镭的英语

(L. radius, ray) Radium was discovered in 1898 by Mme. Curie in the pitchblende or uraninite of North Bohemia, where it occurs. There is about 1 g of radium in 7 tons of pitchblende. The element was isolated in 1911 by Mme. Curie and Debierne by; the electrolysis of a solution of pure radium chloride, employing a mercury cathode; on distillation in an atmosphere of hydrogen this amalgam yielded the pure metal. Originally, radium was obtained from the rich pitchblende ore found in Joachimsthal, Bohemia. The carnotite sands of Colorado furnish some radium, but richer ores are found in the Republic of Zaire and the Great Lake region of Canada. Radium is present in all uranium minerals, and could be extracted, if desired, from the extensive wastes of uranium processing. Large uranium deposits are located in Ontario, New Mexico, Utah, Australia, and elsewhere. Radium is obtained commercially as the bromide and chloride; it is doubtful if any appreciable stock of the isolated element now exists. The pure metal is brilliant white when freshly prepared, but blackens on exposure to air, probably due to formation of the nitride. It exhibits luminescence, as do its slats; it decomposes in water and is somewhat more volatile than barium. It is a member of the alkaline-earth group of metals. Radium imparts a carmine red color to a flame. Radium emits alpha, beta, and gamma rays and when mixed with beryllium produce neutrons. One gram of 226Ra undergoes 3.7 x 10^10 disintegrations per s. The curie is defined as that amount of radioactivity which has the same disintegration rate as 1 g of 226Ra. Twenty five isotopes are now known; radium 226, the common isotope, has a half-life of 1600 years. One gram of radium produces about 0.0001 ml (stp) of emanation, or radon gas, per day. This is purged from the radium and sealed in minute tubes, which are used in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Radium is used in the producing of self-luminous paints, neutron sources, and in medicine for the treatment of disease. Some of the more recently discovered radioisotopes, such as 60Co, are now being used in place of radium. Some of these sources are much more powerful, and others are safer to use. Radium loses about 1% of its activity in 25 years, being transformed into elements of lower atomic weight. Lead is a final product of disintegration. Stored radium should be ventilated to prevent build-up of radon. Inhalation, injection, or body exposure to radium can cause cancer and other body disorders. The maximum permissible burder in the total body for 226Ra is 7400 becquerel.

镭 radium钋 polonium

1 characteristic 特征；特征n. 2 radium 镭n. 3 painter 画家n. 4 put forward 提出 5 scientific 科学的adj. 6 conclude 结束；推断出vt.&vi. 7 conclusion 论断；结束n. 8 draw a conclusion 患上出论断 9 analyse 分析vt. 10 infect 传染；传染vt. 11 infectious 传染的adj. 12 cholera 霍乱n. 13 defeat 打败；受挫；使战胜vt.失败n. 14 expert 熟练的；经验或者奥博的adj.专家；里手n. 15 attend 赐顾帮衬；护理；盛大出席；参加vt. 16 physician 大夫；内科医师n. 17 expose 暴露；揭破；使曝光vt. 18 expose…to 使显露；暴露vt. 19 deadly 致命的adj. 20 cure 治愈；痊愈n.治愈；疗治vt. 21 outbreak 爆发；发作n. 22 challenge 挑战n.向……挑战vt. 23 victim 受害者n. 24 absorb 吸收；吸引；使用心vt. 25 suspect 思疑vt.被思疑者；嫌疑人n. 26 enquiry 扣问n. 27 neighborhood 附近；邻近n. 28 severe 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的adj. 29 clue 线索；提示n. 30 pump 泵；缩水机n.（用泵）抽（水）vt. 31 Cambridge street 剑桥大街 32 foresee 遇见，预知vt. 33 investigate 调查vt.&vi. 34 investigation 调查n. 35 blame 责备；谴责vt.过失；责备n. 36 pollute 污染；搞脏vt. 37 handle 柄；把儿n.措置惩罚；把持vt. 38 germ 微有生命的物质；细菌n. 39 link 毗连；接洽n. 40 link...to... 将……以及……接洽或者毗连起来 41 announce 宣布；通告vt. 42 certainty 确信；确实n. 43 instruct 命令；指示；辅导vt. 44 responsible 有责任的；卖力的adj. 45 construct 设置装备摆设；修建vt. 46 construction 设置装备摆设；建筑物n. 47 contribute 捐募；孝敬；捐助vt.&vi. 48 apart from 除……以外；此外 49 firework 炊火（使爆发）n. 50 chart 图表n. 51 creative 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的adj. 52 co-operative 互助的adj. 53 positive 踊跃的；肯定的；确实的adj. 54 be strict with... 对于……严酷的 55 Nicolaus Copernicus 尼古拉.哥白尼（波兰天思想家） 56 revolutionary 革命的；重大变革的adj. 57 movement 移动；运动；动作n. 58 make sense 讲患上通；有意义 59 backward 向后的（地）；相反的（地）；退步的（地）adj.&adv. 60 loop 圈；环n. 61 privately 暗里地；奥秘地adv. 62 spin （spun，spun）（使）扭转；纺（线或者纱）vt.&vi. 63 brightness 明亮；亮度；聪颖n. 64 enthusiastic 热忱的；热肠的adj. 65 cautious 小心的；谨慎的adj. 66 reject 拒绝；不接管；丢弃vt. 67 universe 宇宙；世界n. 第二单元单词： 1 unite 联合；团结vi.&vt. 2 kingdom 王国n. 3 consist 构成；在于；一致vi. 4 consist of 由……构成 5 London Heathrow Airport 伦敦希尔罗机场 6 province 省；行政区n. 7 River Avon 埃文河 8 River Thames 泰晤士河 9 River Severn 塞文河 10 divide... into 把……分成 11 Wales 威尔士（英） 12 Scotland 苏格兰（英） 13 Northern 北爱尔兰（英） 14 clarify 澄清；讲道理vt. 15 accomplish 完成；到达；实现vt. 16 conflict 矛盾；冲突n. 17 unwilling 不愿意（的）；不乐意（的）adj. 18 break away （from）挣脱（束厄狭隘）；脱离 19 union 联合；联盟；结合；协会n. 20 the Union Jack 英国国旗 21 credit 信任；学分；赞扬；银行存款n. 22 to ones credit 为……带来荣誉；值当赞扬；在……名下 23 currency 钱币；通货n. 24 institution 制度；机制；大众机构n. 25 educational 教诲的adj. 26 convenience 便利；方便n. 27 rough 粗糙的；粗暴的adj. 28 roughly 粗略地；粗糙地adv. 29 Midlands 英格兰中部地域 30 nationwide 全国性的；全国范围的adj. 31 attract 吸引；引起注意vt. 32 你好storical 历史（上）的；有关历史的adj. 33 arc你好tecture 建筑学；建筑艺术n. 34 Roman （古）罗马人n.（古）罗马的adj. 35 collection 保藏品；典藏；收集n. 36 administration 管理；行政部门n. 37 port 港口（都会）n. 38 Anglo-Saxon 盎格鲁—撒克逊人n.盎格鲁—撒克逊人的adj. 39 Norman 诺曼人；诺曼语n.诺曼的；诺曼人（语）的adj. 40 Viking 北欧海匪；斯堪的纳维亚人n. 41 countryside 乡间；屯子n. 42 enjoyable 令人愉快的；使人高兴的adj. 43 leave out 省去；漏掉；不考虑 44 opportunity 机会；机会n. 45 description 描写；描述n. 46 furnished 配备好装备的；带家庭用具的adj. 47 fax 传真（机）n.用传真传输（文件）vt. 48 possibility 有可能（性）n. 49 plus 加上；以及perp.加的；正的；零上的adj. 50 quarrel 争吵；争论；吵架n.争吵；吵架vi. 51 alike 相同的；近是的adj. 52 take the place of 代替 53 break down （呆板）损坏；粉碎 54 arrange 筹备；摆设；整理vt. 55 wedding 婚礼n. 56 fold 折叠；半数vt. 57 sightseeing 不雅光；游览n. 58 delight 快乐；高兴；喜悦n.使高兴；使欣喜vt. 59 royal 王室的；皇室的；崇高的adj. 60 uniform 制服n. 61 St Pauls Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 62 splendid 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的adj. 63 Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特大教堂（英国名人坟场） 64 statue 塑像；雕像n. 65 Buckingham palace 英国王宫 66 Greenwich 格林尼治（英都会）n. 67 longitude 经线；经度n. 68 imaginary 想象中的；假象的；虚构的adj. 69 navigation 导航；航行n. 70 Highgate Cemetery 海格特坟场（英伦敦北郊，内有马克思及其家人的坟墓） 71 communism 共产主义n. 72 original 最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的adj. 73 thrill 使冲动；使胆战心惊vt. 74 pot 罐；壶n. 75 error 纰缪；过失；错差n. 76 tense 时态n. 77 consistent 一致的adj. 第三单元单词： 1 aspect 方面；层面n. 2 impression 印象；感触；印记n. 3 take up 拿起；接管；起头；接续 4 constant 经常发生的；持续不断的adj. 5 constantly 不断地adv. 6 jet 喷气式飞机n. 7 jet lag 航行时差反映 8 flashback 闪回；倒叙n. 9 previous 在前的；早先的adj. 10 uncertain 不确切的；无驾驭的adj. 11 guide 引导；向导；导游n.指点引导；引导vt. 12 tablet 药片n. 13 expertise 专家理论；专门知识（技能等）n. 14 capsule 太空舱；胶囊n. 15 steward 乘务员；服务员n. 16 stewardess 女乘务员n. 17 opening （收支的）通道；开口；开端n. 18 sideways 往（向、从）一侧；侧着；一面朝前adv. 19 surrounding 周围的物质；环境n.周围的adj. 20 tolerate 容忍；勉强承受vt. 21 combination 结合；组合n. 22 lack 缺乏；没有vt.&vi.缺乏；欠缺的东西n. 23 adjustment 调解；调节n. 24 mask 面具；遮蔽保护面部的罩子；伪装n. 25 be back on ones feet （困境后）恢复；纯粹回复复兴 26 hover 回旋vi. 27 carriage 运输东西；四轮马车；客车n. 28 press 按；压；欺压vt.&vi.按；压；印刷；新闻n. 29 fasten 系牢；扎牢vt. 30 belt 腰带；皮带n. 31 safety belt 安全带 32 lose sight of... 看不见…… 33 sweep up 扫除；横扫 34 flash （使）发光；（使）显现vt.&vi. 35 switch 开关；转换n.转换vt. 36 timetable 时间表；时刻表n. 37 exhausted 力倦神疲的；疲倦不胜的adj. 38 slide into （快捷而悄声地）移动；溜进…… 39 optimistic 乐不雅（主义）的adj. 40 pessimistic 悲不雅（主义）的adj. 41 speed up 加速 42 pedal 踏板；脚蹬n. 43 alien 外星人；异国人n.生疏的；异国的；外星球的adj. 44 mud 泥（浆）n. 45 desert 戈壁；荒原n. 46 enormous 巨大的；庞大的adj. 47 imitate 仿照；仿制vt. 48 moveable 可移动的；勾当的adj. 49 citizen 公民；居民；市民n. 50 typist 打字员n. 51 typewriter 打字机n. 52 postage 邮资n. 53 postcode 邮政编码n. 54 button 纽扣,按键n. 55 instant 刹时；半晌n.当即的；立刻的adj. 56 receiver 接收者；接收器；电话受话器n. 57 efficiency 效率；功效n. 58 efficient 效率高的；有能力的adj. 59 ribbon 丝带；带状物n. 60 dustbin 乐瑟桶n. 61 dispose 布置；摆设vt. 62 disposal 断根；措置惩罚n. 63 ecology 生态；生态学n. 64 greedy 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪婪的adj. 65 swallow 吞下；咽下vt. 66 material 原料；质料n. 67 recycle 回收哄骗；再哄骗vt. 68 manufacture （用呆板）大量出产；成批制造vt. 69 goods 货物n. 70 etc 诸云云类；等等abbr. 71 representative 代表；典型人物n.典型的；有代表性的adj. 72 settlement 假寓；解决n. 73 motivation 动机n. 第四单元： 1 journalist 记者；新闻事情者n. 2 involve 牵涉；涉及；包孕；使介入（卷入）……vt. 3 editor 编辑n. 4 photograph 照片n.给……照相vt. 5 photographer 摄影师n. 6 photography 摄影n. 7 unforgettable 难忘的；永恒想的起来的adj. 8 assignment 任务；分配n. 9 delighted 快乐的；欣喜的adj. 10 admirable 值当赞扬的；令人钦佩的adj. 11 unusual 不同寻常的；奇特的adj. 12 assist 帮忙；协助；支援vt. 13 assistant 助手；助理；售货员n. 14 submit 递交；呈报（文件等）vt. 15 profession 职业；专业n. 16 professional 专业的；职业的adj.专业人员n. 17 colleague 同事n. 18 eager 渴望的；热烈恳切的adj. 19 concentrate 集中；堆积vt. 20 concentrate on 集中；全神灌输于 21 amateur 业余喜好者n. 22 update 更新；使现代化vt. 23 acquire 获取；取患上；学到vt. 24 assess 评估；评定vt. 25 inform 奉告；报信vt. 26 deadline 最后期限n. 27 interviewee 参加应聘者；接管访问者n. 28 meanw你好le 时期；同时adv. 29 depend on 依靠；倚赖 30 case 情况；病例；案件的例子n. 31 accuse 诘问诘责；谴责；控告n. 32 accuse... of 因……诘问诘责或者控告…… 33 accusation 诘问诘责；谴责；控告vt. 34 deliberately 存心肠adv. 35 so as to (do sth) 为了（做）…… 36 deny 否定；拒绝vt. 37 sceptical 思疑的（skeptical）adj. 38 guilty 犯法的；有罪的；内疚的adj. 39 dilemma （进退维谷的）困境；窘境n. 40 demand 需求；要求n.强烈要求vt. 41 demanding 要求很高的；费力的adj. 42 publish 出版；发行；发表；发布vt. 43 scoop 抢先获患上的新闻、利润等；勺子；铲子n. 44 section 部分；节n. 45 concise 简单明白的；简练的adj. 46 imaginative 富于想象力的adj. 47 technically 技术上；工艺上adv. 48 thorough 彻底的；纤悉的adj. 49 gifted 有天赋的adj. 50 idiomatic 惯用的；庇护语言习惯的adj. 51 housewife 家子主妇n. 52 crime 罪行；犯法n. 53 edition 版（本）；版次n. 54 ahead of 在……前边 55 department 部门；部；处；系n. 56 accurate 精确的；正确的adj. 57 senior 年长的；高年级的；高级的adj. 58 polish 擦亮；磨光；修饰vt. 59 c你好ef 首要的；首席的adj.首领；长官n. 60 approve 同意；承认；批准vt. 61 process 加工；措置惩罚vt.过程；程序；步骤n. 62 negative 底版；否定n.否定的；消极的adj. 63 appointment 约会；录用n. 第五单元单词： 1 aid 帮忙；支援；输将n.&vt. 2 first aid （对于伤患者的）急救 3 temporary 权时的；临时的adj. 4 fall ill 生病 5 injury 损伤；伤害n. 6 bleed （bled,bled）流血vt.&vi. 7 nosebleed 鼻出血；流鼻血n. 8 sprain 扭伤 9 sprained 扭伤的adj. 10 ankle 踝（关节）n. 11 choke （使）咽住；（使）窒息vt.&vi. 12 cupboard 橱柜；衣柜n. 13 skin 皮；肉皮儿n. 14 essential 最重要的；不可缺乏的；本质的adj. 15 organ 器官n. 16 layer 层；条理n. 17 barrier 屏障；停滞（物）n. 18 poison 毒药；毒害n.毒害；使中毒vt. 19 ray 光线；射线n. 20 complex 复杂的adj. 21 variety 变化；多样（化）；多变（性）n. 22 liquid 液体n. 23 radiation 辐射；射线n. 24 mild 轻细的；温以及的；温柔的adj. 25 mildly 轻细地；温以及地adv. 26 pan 平底锅；盘子n. 27 stove 炉子；火炉n. 28 heal （使）恢复健康；（使）化解vt.&vi. 29 tissue （有生命的物质）社团；薄的织物；毛巾纸n. 30 electric shock 触电；电休克 31 swell （swelled,swellen）（使）膨胀；隆起vt.&vi. 32 swollen 肿胀的adj. 33 blister 水泡n.（使）起泡vt.&vi. 34 watery （似）水的adj. 35 char 烧焦vi. 36 nerve 神经器官；胆量n. 37 scissors 剪刀n. 38 unbearable 难以勉强承受的；不能容忍的adj. 39 basin 盆；盆地n. 40 squeeze 榨；挤；压榨vt.&vi. 41 squeeze out 榨出；挤出 42 over and over again 重复；多次 43 bandage 绷带n. 44 in place 在适当的位置；适当 45 ointment 要高；油膏n. 46 infection 传染；传染病；传染n. 47 vital 相当重要的；生死攸关的adj. 48 symptom 症状；晴雨表n. 49 label 加标签或者标志；分类vt.标签；标志n. 50 kettle （水）壶；罐n. 51 pour 倒；灌；注；涌vt.&vi. 52 wrist 手腕儿n. 53 damp 湿润的adj. 54 Casey 凯西（姓） 55 sleeve 袖子n. 56 blouse 女衬衫n. 57 tight 牢的；紧的；精密的adj. 58 tightly 紧地；紧紧地adv. 59 firm （动作）稳定有力的；坚定的adj. 60 firmly 坚固地；稳定地adv. 61 throat 喉咙；喉咙n. 62 Janson 詹森（姓） 63 ceremony 典礼；典礼；礼仪n. 64 bravery 英勇；勇气n. 65 Slade 斯莱德（姓） 66 stab 刺；戳；刺伤vt.&vi. 67 a number of 若干；很多 68 put ones hands of 找到 69 treat 疗治；看待；款待vt.&vi.款待；看待n. 70 apply 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vt.申请；请求；使用；有效vi. 71 pressure 压力；积压；压迫（感）n. 72 ambulance 救生车n. 73 scheme 方案；规划n. 74 Southerton 萨瑟顿（姓） 75 make a difference 区分看待；有影响；其（重要）作用 76 bruise 瘀伤；擦伤n.&vi.请采纳答案，支持我一下。

镭：英radium化Ra钋：英Polonium化Po