英语探险新闻

The Antarctic，a Desert of Ice All Year Round The antarctic is actually a desert．It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake． The antarctic is all ice all year round．The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero，at the South Pole．Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snow－fall．But less than ten inches of snow falls each year．That is less than half an inch of water．Ten times that much moisture falls in parts of the Sahara． The little snow that falls in Antarctica never melts．It continues to pile up deeper and deeper year after year and century after century．When the snow gets to be about eighty feet deep it is turned to ice by the weight of the snow above it． 南极——终年冰封的不毛之地 南极地区实际上是一片不毛之地，它是地球上唯一没有河流也没有湖泊的大陆。 南极地区终年冰封。那儿历史上的最高气温纪录是零度，那还是在南极点。探险家们过去总认为，如此寒冷的地方可能会有纷飞的大雪，但是，那儿每年的降雪却不足10英寸厚，还没有半英寸水多。撒哈拉沙漠一些地区的降雨量还是那儿的10倍呢！ 降于南极洲的微量的雪从不融化，年复一年，一个世纪又一个世纪地越积越厚。当积雪达80英尺的时候，受上层重压的雪就会凝结成冰。

希望我整理出来的答案可以对你有点帮助,第一个1，Edmund Hillary——埃德蒙·希拉里：首登世界最高峰的人故事简略如下，更详细点链接。1953 Everest Expedition这段是他年轻时登珠穆朗玛The route to Everest was closed by Chinese-controlled Tibet, and Nepal only allowed one expedition per year. A Swiss expedition (in which Tenzing took part) had attempted to reach the summit in 1952 but was turned back by bad weather 800 feet (240 m) from the summit. During a 1952 trip in the Alps Hillary discovered he and his friend George Lowe had been invited for the approved British 1953 attempt and immediately accepted.[9]Shipton was named as leader but was replaced by Hunt. Hillary considered pulling out, but both Hunt and Shipton talked him into remaining. Hillary was intending to climb with Lowe but Hunt named two teams for the assault: Tom Bourdillon and Charles Evans; and Hillary and Tenzing. Hillary therefore made a concerted effort to forge a working friendship with Tenzing.[9]The Hunt expedition totaled over 400 people, including 362 porters, twenty Sherpa guides and 10,000 lbs of baggage,[10][11] and like many such expeditions, was a team effort. Lowe supervised the preparation of the Lhotse Face, a huge and steep ice face, for climbing. Hillary forged a route through the treacherous Khumbu Icefall.[9]The expedition set up base camp in March 1953. Working slowly it set up its final camp at the South Col at 25,900 feet (7,890 m). On 26 May Bourdillon and Evans attempted the climb but turned back when Evans's oxygen system failed. The pair had reached the South Summit, coming within 300 vertical feet (91 m) of the summit.[11][12] Hunt then directed Hillary and Tenzing to go for the summit.Snow and wind held the pair up at the South Col for two days. They set out on 28 May with a support trio of Lowe, Alfred Gregory and Ang Nyima. The two pitched a tent at 27,900 feet (8,500 m) on 28 May while their support group returned down the mountain. On the following morning Hillary discovered that his boots had frozen solid outside the tent. He spent two hours warming them before he and Tenzing attempted the final ascent wearing 30-pound (14 kg) packs.[9] The crucial move of the last part of the ascent was the 40-foot (12 m) rock face later named the "Hillary Step". Hillary saw a means to wedge his way up a crack in the face between the rock wall and the ice and Tenzing followed.[13] From there the following effort was relatively simple. They reached Everest's 29,028 ft (8,848 m) summit, the highest point on earth, at 11:30 am.[14][1] As Hillary put it, "A few more whacks of the ice axe in the firm snow, and we stood on top."[15]They spent only about 15 minutes at the summit. They looked for evidence of the 1924 Mallory expedition, but found none.[16] Hillary took Tenzing's photo, Tenzing left chocolates in the snow as an offering, and Hillary left a cross that he had been given.[9] Because Tenzing did not know how to use a camera, there are no pictures of Hillary there.[17] The two had to take care on the descent after discovering that drifting snow had covered their tracks to complicate the task. The first person they met was Lowe, who had climbed up to meet them with hot soup.“ Well, George, we knocked the bastard off. ” —Hillary's first words to lifelong friend George Lowe on returning from Everest's summit[5][9]News of the successful expedition reached Britain on the day of the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. The group was surprised by the international acclaim that they received upon arriving in Kathmandu.[9] Hillary and Hunt were knighted by the young queen,[18] while Tenzing received either the British Empire Medal,[15] or the George Medal from the British Government for his efforts with the expedition.[19][20] It has been suggested that Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru refused permission for Tenzing to be knighted.[19]————————————————也是他最著名的登山家，1919年生于新西兰的奥克兰，1953年5月29日，和夏尔巴同伴Tenzing首次登顶珠峰 他回忆道“我们不知道人类是否会登顶世界之巅，所以我们使用了氧气，到了顶峰后，我们也不知道是否能够下来。” 1958年1月4日，他到达南极，只有不到20英里的油料。 1975年，他沿着恒河朔源而上，踏上神圣之旅。 90年代，他环球为联合国儿童署和联合国野生动物保护协会筹资。The most famous climber ever and forever... Born 1919 in Tuakau, Auckland, New Zealand. Climbed into immortality on May 29, 1953 together with his Sherpa companion Tenzing, by becoming the first to reach the highest point on earth, Mount Everest, 8,848 metres. Ed has bagged 11 summits in the Himalaya, all above 6000 metres.Ed about his Everest adventure: - "We didn"t know if it was humanly possible to reach the top of Mt. Everest. And even using oxygen as we were, if we did get to the top, we weren"t at all sure whether we wouldn"t drop dead or something of that nature."In the later fifties, Ed was invited to partipace in the first mekanized expedition to the South Pole. On January 4, 1958, Hillary reaches the Pole with just enough petrol for another 20 miles. In 1975, Hillary travels by jet boat from the mouth of the Ganges to the head waters of the river high in the Himalayas. What is seen by Hillary as merely an adventure is seen by millions of Indians as a pilgrimage.Throughout the 90s Hillary continues his global fund-raising work for organisations such as UNICEF and the World Wildlife Fund. His son Peter Hillary, inspired by his father has become a well-known climber, in 1990 he stood on the summit of Mount Everest with the same view his father had seen 37 years earlier.————————————————————————第二个，极限运动天才，Shaun White，滑板。。。图片和相关简介，你要的是英文，中文我就不贴出来了。Snowboarding careerWhite gained sponsorship from Burton. Shaun spent his formative years riding Snow Summit and Bear Mountain, at Big Bear a small ski resort found in the San Bernardino Mountains of Southern California. Shaun honed his skills on the now defunct Westridge snowboard park. Today, his sponsors include Burton, as well as Oakley, T-mobile, R.E.D.,Birdhouse Skateboards, Ricta, Park City Resort, Target, Red Bull, Transworld Snowboarding, Adio, Sony, Mountain Dew, HP, and Slayer. White also has his own character on the game Amped 2. White has been a participant in the Winter X Games, where he has medaled every year since 2002. Including all winter X Games competitions through 2008, his medal count stands at 12 (7 gold, 3 silver, 2 bronze), including the first four-peat winner by a male athlete in one discipline, the snowboard slopestyle. White's quest for a five-peat Gold in 2007 was spoiled by Andreas Wiig (Gold) and Jussi Oksanen (Silver), with White taking the bronze. At the conclusion of the 2008 Winter X Games, White stands as one of only two athletes who have won a leading seven gold medals in their total Winter X competitive history. He has also won the Air & Style Contest in 2003 and 2004.White also earned a gold medal in the men's halfpipe while representing the United States at the 2006 Winter Olympics. He scored a 46.8 out of 50 on his first run. The score was not beaten by any other boarder in the first or second run, ensuring him the gold before his final run.Executing near-flawless second run, Shaun White captured his third consecutive halfpipe title at the 2008 U.S. Open Snowboarding Championships to go along with his third US Open slopestyle competition . This follows White's dramatic win at the 25th (2007) Burton US Open, where he placed third in slopestlyle and first in the halfpipe. White was defending champion of the Open, as he had overcome several years of injuries and other problems to finally win the event in 2006 for the first time. At the 2007 Open, White was also crowned the first "Male Burton Global Open Champion". His take for the event was $100,000 (Global Open Champ), $20,000 (1st Place Halfpipe), $5,000 (3rd Place Slopestyle), and a new Volvo.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaun_White——————————————————第三个，Francis Drake ，这个是老人物了，极限运动，现代探险家，1500年的探险家，都提供给你了。 他的简介Sir Francis Drake (c.1540 - c.1596) was an Elizabethan sailor and navigator, and the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe.Francis Drake was born in Tavistock, Devon in around 1540 and went to sea at an early age. In 1567, Drake made one of the first English slaving voyages as part of a fleet led by his cousin John Hawkins, bringing African slaves to work in the 'New World'. All but two ships of the expedition were lost when attacked by a Spanish squadron. The Spanish became a lifelong enemy for Drake and they in turn considered him a pirate.In 1570 and 1571, Drake made two profitable trading voyages to the West Indies. In 1572, he commanded two vessels in a marauding expedition against Spanish ports in the Caribbean. He saw the Pacific Ocean and captured the port of Nombre de Dios on the Isthmus of Panama. He returned to England with a cargo of Spanish treasure and a reputation as a brilliant privateer. In 1577, Drake was secretly commissioned by Elizabeth I to set off on an expedition against the Spanish colonies on the American Pacific coast. He sailed with five ships, but by the time he reached the Pacific Ocean in October 1578 only one was left, Drake's flagship the Pelican, renamed the Golden Hind. To reach the Pacific, Drake became the first Englishman to navigate the Straits of Magellan. He travelled up the west coast of South America, plundering Spanish ports. He continued north, hoping to find a route across to the Atlantic, and sailed further up the west coast of America than any European. Unable to find a passage, he turned south and then in July 1579, west across the Pacific. His travels took him to the Moluccas, Celebes, Java and then round the Cape of Good Hope. He arrived back in England in September 1580 with a rich cargo of spices and Spanish treasure and the distinction of being the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe. Seven months later, Elizabeth knighted him aboard the Golden Hind, to the annoyance of the king of Spain.In 1585, Drake sailed to the West Indies and the coast of Florida where he sacked and plundered Spanish cities. On his return voyage, he picked up the unsuccessful colonists of Roanoke Island off the coast of the Carolinas, which was the first English colony in the New World. In 1587, war with Spain was imminent and Drake entered the port of Cadiz and destroyed 30 of the ships the Spanish were assembling against the British. In 1588, he was a vice admiral in the fleet that defeated the Armada. Drake's last expedition, with John Hawkins, was to the West Indies. The Spanish were prepared for him this time, and the venture was a disaster. Drake died on 28 January 1596 of dysentery off the coast of Puerto Rico. Hawkins died at the same time, and their bodies were buried at sea.以上三个，古代探险，现代探险，极限运动。

新西兰历险记初中学生读的