julystar77
补充：文莱著名景点的英文介绍：The City Center Bandar Seri BegawanOmar Ali Saifuddien Mosque Dominating the city centre of Bandar Seri Begawan, this is one of the most magnificent mosques in Southeast Asia and a symbol of the strong Islamic faith of the people of Brunei Darussalam. Completed in 1958, it is named after the 28th Sultan, Omar Ali Saifuddien, who is still referred to as the architect of modern Brunei.Kampong AyerEarly European visitors to Brunei Darussalam described the Kampong Ayer, or Water Village, as the Venice of the East. Today, visitors continue to be fascinated by these traditional and historic houses on stilts which span the greater part of the Brunei River.The Royal Regalia BuildingSituated in the heart of Bandar Seri Begawan, the Royal Regalia Museum was built to commemorate the Silver Jubilee of His Majesty's accession to the throne in 1992. This museum is home to a collection of royal regalia, including the royal chariot, gold and silver ceremonial armoury, the jewel-encrusted crowns used during the coronation and a replica of the throne which His Majesty uses on state occasions.Brunei History CentreEstablished in 1982, the Brunei History Centre was founded to undertake research into the rich history of Brunei Darussalam. Among the areas of special interest is the genealogy and history of the Sultans of Brunei and the Royal Family. There is a display area open to the public from 7.45 am to 12.15 pm and 1.30 pm to 4.30 pm on Monday through Thursday and on Saturday. The centre is situated next to the Royal Regalia Building. Lapau and Dewan MajlisAnother magnificent building within Bandar Seri Begawan is the Royal Ceremonial Hall, better known as the Lapau, where the present Sultan was crowned on the 1st of August 1968. An exquisite golden dome highlights the Lapau's interior. Traditional royal ceremonies are normally held here. Adjoining the Lapau is the Dewan Majlis or Parliament House. Tasek Recreational ParkThis is one of the oldest recreational parks within the city. As well as a natural waterfall and lake, the park features a beautiful garden of trees and flowers. For those who want to get away from the noisy traffic of the city, this park is an ideal place to spend some time. It takes about 15 minutes to walk there from the Lapau. Brunei Shell, as part of their community work, have also installed an 8m high wall for those interested in climbing.Tamu KianggehThe tamu, or open market, is situated on the banks of the Kianggeh River in central Bandar Seri Begawan. Here one can find a wide variety of items including local dishes, fruits and vegetables, flowers and handicrafts. The tamu is open every day from morning to late evening. The Istana Nurul Iman and Taman Persiaran DamuanThe most impressive site in Bandar Seri Begawan is His Majesty's royal palace, known as the Istana Nurul Iman. It is the largest residential palace in the world, and its golden domes, vaulting roof and riverside setting make it a spectacular subject for photographs. The palace is open to the public only during Hari Raya, when residents and visitors alike have the opportunity to greet His Majesty and the royal households. The best view of the istana is from the Persiaran Damuan, which is a park along the river bank offJalan Tutong. It has walkways, a well equipped playground and feature six outdoor sculptures by ASEAN artists, on the theme of Unit,vin Diversity. The Persiaran Damuan is popular for jogging and has several foodstalls in the evenings. Yayasan Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Foundation ComplexAdjacent to the Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque, this is the latest imposing addition to the skyline and waterfront of Bandar Seri Begawan. It is a commercial and shopping complex, designed to generate revenue for a foundation dedicated to the welfare of the people. It is a personal initiative of His Majesty, and is a testament to his abiding concern for the well-being of the people of Brunei. The complex is designed withan amalgamation of both traditional Malay and modern architecture . Its main walkway features excellent views of the OmarAli Saifuddien Mosque at one end and Kampong Ayer at the other. The shopping complex, opened in July 1996, and contains the biggest selection of shopping facilities in Brunei. Various branded goods are sold here. With the Yayasan Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Foundation Complex, Bandar Seri Begawan aims to create a complete new image in the city centre, thus making it a major tourist attraction. Taman Mini Perayaan Kampong ParitAbout 26 km from Bandar Seri Begawan, the Taman Mini Perayaan Kampong Parit features authentic mini replicas of dwellings that represent rural Brunei and the Kampong Ayer. The models are built in the traditional manner and are surrounded by forest greenery, making it easy to imagine what life was like in days gone by. Kampong Parit also includes a childrens' playground and open-air local-style food stalls. Community events and festivals are often held here, such as the Sultan's birthday celebration.更多文莱著名景点的英文介绍，很详尽，请浏览： 文莱英文介绍 ========== 注：你可知道明朝洪武八年（1375年）,黄森屏出使文莱。黄森屏之女嫁给文莱第二苏丹阿合曼。阿合曼死后，黄森屏之女继位成为文莱国王。此后文莱王位由女系继承，凡20代。华人移民史： 百度知道： Brunei Darussalam, officially the State of Brunei, Abode of Peace, is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo, in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea it is completely surrounded by the state of Sarawak, Malaysia, and in fact it is separated into two parts by Limbang, which is part of Sarawak. Brunei, the remnant of a very powerful sultanate, regained its independence from the United Kingdom on 1 January 1984. The Sultanate of Brunei was very powerful from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century. Its realm extended over the coastal regions of modern-day Sarawak and Sabah, the Sulu archipelago, and the islands off the northwest tip of Borneo. European influence gradually brought an end to this regional power. Later, there was a brief war with Spain, in which Brunei's capital was occupied. Eventually the sultanate was victorious but lost territories to Spain. The decline of the Bruneian Empire culminated in the nineteenth century when Brunei lost much of its territory to the White Rajahs of Sarawak, resulting in its current small landmass and separation into two parts. Brunei was a British protectorate from 1888 to 1984. Brunei was occupied by Japan from 1941 to 1945 during World War II; Britain did not defend Brunei in spite of an Agreement to do so. There was a small rebellion against the monarchy during the 1960s, which was suppressed by the United Kingdom. This event became known as the Brunei Revolt and was partly responsible for the failure to create the North Borneo Federation. The rebellion also affected Brunei's decision to opt out of the Malaysian Federation and was the first stage of the Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation. The Sultanate of Brunei was founded when Sharif Ali of Hejadz married the local Brunei princess. He brought Islam and founded many mosques in Brunei. Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei, whose title has passed within the same dynasty since the fifteenth century, is the head of state and head of government in Brunei. The Sultan is advised by several councils and a cabinet of ministers although he is effectively the supreme ruler. The media is extremely pro-government and the Royal family retains a venerated status within the country. Brunei is an absolute monarchy and the sultan has absolute power. There is no elected legislative body. In September 2004, the Sultan convened an appointed Parliament which had not met since independence in 1984, although it lacks any capacity beyond advising the monarch. Brunei is a member of the United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, ASEAN, and Organization of the Islamic Conference. Brunei has been given "Not Free" status by Freedom House; press criticism of the government and monarchy is rare. Brunei claims territory in Sarawak, such as Limbang, and it is one of many nations to lay claim to the disputed Spratly Islands. Several small islands situated between Brunei and Labuan, including Kuraman island, are contested between Brunei and Malaysia. Limbang is still a disputed territory and is the subject the current negotiation between Brunei and Malaysia. Brunei Darussalam consists of two unconnected parts with a total area of 5,766 sq. kilometers (2,226 sq. miles). 97% of the population lives in the larger western part, while only about 10,000 live in the mountainous eastern part (the district of Temburong). The total population of Brunei Darussalam is about 400,000 of which around 130,000 live in the capital Bandar Seri Begawan. Other major towns are the port town of Muara, the oil producing town of Seria and its neighboring town, Kuala Belait. In the Belait district, the Panaga area is home to large numbers of expatriates due to Royal Dutch Shell and British Army housing and recreational facilities. The well-known Panaga Club is situated here. Jerudong Park, a well known amusement park, is located on the west of Bandar Seri Begawan. Bandar Seri Begawan has a humid subtropical climate. The average annual temperature is 23.6 °C (74.5 °F), with a summer average of 29.4 °C (84.9 °F) and a winter average of 21.0 °C (69.8 °F). This small, wealthy economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for nearly half of its GDP. Substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and subsidizes rice and housing. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion although it became a more prominent player by serving as chairman for the 2000 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum. Stated plans for the future include upgrading the labour force, reducing unemployment, strengthening the banking and tourism sectors, and, in general, further widening the economic base. The national airline, Royal Brunei, is trying to make Brunei a hub for international travel between Europe and Australia/New Zealand, and also has services to major Asian destinations. Brunei ensures that all citizens have access to free health care, provided via a group of public hospitals. The largest hospital in Brunei is Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital, also known as RIPAS Hospital. There is also a private medical sector, Jerudong Park Medical Centre. As of 2008, no hospitals in Brunei were undergoing international healthcare accreditation. There is currently no medical school in Brunei, and Bruneians wishing to study to become doctors have to attend universities overseas. This situation may be changing. Also, to ensure the public's access to medical care, qualified doctors from overseas are imported into the country. A School of Nursing was founded in 1951. Brunei is accessible via sea and land travel. The main highway running across Brunei is the Pan Borneo Highway, which is a joint project with Malaysia. Besides the Pan Borneo Highway, Brunei can be accessed by air through Brunei International Airport. Royal Brunei is the main airline company in Brunei. Brunei has several sea ports, mainly to export its petroleum products, as well as for import and export purposes. The culture of Brunei is predominantly Malay, with heavy influences from Islam, but is seen as more conservative than Malaysia. The culture is also influenced by the demographics of the country: two-thirds of the population are Malay, and the remainder consists of Chinese, Indians and indigenous Malays. Brunei also has a large number of foreign workers, including Indonesian and Filipino domestic workers, labourers from Thailand, Indonesia and the Indian subcontinent (particularly India and Bangladesh), and American and British professionals working in industry and education.
qianshuijun
Wants to use under English introduction Brunei, helps ~~It is reported, the Brunei people are enjoying the very high welfare, does business, buys the room, the personal income all does not need to pay taxes. From the kindergarten to the college education all is free. Even if you go to Oxford, Cambridge pursue advanced studies, the school expense, the board and lodging, back and forth the airplane ticket also all takes out money by the country, even also can extra pay out a pocket money. The medical service also is free, makes a big surgery all 象征性 local tax Is the Brunei people too to be happy The Brunei people start from the birth to enjoy the free medical service, from the kindergarten to the university all is the free education; The Brunei people buy the room, open the factory, do business all are tax-free; In Brunei, locality The person must construct the house, only needs to the government to hand over an article Yuan to buy! Probably converts into the Renminbi five Yuan. Sounds on the picture is an Arabia night of deep pool! But in Brunei but living reality. Builds the villa not to ask for money, buys the vehicle not to need to pay taxes, gasoline only then four wools 51 litres, day Which, compares our these for to supply the building, to raise the person which the vehicle but laboriously rushes about to come, to be a Brunei person simply is daily too happy! The Brunei people go to work are more comfortable! They work the rhythm of life to be slow, the government worker goes to work the official which very somewhat likes at present China inland small city, on 9 o'clock The class, 10 drinks tea, 11 gets off work, afternoon 2 o'clock goes to work, 3 drinks tea, 4 continues to go to work, 5 punctually get off work, even if on hand has the matter not to complete, huge The matter also will be tomorrow said again. Wealthy, comfortable, gentle, has the foreword, is reverent, is the Brunei people the deepest impression which stay behind to me. The clothes Brunei's climate is warm, whole year all quite suitable traveling. Brunei only the rainy season and the dry season, can rain nearly all the year round, the rain gear will be the necessary thing, the rainfall are most in November to the next year February Prompts Brunei is prohibits alcohol the country, cannot find in Brunei sells the liquor the store. The tourist only can carry 275 milliliters liquors to enter a country uses for oneself, but cannot drink wine in the public situation, only has in the special bar only then drinks wine. Probably uses English to introduce these, has the supplement to be better! I am want to make PPT, best has Brunei picture ~~
高兴儿88
丹哈吉·哈桑纳尔·博尔基亚（Haji Hassanal Bolkiah），1967年10月继承王位。王储穆赫塔迪·比拉（Al-Muhtadee Billah），1998年8月册封为王储。 自然地理：国土面积5765平方公里。文莱达鲁萨兰国位于加里曼丹岛北部，北濒南中国海，东南西三面与马来西亚的沙捞越州接壤，并被沙捞越州的林梦分隔为不相连的东西两部分。海岸线长约161公里，沿海为平原，内地多山地，有33个岛屿。东部地势较高，西部多沼泽地。属热带雨林气候，炎热多雨。年均气温28℃ 。 人口：总人口约35万（2004年），其中马来人占67％，华人占15％，其他种族占18％。文莱的国语为马来语，通用英语，国教是伊斯兰教，其他还有佛教、基督教、拜物教等。 首都：斯里巴加湾市（Bandar Seri Begawan） ，位于文莱－穆阿拉区，面积16平方公里，人口约6万。原称文莱市，从十七世纪起即成为文莱首都，1970年10月4日改为现名。 简史：文莱古称渤泥。自古为酋长统治。15世纪伊斯兰教传入，建立苏丹国。16世纪中叶，葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、英国等相继入侵这个国家。1888年，文莱沦为英国的保护国。1941年，文莱被日本占领，1946年英国恢复对文莱的控制。1959年，文莱与英国签订协定，规定国防、治安和外交事务由英国管理，其他事务由文莱苏丹政府管理。1971年，文莱与英国重新签约，规定除外交事务和部分国防事务外，文莱恢复行使其他所有内部自治权。1978年，文莱苏丹赴伦敦就主权独立问题同英国政府谈判，并缔结了友好合作条约。根据条约，英国于1984年1月1日放弃了其掌握的文莱外交和国防权力，文莱宣布完全独立。独立以后，苏丹政府大力推行“马来化、伊斯兰化和君主制”政策，巩固王室统治，重点扶持马来族等土著人的经济，在进行现代化建设的同时严格维护伊斯兰教义。 政治：文莱是一个“主权、民主和独立的马来穆斯林君主国”。1956年9月29日颁布第一部宪法。独立后它的基本条款继续有效。1971年和1984年曾进行重要修改。宪法规定，苏丹为国家元首，拥有全部最高行政权力和颁布法律的权力，同时也是宗教领袖。设宗教、枢密、内阁、立法和世袭等5个委员会（1984年独立后，立法委员会停止运作，内阁委员会改为内阁政府），协助苏丹理政。 经济：文莱是东南亚第三大产油国和世界第四大液化天然气生产国。石油和天然气的生产和出口是文莱的经济支柱，占其国内生产总值的36％和出口总收入的95％。石油储量和产量仅次于印度尼西亚，居东南亚第二，液化天然气的出口居世界第二位。人均国内生产总值1．9万美元，是世界最富的国家之一。近年来，文莱政府大力推行经济多元化和私营化政策，力图改变过分依赖石油和天然气的单一经济结构。 The Dan admires Ji ·admire mulberry Na Er ·Bo Er the Ji be second(Haji Hassanal Bolkiah) and inherit scepter in October, 1967.The crown prince Mu He tower Di ·compare to pull(Al-Muhtadee Billah), set up formally for the crown prince in August, 1998. Natural geography:The national territory area is 5765 square kilometers.The Brunei reaches the Lu Sa orchid country to be located on to add island the north of the Man Dan of the inside, the north is close to south china sea, the southeast west three noodleses and the sand of Malaysia get more state to border, and is got more cantonal Lin2 Meng4 by the sand to box off for the thing that don't connect with each other is two parts.The coast line grows about 161 kilometers and the coast is a plain and the hinterland is many mountainous countries, there are 33 group of islandses.Eastern the geography be higher, much more western marsh ground.Belong to tropical rain forest weather, much more blazing hot rain.Year all the air temperature be 28 ℃ . Population:Total population about 350,000(2004), among them, the Malay have 67%, the Chinese people have 15%, and other races have 18%.The national language of Brunei is Ma3 Lai2 Yu3 , in general use English, country's teach is an Islamism, other still have Buddhism, Christianity and do obeisance a thing to teach etc.. Capital city:Ba Jia in the Si gulf City(Bandar Seri Begawan), Be located on － Mu Allah area in the Brunei, the area is 16 square kilometers, population about 60,000.Call Brunei City at first, have become a Brunei capital city since 17 centuries, on October 4, 1970 change to now. Brief history:The thou of the Brunei calls Bo mire.It is a Tribal chief to rule from thou.The 15 centuries Islamism stream into, the establishment Sudan country.16 century middle period, Portugal, Spain, Holland, British etc. invades this nation one after another.In 1888, the Brunei becomes the protectorate of England.In 1941, the Brunei is capture by Japan, 1946 England recover to control Brunei.In 1959, Brunei and England signs a pact and rule national defense, public order and foreign affairs are manage by England and other businesses are manage by Sudan government in the Brunei.In 1971, Brunei and England re- makes a contract, provision in addition to foreign affairs and parts of national defense businesses, the Brunei instauration exercises all other internal autonomy.In 1978, the Sudan, Brunei leaves for London sovereignty independence's problem together British government negotiation, and formed amity a cooperation treaty.According to the treaty, England gave it up on January 1, 1984 Brunei diplomacy and national defense power for control, the Brunei declares completely and independently.Independence after, Sudan government strongly promotes "horse to turn, the orchid of Yi Si turn with monarch system" policy, make stronger royal house governance, the point supports Ma3 Lai2 Zu2 etc. the soil Zhao person's economy, strictly support Islamism righteousness at the time of carrying on modern construction. Politics:The Brunei is a "the Si wood's monarchy of Ma3 Lai2 Mu4 of sovereignty, democracy and independence".Promulgate the first constitution on September 29, 1956.After the independence it of the basic item continue effectively.Once carried on an important modification with 1984 in 1971.The constitution rule that Sudan for the country head of state in the house, own the power of the all tallest administration power and promulgation law, also is a religious leader in the meantime.Establish a religion, Shu airtight, the cabinet, lawmaking are 5 committees(1984 independence after, the lawmaking committee stops operate, the cabinet committee changes to a cabinet government) with hereditary etc. and help reason government in Sudan. Economy:The Brunei is that Southeast Asia is the third to produce oil country and the fourth liquefied natural gas in the world to produce a country.Production and exit of petroleum and natural gas is the economic of the Brunei pillar, have 36% of its GDP and 95% of the exit gross earnings.Oil deposit and the yield only next to Indonesia, reside the second in Southeast Asia, the exit of liquefied natural gas occupies the second in the world.Person all GDP 1.USD 90,000 be one of the most rich nations of world.In recent years, the Brunei government strongly promotes economic diversification and privately owned to turn a policy and the dint diagram change excessively depends on single economic structure of petroleum and natural gas. 很多东西,自己挑合适的吧
