英语单词辨析

1 round 和around的意思相近,但用法不完全相同. 异同如下: around and round 作介词用的around与round通常可以互换，只不过美语常用around，而英语常用round，例如：You can see the post office round/around that corner. (绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局。但是一定要区别它们的不同之处：round可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词；而around只能用作副词或介词。例如：The post office is just round (around) the house (用作介词). He has round face (用作形容词). The river rounded the stones. (用作动词)1.在表示"圆形运转,回到原处", "环绕","周围"时,英语用round,但美国人用around, 例如: The earth revolves round(around)the sun(地球绕太阳运行). They sat round(around)the table.(他们围着桌子而坐) New things are happening all round(around) us(新事物在我们周围不断发生) There is a small restaurant round(around)the corner(绕过街角有一家小餐馆). 2. 美国人以及部分英国人也常用around表示"到处","无目的地","附近","左右"等较为模糊的概念, 例如 The news that President Clinton was coming spread rapidly around the campus(Clinton 总统就要到来的消息很快地就在校园里传开啦) 3.around 还可以表示"不止一处","在许多地方","在不同地方". 但在美国英语里,一般只用around, 例如: The students are standing around(学生们在到处站着) They are rushing around in New York.(他们在New York到处奔波). 2 state, condition, situation都含"情况"的意思。state 系常用词, 指"人或物存在或所处的状态", 但不着重于"这种状态和具体原因或条件的关系", 如:He is in a good state.他身体健康。condition 指"由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况", 如:His condition will not permit him to travel.他的情况不允许他旅游。situation 指"多种具体情况造 成的综合状态", 常着重"这种状态的影响或和处于该状态的事物的关系", 如:We are in difficult situation.我们处于困境。situation 情形, 境遇, 局势, 多强调国际局势（大环境）condition 条件, 环境, 社会地位 ，多强调条件因素state 状态，多强调个人的某种身心状态1.She is in a good （state） of mind.2.He is in no (condition) to travel.3.At that time,the whole country was in a (situation) of war.4.Now we are studying international (situation).5.The (state) of his health prevented him from working.1和5强调个人身心状态 2强调条件 3和4指国际局势She is in a poor ______of health,which worries her mother much.A.position B.situation C.state D.condition答案：C名词position①“位置”；②“状况，环境”＝condition。situation＝condition;state of affairs“状态；事态”。state“人或物在环境、外观、心情、健康等方面的状态；情况；情形”。通过语境可知，此处表示的是她的身体状况很差,所以使用state。He is in no condition [out of condition] to travel. 他的健康状况不宜于旅行。not in good physical or mental condition;身体或者心理状况不好out of condition. 健康状况不佳。Health condition 健康状况the state of (good) health--especially in the phrases "in condition" or "in shape" or "out of condition" or "out of shape".健康时的状态，尤其是在以下短语里“身体很好”、“状态良好”或“身体不适”、“状况不佳”。 3 severe是形容词，用来形容名词。意为“严重的”“严厉的”可以指严重的伤口，严厉的人serious也是形容词。“严重的，严肃的，认真的”表示对某件事情的态度。或者situation很紧张，很有压力。和severe可以通用，但是注意一点，就是serious指情况状态 是看不见的东西。意识上的。而severe可以形容实物，比如伤口，你就能看得见。severe一般多用于表示苛刻的，冷酷的，是对别人的态度。

一、old表示“老的”例如：an old man一个老人二、elder本身也是形容词。 1.elder表示“前辈的”、“年纪较长的”，仅用于同一家庭成员的比较；older则不限于此。My younger son is five and my elder son is nine。我的小儿子5岁，大儿子9岁。 Tom is two years older than I.汤姆比我年长两岁。 2.elder在句中只用作定语，不作表语；older两者皆可。My elder sister does her homework all by herself. 我的姐姐独自做作业。 His elder son got married last week. 他的长子是上星期结婚的。 I think his mother is older. 我认为他的母亲年龄大引起。 3.elder只能用来指人；older既可修饰人，也可修饰物。例如： My elder brother joined the army when he was only fifteen.我哥哥年仅15岁就参了军。 This dog is older than any other dogs here.这条狗在这里是最老的一条。 I have a sister older than myself.我有位比我大的姐姐。 It is said Mr Chen is over ten years older than Mrs Li.据说陈先生比李女士大10多岁。4.elderly是形容词，“较老的”。三、elderly是委婉用语意为上了年纪的，一般不说old man而用elderly man代替，the elderly泛指老人。His mother's elder sister is an elderly woman now.另外：elder只能用来指人；older既可修饰人，也可修饰物。例如： My elder brother joined the army when he was only fifteen.我哥哥年仅15负就参了军。 This dog is older than any other dogs here.这条狗在这里是最老的一条。 I have a sister older than myself.我有位比我大的姐姐。 It is said Mr Chen is over ten years older than Mrs Li.据说陈先生比李女士大10多岁。elderly是形容词，“较老的”。希望采纳，谢谢！祝你学习进步！

carve v.tr.To divide into pieces by cutting; slice: 切成薄片通过切来分成数片；切成片：carve a roast turkey.把烤火鸡切成薄片To divide by parceling out: 分割通过划成部分来分开：carve up an estate.分割地产To cut into a desired shape; fashion by cutting: 雕刻切割成一种想要的形状；通过切刻来塑造：carve the wood into a figure.刻木成像To make or form by or as if by cutting: 创制，开创通过或似通过雕刻来制作或创造：carve initials in the bark; carved out an empire.把名字的首字母刻在树皮上；开创出一个帝国To decorate by cutting and shaping carefully. 雕饰通过仔细雕刻和塑造来装饰carve v.intr.To engrave or cut figures as an art, a hobby, or a trade. 雕塑把雕刻塑像作为一种艺术、爱好或商业行为To disjoint, slice, and serve meat or poultry. 切片把肉或家禽切成片和食用之Middle English kerven中古英语 kervenfromOld English ceorfan源自古英语 ceorfan*See Also : gerbh- In Appendixcarv揺r ncarvevt.切割, 切开; 切成雕刻, 刻造成, 创造(out)carve a block of stone into a statue刻石为像carve out a way through the enemy从敌营中杀出一条血路inscribein.scribed; in.scrib.ing; in.scribes;To write, print, carve, or engrave (words or letters) on or in a surface. 刻，写，雕在表面上写，印，刻或雕上（词或字母）To mark or engrave (a surface) with words or letters. 雕刻，标志在（表面上）标上或雕上词或字母To enter (a name) on a list or in a register.把（名字）登记在名单或名册上To sign one's name or write a brief message in or on (a gift book or photograph, for example). 题写，题字签名或简短留言于（如礼品簿或相片）里面或上面To dedicate to someone. 题赠献给某人 Mathematics 【数学】To draw (one figure) within another figure so that every vertex of the enclosed figure touches the outer figure. 使内切画（一图形）于另一图形内使内侧图形的每一顶点都与外侧图形相接