中圈套英文

1．So+be/have等助动词/情态动词+主语 “某人情况也是如此” 如：He has been to Britain. So have I. 他曾去过英国。我也去过。I went swimming yesterday afternoon. So did my sister.昨天下午我去游泳了。我妹妹也去了。一、以形式主语it引导的句型。 句型1. It (so) happened（chanced） that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如： It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。＝He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there. 句型2. It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/to be done/to have been done（还有动词appear等可这样使用）如: It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.他好象以前去过北京。＝He seemed to have been to Beijing before. 句型3. It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如： It wasn't until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移)。 It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since） It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。） 句型4. It is high time (time/ about time)+ (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它。（从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。）如: It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。 句型5. It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句. 如： It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。＝He was said to have read this novel. 句型6. It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气。)如： It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。 句型7. It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略。)如： He didn't come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。 句型8. It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如： It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。 句型9. It is/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如： It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是强调句型。) 句型10. It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如： It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. 句型11. It is well-known that＋从句。如： It is well-known that she is a learned woman.众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。 句型12. It is +段时间＋since+主语＋did. 请比较： It was +段时间＋since+主语＋had done. 如： It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。 It was five years since he left here.（同上） 注意下列句型的翻译:It is five years since he lived here.他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。 句型13. It +谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（ before引导的是时间状语从句。） 如： It wasn't long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。 句型14. It is +形容词(possible, impossible, necessary等) ＋for+ sb.+ to do. 如： It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。 句型15. It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. +to do.= 主语+ be +形容词＋to do.(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如： It is kind of you to help me.＝You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。 二、定语从句： 句型16. 由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如： As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。） 句型17. 由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如： He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。 句型18. 由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如： This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to. This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on. （说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看关系代词that和which的区别。） 三、让步状语从句 句型19. No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose＋从句，＋主句.(注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态。)如： No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一定要做好。 No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。 （说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。） （注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。） 四、条件状语从句 句型20. When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如： As long as you give me any money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。 Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。 句型21. 主句＋on condition that+从句.如： I will go with you on condition that you give me a sum of money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。 句型22. 主句＋unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。)如： I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。 句型23. 祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如： Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。 Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。 句型24. If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句.(注意：if与形容词之间的it is被省略。)如： If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。 五、原因状语从句 句型25. 主句＋in case+从句.（in case表示以免）如： I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。 句型26. 主句＋due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如： He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。 六、时间状语从句 句型27. When / While / As +从句，＋主句.如： When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。 句型28. 主句＋after / before +从句. 如： They hadn't been married four months before they were devoiced.他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。 We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。 句型29. 主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句.请比较：主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句.如： I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。 I didn't worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。 句型30. As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句. 如： My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。 句型31. No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did. 请比较： 主语＋had + no sooner +done…than +主语＋did. 如： No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。请比较：I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. 句型32. Hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had +hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely + done…when / before +主语＋did. Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。请 比较： She had hardly had supper when she went out. 句型33. By the time+从句，＋主句.（注意时态的变化。）如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。 By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时，我将写完这本书了。 句型34. each / every time +从句，＋主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如： Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨，总是顺便来看看我。 七、地点状语从句 句型35. Where +从句，＋主句. 如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。 句型36、Anywhere / Wherever+从句，＋主句. 如： Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。请比较： I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。 八、目的状语从句 句型37. 主句＋in order that / so that +从句.如： I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。 句型38. 主句＋for +sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如： He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。 九、结果状语从句 句型39. 主句＋so that+从句. 如： It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很泠，因此河水结冰了。 句型40. So+形容词/ 副词＋特定动词(助动词或系动词)＋主语＋…＋that+从句. So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。 句型41. 主语＋谓语＋such+名词＋that+从句.如： He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他。 句型42. Such was + 主语＋that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如： Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了。 句型43. 主句＋only +to do sth. (only和动词不定式一起做结果状语)如： I woke up very late only to find that my wife had gone to work. 我醒得很晚，结果发现我的妻子已经上班了。 十、比较状语从句 句型44. The +形容词比较级……，（主句）the +形容词比较级＋……如： The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。 句型45. 主语＋谓语＋as +形容词原级＋as +被比较的对象. 如： He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。 句型46. 主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词比较级＋of / between … He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。 句型47. 主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋被比较的对象.如： This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。） 句型48. 主语＋谓语＋百分数/倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋被比较的对象.如： This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。 The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2001.那个公社的早稻产量是2001年的两倍。 句型49. 主语＋谓语＋the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如： Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼是你们大楼的两倍高。 十一、其它句型 句型50. It doesn't matter wh-+从句。如： It doesn't matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。 It doesn't matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。 句型51. 形容词/ 副词 / 名词（可数单数）+as / though +主语＋谓语，＋主句.如： Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小，但他知道得很多。 Hard he works, I am sure that he can't pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格。 Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。 句型52. Were / Should / Had +主语＋谓语，＋主句.如 Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话，昨天我就去那儿了。 句型53 Only +状语＋特定动词＋主语＋谓语… Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。 Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。 Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时，我才认识到我错了。 句型54 Not only +特定动词＋主语＋谓语…but also+主语＋谓语… 如： Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利。 句型55 whether…or…, neither…nor…, either…or… 如： Whether he will come or not isn't important.他不来不重要。 句型56 主语＋doubt＋whether + 从句. 请比较： 主语＋特定否定词＋doubt＋that＋从句. 如： I don't doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。2．What about/How about+名词/代词/doing sth,/副词/状语从句 “………该怎么办？……做什么？”（用来征求对方意见或询问消息、提出建议等） 如：What/How about going to France this summer? 夏天到法国去度假怎么样？What/How about a walk in the woods? 到林间散散步怎么样？3．……do as sb. does……“照某人那样去做” 如：You should do as the teacher tells you to . 你应该照你老师讲的那样去做。When in Rome do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。4、none of +名词/代词+do/does……“在……中没有任何一个做……”如：None of the telephones can work。 所有的电话都不能工作了。None of them are/is interested in physics. 他们中没有一个人对物理感兴趣。5．Not +all+复数名词/不可数名词+are/is……“并非全部……”；“并不是所有的……” 如：Not all the parts of the car will be made in the factory.并不是所有的汽车部件都在这家工厂制造。Not all the students can pass the exam. 并非所有的同学都能通过考试。Not all factories here produce shirts. 这儿的工厂不都生产衬衣。6、主语+系动词+the same as /the same…… as ……“和……一样” 如：The English teacher is the same age as my father.英语老师的年龄跟我父亲的一般大。My friend looks the same as before. 我朋友看起来没有多大变化。7．It is /was+形容词+不定式 “做某事是……” 如：It is wonderful to travel in that great forest.在那片大森林里旅行，真是太美了。It is very nice to meet you. 见到你真高兴。8．主语+be about to do……+when… “……正要做某事时……” 如：This afternoon I was just about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me and shouted at me……今天下午我正要下水去游泳，这时幸亏我们的向导看见我，对我大声喊道……I was about to go to bed when there was a ring.我正要睡觉，这时忽然电话铃响了。9．What（a/an）+名词+主语+谓语！ How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！“多么……;……真是……” 如：What a bad sight it was! 多么凄惨的一幅景象啊！What dangerous fish they are! 这些鱼真凶恶！What fine weather (it is)! /What a fine day (it is)! 多好的天气啊！How silly the questions were! 那些问题真愚蠢！10．Isn’t it……？/Don’t you do……？（否定疑问句用来表示对某事感到吃惊或责备） 如：Isn’t it comfortable to sit in the Chinese chair?坐在这把中国式的椅子上难道不舒服吗？Don’t you see I’m one of yours? 难道你看不出我是你们的同类吗？11．There is nothing but/except……“除了……外别无其他” 如：Under the soil there is nothing but/except sand. 土壤下面尽是沙子。For miles and miles I could see nothing but/except a great fire and lots of smoke.绵延数英里，我们看到的尽是大火和浓烟。12．It takes /took/will take+sb+some time+to dosth.“某人花多少时间做某事” 如：It took 100 workers one month to complete the bridge.100个工人花了一个月的时间建成了这座大桥。It will take me an hour to do my homework.我将花一小时的时间来做完家庭作业。13．A is……times +形容词比较级/副词比较级+than B “A比B（大、小、高、低等）……倍” 如：The population in and around San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906.现在旧金山市区和郊区的人口是1906年的10倍以上了。The plane can travel many times faster than the train.飞机飞行的速度是火车的好几倍。14．A is ……times as+形容词/副词+as B “A是B的……倍” 如：This year they produced ten times as much grain as they did 5 years ago.这一年他们生产的粮食是5年前的10倍。15．主语+don’t +think/believe/expect/imagine/suppose+宾语从句 “认为……不会…… ” 这类动词用来引导一个否定概念时，通常是把这类动词变成否定，而不是把其后宾语从句中的谓语动词变成否定。这在语法上叫做否定的转移。 如：I don’t think I will see Mary this morning.我认为今天早上我见不到玛丽。I don’t suppose she will marry her daughter to you .我认为她不会把女儿嫁给你。16、主语+prefer+A to B“…喜欢A而不喜欢B”；“…喜欢A胜过喜欢B” 如：主语+prefer to do sth. ……喜欢做某事主语+prefer to do sth1.+rather than do sth …喜欢做事1胜过喜欢做事2主语+prefer doing sth1 to doing sth2 …喜欢做事1胜过喜欢做事2主语+prefer sb to do st ……喜欢某人做某事I prefer walking along the country road to staying at home watching TV all the time.我喜欢沿着乡村道路散步，不喜欢呆在家中守着电视看个不停。She prefers chemistry to maths. 他喜欢化学胜过数学。17．Would you please do…？“请你干某事好吗？”（委婉、客气地表示请求）如：Would you please read the letter in public? 你当众读读这封信，好吗？Would you please pass me the pictures? 请你递给我那些图片好吗？18．主语+谓语+形容词比较级/副词比较级+and+形容词比较级/副词比较级 “……越来越……”（这种双重比较的结构，表示持续不断的变化） 如：When spring comes, the day is getting longer and longer.春天来了，白天变得越来越长。The kite is flying higher and higher. 风筝飞得越来越高了。19．Why don’t you do……？“为什么你不……？”Why not do……？“为什么不……？”You had better do……“你最好还是……”这三个句型用来向朋友提出忠告或建议。 如：Why don’t you use your knife? 为什么不用你的刀子呢？Why not just wear a flower? 为什么不只戴一朵花呢？You’d better stay here for the night. 你最好在这里过夜。20．主语+find+it/it’s+形容词+不定式（短语） “……发现做某事是……的” 如：He found it /it’s important to study the situation in Russia.他发现研究俄国的形势是很重要的。I find it/it’s very funny to wear such a hat.