第一个桑蚕丝绸织造的国家。使用的是浮动的绵絮体的制备等多个粗加工茧丝绸面料，剩下的恶茧，蚕茧和其他疾病的古人。漂移徐完成后，带画廊会有一些残留下来的棉絮了。当浮动絮状数目，竹廊剩余积累成絮状纤维薄层干燥后，经过剥离下来，可用于书写。补本浮动絮状少数产品在古籍，在电话赫底，或絮一边。这表明，中国的造纸历史的起源有一个与絮丝的关系。东汉袁悉嗯蔡鲁嗯改进了造纸的第一年。他用树皮，麻头和旧布，渔网和其他植物材料，在下拉磅，复制，烘焙纸和其他的制造工艺，现代纸的起源。自从发明造纸，该文件将是一个为社会和文化生活的新态度，逐步蔓延，中国的土地，后来在世界各地蔓延。 纸是用来书写，印刷，绘画或纤维板材产品的包装。一般来说，通过处理水悬浮植物纤维制浆，一上线隔行扫描，初步脱水，然后通过压缩，干燥了组合。中国是世界上首次发明纸的国家。据，西汉时期（公元前206年至公元8年）的考古发现，中国采取了亚麻纤维纸。粗糙纹理，以及成本高，而不是普遍少数。自古以来，中华民族已经知道如何养蚕，缫丝。秦，汉时劣势种族，绵茧工艺很受欢迎。这种处理方法与分，茧被称为漂移絮凝方法，运作的基本要素，包括多次殴打，以打破蚕衣服。这项技术后来发展成为一纸制作的殴打。此外，古人用石灰或草木灰水司马脱胶，这项技术也为造纸植物纤维脱胶与灵感。该文件是利用这些技术来发展。

技术资源管理是高校信息化教学管理中的重要环节，故此需对其进行加强管理，可从以下几点对其进行加强：(1)对信息化科教管理系统进行合理利用，并对其开展二次开发;同时还应积极学习国外的先进技术，并从中吸取经验教训，来对自身技术进行合理开发和规划，期间需要避免重复引进已有的软件，以减少或规避不必要的资源浪费。另外，还应将企业开发条件与教师技术资源相互结合，使两者能够在本身系统基础上对其进行二次开发，以研制出可达到不同高校具体化需求的管理系统。(2)在建设高校信息化科教管理系统时，需确保各部门之间的紧密合作，使各部门将各自系统规划及流程再造进行整合统一，从而才可开发出能够满足各部门实际工作需求的管理软件系统。其中在规划系统时，需对各部门信息进行全面集成，同时对各部门职能发挥加以高度重视，并建立达到各部门工作要求的基础数据库，将其数据类型进行整合统一，从而实现最终的资源共享。(3)在进行科教管理人员选拨时，需对其信息技术的应用能力加以严格考核，并以信息技术水平作为人员选用的最终标准，从而选拨出符合现代化高校科教管理工作要求的信息化技术型人才。在信息化建设不断向前迈进的形势下，对于科教管理人员所具备的相关知识水平及技术水平也提出了更高要求，只有其充分掌握当下最先进的信息技术知识，才可及时有效地处理各种数据信息，继而才能够推动高校信息化教学管理更快发展[3]。2.2强化技术组织管理在技术组织管理方面，需要注意以下两点问题，即技术部门管理与组织管理。由于高校的科教管理工作较繁复、工作量较大等，使其在技术管理及组织管理方面操作起来存在一定困难，因此需要严格加强技术管理和组织管理。在技术管理方面，可设立技术管理部门。目前，由于大部分高校原有的科教管理系统无法获得扩展或升级而需要进行更换，或是拓展和升级后的管理系统无法满足实际工作需求而无法发挥其真正效用和优势，这不仅导致了人力、物力、财力的浪费，还对教学管理工作效率和质量造成不利影响。

制作爆米花把这几个字体翻译成英文之后，它的英文表达就是：Making popcorn

The four great inventionsPaper: paper is an important chemical processes, the invention of paper is Chinese in the spread of human culture and development make a valuable contribution, is China's chemical history of a major achievement.The paper also before, oracle bones, bamboo slips and silk silk is used for writing, the ancient recorded material. But due to the rapid development of the economy, culture, bones and bamboo can not meet the demand of development, thus contributing to the improvement of writing tools. At that time people began using small silk made of paper, as the ancient Chinese when paper by hemp thread and silk, and preparation method of rough paper, so the quality is not so good. But the hemp thread and silk has its own role, to use them as a raw material for paper-making, would be greatly restricted, and difficult to get rapid development, to meet the cultural life of the requirement to paper.In the new situation request, Cai Lun of Eastern Han Dynasty for the emergence of papermaking to bring new breakthrough in the Eastern Han Dynasty," views on" 2 records:" Cai Lun, talented, dedicated to cautious, every vacation, closed to the guest, aeration body field. Code for the sale, made with bark and spacious cloth, net to make paper. Xing Yuan first year playing, the emperor can, since is not used, the salty called Cai Hou paper". From above, Cai Lun is using bark, rags, net of papermaking. Although before Cai Lun also has a paper, but raw material itself is very limited, and Cai Lun on the new raw materials, to solve this problem. Because the rag, broken fishnet had already finished their task, a waste and used as a raw material for papermaking industry, which plays an important role.Printing: is the working people in ancient China through long-term practice and research before the invention of. About the year before and after 600 years of Sui Dynasty, people from the engraved seal inspired, in the history of mankind's earliest invention of woodblock printing.Woodblock printing is in a certain thickness of the smooth wood, paste copy neat manuscript, thin and almost transparent paper front and wood paste, the word became the body, strokes clear. Engraving workers graver in the suites have writing section is cut away, is a convex embossed font, and font recessed beneath the different steles. When printing, on a raised fonts with ink, and then the paper covering on top of it, gently wipe away the paper back, writing remain on the paper. By the Song Dynasty, woodblock printing career development to the heyday. Woodblock printing on the spread of culture play an important role, but also has obvious disadvantages. The first version, time-consuming material costs, second, a large number of books stored inconveniently, third, is not easy to correct mistakes.The Northern Song Dynasty civilian inventor Bi Sheng invented movable-type printing, woodblock printing these drawbacks improvement. Bi Sheng's Dynasty of an ordinary civilian intellectuals, the person who. He summed up the block printing of rich experience in practice, after repeated tests, the emperor Renzong of evolution years (AD 10411048 ) made the moveable, execute typesetting printing, completed the printing history of a major revolution, about 200 years later, this technology spread to other countries, the development of world civilization process to promote the role of.Gunpowder: is one of the four great inventions of china. Gunpowder, as the name suggests is the ( fire medicine ). Its origins and alchemy are closely related, Bachelor in ancient alchemy alchemy inadvertently material.It is a mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, carbon, and the top two in the Han Dynasty book into Chinese Materia Medica ( first classics of Shennong materia medica by ) have been listed as important medicinal herbs. Gunpowder itself is also come under the drug class, the Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen ( compendium of Materia Medica ) said, gunpowder can cure sore ringworm, insecticidal, provide moisture and plague. The invention of gunpowder is a long-term alchemy pharmaceutical practice results, has been one thousand years of history.The Tang Dynasty, gunpowder has been used for military. The Song Dynasty, the war continuously, promote the accelerated development of gunpowder weapons. The government of the Northern Song Dynasty established a powder mill, has made gunpowder arrow, artillery and other combustion properties mainly weapons and ( bang cannon ), ( lightning bombs ) and other explosive strong arms. The Southern Song Dynasty were created in 1259 to giant bamboo tube, built-in gunpowder ( sudden guns ). To the Yuan Dynasty and the emergence of bronze ( copper Fire Commission, known as the general). These are to gunpowder explosion as the driving force of arms, in the war revealed a hitherto unknown power.In 12, thirteenth Century, the gunpowder first introduced in Arabia state, and then spread to Greece and Europe and around the world. On the civilization and progress of human society, the economy and the development of science and culture, played a role in promoting. The law until the middle of the fourteenth Century, only then has the application of gunpowder and firearms records.Compass : the spring and Autumn period, Chinese working people in the mining, smelting, gradually recognized magnet. To the Warring States period, some people use magnets made apparatus to determine the direction, then called" compass", it is in a along the plate placed on a water scoop like magnet, water scoop handle end of South point. To the late Northern Song Dynasty ( Eleventh Century AD), the Chinese people have created artificial magnet, then created a" guide to the fish", the magnet." Fish" on the water surface, thus indicating the direction. Later, after repeated research and improvement, and the magnetic steel sheet into a small magnetic needle, and makes its tip into the magnetic north pole, end become the south magnetic pole, which became a compass. The Northern Song Dynasty, people create a suitable nautical compass, the maritime industry to a new era. During this period, China 's shipbuilding technology in the world the most advanced. At the beginning of the fourteenth Century, the compass was introduced into Europe from china.

i看ii就讲几句i

写作思路：罗列出中国的四大发明，写出这些发明的伟大之处，使用简单的英文句子描写出这些。

正文：

There are four world famous inventions in China, one is gunpowder, the other is compass, the third is printing and the fourth is papermaking.

我国有世界著名的四大发明，一是火药，二是指南针，三是印刷术，四是造纸术。

This makes our ancient China become an ancient civilization.

这让我们中国古代成了文明古国。

China's four great inventions have played an irreplaceable role in various fields of science and technology.

中国的四大发明在各个科技领域中起到了不可替代的重要作用。

Gunpowder. Gunpowder was invented by us.

火药，火药是我们发明的。

What does gunpowder bring us?

火药给我们带来什么东西呢？

It brought fireworks, firecrackers, fireworks, mining, and aerospace.

带来了礼花、带来了鞭炮、用于制造烟花爆竹、用于采矿，还有用于航天事业的发展。

Up to now, gunpowder has played an important role in our history.

到今天为止火药在我们的历史上发挥着巨大的作用。