建筑段英语

Barnes stresses that it will take time for the plantings to “settle in” and for the powerful architectural form of the foliage to be fully realized. He anticipates that the garden will, in maturity, be a mysterious place, shadowy and romantic. 巴恩斯强调，这将需要一段时间使植物“定居”下来，使强大的植物建筑形式得到充分实现。他预计，花园在植物成熟后，是一个神秘的地方，树荫笼罩和充满浪漫气氛。 European parterre gardens were often completely enclosed, containing decorative plantings and patterns to be admired from outside the garden. Barnes instead created unembellished outdoor galleries to walk through. In this way, the minimal architecture of the Walker extends itself into the garden. The analogy to the Walker design is continued in the carefully planned openings in the court’s hedges to frame views of sculptures within, an effect not unlike Barnes’s placement of wide doorways between the Walker’s galleries to give glimpses of the next floor. Noting the deliberate break Barnes made with the Olmsed-style naturalism of other Minneapolis parks, Friedman describes their shared goal of a “museum character” for the sculpture garden: “There is an outside museum as well as an inside museum.” (3) 欧洲花坛园林，往往完全封闭的，包含装饰性的植物，让人从花园外部敬仰。巴恩斯，独辟蹊径创造没有装饰的户外艺廊让人漫步。这样，最小的沃克建筑也延伸到花园。在精心策划的庭院树篱的开口勾勒了院内雕塑的景色，沃克设计在这得到沿续。Barnes在沃克的画廊之间留出宽阔的门口给人留下瞥见下一层的机会，这和以前效果没有什么不同。与其他明尼阿波利斯公园Olmsed自然主义的风格一样，巴恩斯从不蓄意破坏自然，弗里德曼描述了他们带有“博物馆特征”雕塑园共同的目标：“外面有一个博物馆，博物馆内还有一个。”（3） To provide this strong architectonic framework, Peter Rothschild selected trees such as the Glenleven Littleleaf linden, which would lend them to pruning. Rothschild and associate Claudia Thornton obtained no fewer than 875 arborvitae, 200 Black Hills spruce trees, and 70 linden trees. A constraint on the landscape architects was the stipulation that the garden have no floral displays, nothing to compete with the sculpture.为了提供这种强大的建筑学框架，彼得柴尔德选择了如Glenleven小叶子菩提树，这将需要给予它们修剪树木。罗斯柴尔德和同事Claudia Thornton获得不少于875棵侧柏，200棵黑山云杉树， 和70棵菩提树。对景观建筑师规定的制约因素是该园不能展示花，不能有与雕塑争艳的东西。 Extensive grading of the site was required to achieve the terracing of the courts, which step down to the north. The granite planters sharply define the grade. The same granite that paved the Walker’s roof terraces is used for the garden’s stairs and planter walls. In contrast to the predominantly European character of the garden, Rothschild found inspiration for the low stone walls in New England. The rustic effect of a split-faced stone appealed to him, as he explains, the idea was to soften the effect of the walls by making them seem more like the kind of walls that a farmer in New England might have laid. The battered walls are self-supporting and lay with soil, allowing for natural movement as the ground freezes and thaws. 本设计需要从南高北低梯田一样的庭院获得展览的平台。花岗岩花盆明确定义了级别。用于花园的楼梯和花盆种植的沃克的屋顶平台用同样的花岗岩铺成。和主流的欧洲的园林特征不同，罗斯柴尔德在新英格兰低石墙发现了灵感。一个分裂的石头乡村的效果吸引了他，因为他解释说，当时的想法是软化墙壁的效果，使它们看起来像那种在新英格兰的农民可能铺成的墙的效果。有裂缝效果的墙壁和土地一起能自我支撑因为地面冻结和融化自然的运动。

of low strain rate under strain-controlled condition, an overshoot appears at the point and an undershoot at the point . On the other hand, in the case of high strain rate, both overshoot and undershoot do not appear. In the case oflow strain rate, the interface between the M-phase and the parent phase moves under constant stresses which are expressed by stress plateaus following the points and . At the points and , an excessive energy is necessaryto create a nucleus of the induced phase compared with the movement of the interface, and therefore an overshoot and an undershoot appear. The MT is exothermic and the reverse transformation endothermic. In the case of low strain rate, heat generated by SIMT in the interface is radiated and therefore temperature does not increase. On the contrary, in the case of high strain rate, because the interface at the temperature increased by SIMT moves, temperature of the materialincreases during the MT and therefore the MT stress increases. In the case of the reverse transformation, the higher the strain rate, the larger the decrease in temperature, resulting in decrease in the transformation stress. Based on thesereasons, both overshoot and undershoot do not appear in the case of high strain rate. As seen in Fig. 3(b), both overshoot and undershoot do not appear under stress-controlled condition. This is due to the stress-controlled condition that stress increases in the loading process and decreases in the unloading process. In thiscase, the MT and the reverse transformation start respectively under the same stresses as those at the starting points and for low strain rate. Because the amount of variation in stress is small in the transformation region, thedeformation (strain) rate becomes high, resulting in the same deformation behavior as that under high strain rate. 翻译：低应变速率下应变控制条件下,一个看似过头的点和一个欠位点. 在另一方面,在案件的高应变率,无论是过冲和欠不相符合. 在案件综合利用应变率, 接口M-相和母相动作下不断强调所表达的应力高原以下论点. 在点过高的能源是必要建立一个核心的诱导期相比变动的界面, 因此过头了,并欠出现. 贺兰山是放热和逆转变吸热. 在低应变率, 热在界面辐射,所以气温不增加. 在相反的,在如此高的应变率, 因为界面的温度上升动作温度的在金刚山,因此MT在应力增大. 在发生逆向转变,较高的应变速率的增大,温度降低, 造成下降的转型压力. 基于无论是过冲和欠不出庭的情况下,高应变率. 从图. 3款( b ) ,两个超和欠不出现应力控制条件下. 这是由于在应力控制条件下,压力增加,在加载过程中,跌幅在卸载过程. 在thiscase , MT和反向转变开始,分别在同一讲所举行的出发点和供 低应变速率. 因为数额变化强调的是小,在改造区内应变率变得很高, 由此在同一变形行为,在高应变率.