新概念英语2第三课

1.A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. 一位友好的服务员教了我几句意大利语。(1)虽然friendly是以-ly结尾，在拼法上与许多副词一样，但它却是形容词：He always greets me in a friendly way.他总是亲切地和我打招呼。She gave me a friendly greeting.她友好地和我打了一下招呼。He is not very friendly to John.他对约翰不太友善。类似的形容词有： brotherly, fatherly, manly, lovely, motherly 等。(2)a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some, a small number of(一些，少数几个)的意思：The police would like to ask him a few questions.警察要问他一些问题。Mother is coming in a few days.妈妈过几天就要来了。2.Then he lent me a book. 之后还借给我一本书。像send, buy, give等动词一样，lend可以有两个宾语：一个直接宾语(通常指物)，一个间接宾语(通常指人)。(cf. 本课语法)在这句话中，lend的直接宾语为a book，间接宾语为me。Would you lend me your pen?能把你的笔借我用一下吗?Yesterday I lent my dictionary to Mary.昨天我把字典借给了玛丽。3.…but I did not understand a word… 但我一个字也不懂。not…a的否定意义比单用not要强。课文的最后一句加了single，语气更强。4.Every day I thought about postcards. 我每天都想着明信片的事。think about可以指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事：I often think about the lovely holiday we had last year.我经常回想我们去年度过的愉快的假期。What are you thinking about?你在想什么?I'm thinking about my friends.我在想我的朋友们。

taught me a few wordslent me a booksend cards to my friends应该这些这些了！

一、holiday 是可数名词，指的是法定或习俗上能够停止通常的商业活动来纪念或庆祝某一特定事件的单个日子。 1. 度单一的假日常常说 to pass a holiday 2. 如果把假日连在一起，必须用复数表示，如： official holidays 法定假日 bank holidays 银行休业日 Christmas holidays 圣诞节假日 public holidays 公共假期 summer holidays 暑假 以上的假日至少是两个以上的日子连在一起。二、本文指的是故事的主人公通过到意大利旅行享受了他的“一连串休假日”，忙忙碌碌地参观了一些博物馆，而且还学了意大利语，只是一个词也没学会，但是就是磨磨蹭蹭没有给朋友写明信片。直到“他所有的假日都过去”的时候才做出一个伟大的决定，在那里买了37张明信片，但是因为他不认识意大利语，最后连一个字没有写上去。

1. Please send me a card (题目）＝ Please send a card to me2. taught me a few words ... (L.2) ＝ taught a few words to me3. lent me a book (L.3) ＝ lent a book to me4. I did not send cards to my friends (L.5) ＝I did not send my friends cards总结下来，课文中涉及到三个动词的双宾语，即send, teach, lend。

Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card【New words and expressions】（11）send v. 寄，送postcard n. 明信片spoil v. 使索然无味，损坏museum n. 博物馆public adj. 公共的friendly adj. 友好的waiter n. 服务员，招待员lend v. 借给decision n. 决定whole adj. 整个的single adj. 唯一的，单一的★send v. 寄, 送send a letter 寄信send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth. 给某人送（寄）什么东西send/take children to school：take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车take flowers to his wife 自己送send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送★postcard n. 明信片两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音name card /visiting card 名片Here is my name card. (口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作)ID card 身份证 （ID 身份）credit card 信用卡cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种)★spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏① vt. 弄坏，损坏，糟蹋The sad news spoiled our weekend. 这不幸的消息使我们没能过好周末。The rain spoiled the school sports. 这场雨把学校运动会弄得一团糟。This spoiled my day.What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my holiday.② vt. 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱Don’t spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。His parents spoiled the boy.spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神上的★museum n. 博物馆Palace Museum 故宫★public adj. 公共的① adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的There is a public library in this town.I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.② adj. 公开的，众人皆知的Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later. 他们的秘密会晤20年以后才被公开。public house（酒吧）简称pubpublic place 公共场所in public 公开的；in private 私下里的Let’s have a conversation in private. 让我们私下谈谈?Why not have a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)③ n. 公众，群众，大众The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公众对他的解释很满意。The museum is open to the public on Sunday.★friendly adj. 友好的friendly是形容词，单独使用时一般做定语；作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly wayHe is not very friendly to John.She gave me a friendly greeting.He always greets me in a friendly way.以-ly结尾的形容词还有lovely，brotherly，fatherly，manly，motherly★waiter n. 服务员, 招待员waiter(男服务员), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里chief waiter 领班I want to see the chief waiter. 我要见你们的领班。shop assistant 商店里的店员attendant n. （其他公共场所的）服务员★lend v. 借给lend to（借出）：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth.Can you lend me $20 please? I’ll pay/give it back tomorrow.borrow from（借进）：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. （borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.）He borrowed my pen yesterday. He hasn’t given me it yet.★decision n. 决定make /take a decision作出决定It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.Are you made/taken a decision?make a big/great decision (big：重大；great：伟大, 更重大)decide v. 决定★whole adj. 整个的a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶the whole…，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整两星期all th…，all the day (the可省略) 整天all of后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加theall of us；all of the students★single adj. 唯一的, 单一的反义词 : double 双倍的【Text】Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!参考译文：明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁. 去年夏天, 我去了意大利. 我参观了博物馆, 还去了公园. 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语, 之后还借给我一本书. 我读了几行, 但一个字也不懂. 我每天都想着明信片的事. 假期过得真快, 可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片. 到了最后一天, 我作出了一项重大决定. 我早早起了床, 买来了37张明信片. 我在房间里关了整整一天. 然而竟连一张明信片也没写成!【课文讲解】1、Last summer, I went to Italy.last：① adj. 上一个last summer里的last表示 “上一个”② adj. 最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词thethe last day 最后一天 （具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on）2、A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.Italian[i5tAljEn]于Italy[5itEli] : 注意重读音的位置不同teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事He teaches our English.(错)He teaches us English.(对)语言不可数, 所以要用a little Italian或a few words of ItalianI can speak a little English/a few words of English.a few可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some，a small number of（一些，少数几个）的意思。The police would like to ask him a few questions. 警察要问他一些问题。3、Everyday I thought about postcards.think about/of 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事, think of还可指想到What do you think of?What do you think of TV program last night?What do you think of the weather today? 你觉得天气怎么样?think over 仔细考虑，反复思考What’s the weather like today?cold, chilly（非常非常冷）, freezeI'll freeze.我要冻僵了4、I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!spend与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花（时间）”、“度过”spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点我花费/度过了多少时间I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mother's.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)spend还可以表示“花钱”If we spend all the money, we’ll be poor again.I can’t spend any more on this car.【Key structures】 一般过去时一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。Do you ever catch a cold in the winter?Yes, I caught a cold last winter.【Special Difficulties】直接宾语与间接宾语双宾语：直接宾语(表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物)和间接宾语(动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人)。间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在后，间接宾主前必须加“to”（表示动作对什么人做）或“for”（表示动作为什么人而做）。give sb. sth./give sth to sb间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加to(对……而言)或for(为……而做)。可以翻译为“给”、“替”、“为”的，就用for；如果只能翻译为“给”的, 就用to与to相连的give, take, pass, read, sell, buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise，offer，owetake flowers to my wife.与for相连的 buy, order, make, findI buy a book for you .make a cake for youfind sth. for sb.do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me? 帮我一个忙I do something for you.Can I order something for you?Can I buy you a bottle of beer ? 意为我请你喝杯酒的意思【Multiple choice questions】4 ___a___ him a few words of Italian? The waiter.a. Who taught b. Who did teach c. What did he teach d. Whom did he teach人做主语提问——who 对宾语提问——whomwho既可以对主语提问也可以对宾语提问, 而whom只能对宾语提问如果对主语提问, 则句子的语序和陈述句语序一样；如果对非主语来提问, 则句子要使用特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序Who/Whom did the waiter teach a few words of Italian?5 He was a friendly waiter. He spoke to the writer ___d___ .a. friend b. as friends c. like friends d. in a friendly wayHe spoke to the writer like a friend.in...way :以...方式作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好, 用短语in a friendly way7 He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room ___c___ day.a. the hole b. the all c. all d. all ofall (the) day all of 后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词all of us；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加theall of the friends all of my friends all of the students10 On the last day he made a big decision. It was the ___a___ day of his holiday.a. final b. end c. latest d. bottomfinal——形容词 end——名词/动词 latest——形容词 bottom——名词 latest adj. 最新的 latest news；latest style 新款11 He made a big decision. He ___b___ .a. thought about it b. made up his mind c. changed his mind d. made a wishthink about:考虑、思考、想 make up one's mind:下定决心change one's mind:改变主意 make a wish : 许个心愿, 愿望, 许愿

holiday 1、解释为【节日】、【假日】，不加s 2、解释为【假期】，常用复数形式，要加s。（主要是英国B.E用法）