保税区英文单词

翻译技巧中的切分与合并一、 切分英语中长句较多, 句中修饰语多且长，使句子结构复杂，所以英译汉时，不能照样克隆复制，而是得根据汉语语法的特点，灵活处理。切分就是一种常用的方法，是指把英语中的长句分解成两个或两个以上的句子。它常包括单词分译、短语分译和句子分译等三种情况。（一） 单词分译单词分译是指把原文中的一个单词拆译成一个小句或者句子。采用单词分译主要有两个目的：一是为了句法上的需要。由于一些单词在搭配、词义等方面的特点，直译会使句子生硬晦涩，翻译腔十足，而把某个单词分译却能使句子通顺，且不损伤原意。二是为了修饰上的需要，如加强语气，突出重点等。英语中的名词、动词、形容词和副词等都可分译。例如：（1）We recognize that China's long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth.我们认识到，中国的长期现代化计划以发展经济为重点，这是可以理解的，也是必要的。（2） Then and there he named the startled General lying wounded on his cot the new Commander in Chief of the Airforce…他就在当时当地任命这位躺在榻上治伤的将军为空军总司令，使这位将军吃了一惊。（3） A movie of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle.我离开那个猫儿洞的速度之快，要是拍成电影的话，会象出膛的子弹一样。（4） Yet it is painfully apparent that millions of Americans who would never think of themselves as law-breakers, let alone criminals, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes that are designed to protect and nourish their society.显然，数百万美国人从来没有想过自己会违法，更不用说犯罪了，而就是他们正在越来越肆意歪曲旨在保护和培育这个社会的法律条文，这真令人痛心。（原文中painfully apparent如照字面译成"痛心地明显的"，不合汉语表达习惯，将painfully单译成句，既突出了重点，表明作者对这一现象感到痛心的心情，又使语言自然流畅。）（5） At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.现在，人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题，因为它安全，不招风险。（choose the safety of the middle-ground reply如机械直译成"选择不偏不倚回答问题的安全"，语言晦涩难懂。将safety分译出来则较好地解决了这一问题。）（6） Auntie Julia vainly asked each of her neighbours in turn to tell her what Gabriel had said.朱利亚姨妈接连向坐在旁边的人打听加布里埃尔刚才说了些什么，却没有问出个所以然来。（二） 短语分译短语分译是指把原文中的一个短语分译成一个句子。名词短语、分词短语、介词短语等有时都可以分译成句。例如：（1） These cheerful little trams, dating back to 1873, chug and sway up the towering hills with bells ringing and people hanging from every opening.这些令人欢快的小缆车建于1873年，嘎嚓嘎嚓摇摆爬上高耸的山峦。车上铃儿叮当作响，每个窗口都是人。（介词短语分译）（2） The military is forbidden to kill the vessel, a relatively easy task.军方被禁止击毁这艘潜艇，虽然要击毁它并不怎么费事。（名词短语分译）（3） Invitingly green Angel Island, once a military installation, contains meandering trails and picnic spots ideal for a day's excursion.迷人的天使岛郁郁葱葱，小径蜿蜒，是一日游的理想野餐场所。但在过去它却是一个军事基地。（名词短语分译）（三） 句子分译句子分译可以分为简单句的分译、并列复合句的分译、主从复合句的分译以及其他情况的分译。A. 简单句的分译（1） Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle.黎明时分，大雾弥漫，细雨蒙蒙。（2） But another round of war in the region clearly would put strains on international relations.但是，如果该地区再次发生战争，显然会使国际关系处于紧张状态。B. 并列复合句的分译并列英语复合句常常在分句连接处加以切分，译成两个或两个以上的句子。例如：（1） I sat with his wife in their living room, looking out the glass doors to the backyards, and there was Allen's pool, still covered with black plastic that had been stretched across it for winter.我跟他妻子一起坐在他们家的起居室里，望着玻璃门外的后院。后院里有阿伦的游泳池，上面还盖着过冬时铺上去的黑色塑料蓬。（在连词and处切分）（2） On her once familiar street, as in any unused channel, an unfamiliar queerness had silted up; a cat wove itself in and out of railings, but no human eye watched Mrs Drover's return.走在一度熟悉的大街上，就像在一条没有人走过的道路上一样，她心里充满了从未有过的新奇。一只猫在栏杆那儿绕来绕去，但是没有人留意特罗弗太太回来。（在；处切分）（3） The entire cable-car system recently got an overhaul after more than a century of operations, so you are on firm ground even if the streets seem to be tilting beneath you.在运行了一个世纪之后，最近对整个缆车系统进行了彻底检修。所以即使你觉得街道似乎在下面倾斜，你在缆车上仍很安全。（在连词so处切分）（4） The recruitment of Chinese labor was not universally accepted in racially conscious 19th century America and some white workers were unsettled by their appearance in large numbers.在种族意识十分强的19世纪的美国，招募中国劳工的做法并非普遍为人接受。由于工地上大批出现中国劳工，某些白人工人感到心绪不宁。（在连词and处切分）

国民经济、对外经济贸易 NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE经济指标 economic indicators社会总产值 total product of society国民生产总值 GNP (Gross Domestic Product)国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture国民收入 national income购买力平价法 purchasing power parity财政收入 state revenue社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index百分点 percentage points"八五"划划 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development计划经济 planned economy统购统销 state monopoly over purchase and marketing市场经济 market economy指令性计划 mandatory plan指导性计划 guidance plan市场调节 market regulation建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population第一、二、三产业 primary, secondary and tertiary industries外向型经济 export-oriented economy创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise劳动密集型 labor intensive技术、智力、资本密集型 technology, knowledge or capital intensive高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources生产力 productive forces生产资料 capital goods科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings火炬计划 Torch Plan技术入股 technology appraised as capital stock风险投资 venture investment/capital固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets折旧费 depreciation cost关系民生的产品 products vital to the people's livelihood供大于求 oversupply供不应求 short supply经济过热 overheated economy抑制炒房地产热 stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market宏观调控 macro-economic control经济杠杆 economic levers产业政策 industrial policy财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate提高经济效益 enhance economic performance/returns社会效益 social effect/returns实现持续、稳定、协调的发展 bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development财政赤字(盈余 ) budget deficit(surplus)外贸出口总额 gross foreign export value外商直接投资协议金额 contracted foreign direct investment实际利用外资 foreign investment in actual use三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture允许外商独资经营 allow full foreign equity operation优惠条件 confessional terms; favorable terms减免税收 tax reduction and exemption合作方式 approaches to cooperation出资方式 means of contributing investment合营期限 contract term of a joint venture三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)贸易伙伴 trade partner转口贸易 transit trade外贸顺差 foreign trade surplus积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验 actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside交钥匙工程 turn-key project招标承包制 bidding invitation contract system招标出售技术 bids for technology公开招标 call for bid; tenders招标单 invitation for bid (IFB)标书 bidding document 竟标 competitive bidding投标 bid for a project投标报价书 bid proposals评标 bid proposal evaluation开标 bid opening 中标 win a bid; be awarded a tender拍卖 auction租赁 leasing保税区 bonded area; free trade area实行全方位开放 practice multi-directional opening统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制 responsibility for one's own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system知识产权 intellectual property rights技术转让 technology transfer可行性研究 feasibility study意向书 letter of intent投资环境 investment environment跨国公司 transnational coorporation基础设施 infrastructure20年基本实现现代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.招商 attract investment招商项目 project proposals for investment同国际惯例接轨 follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage加大改革力度 intensify reforms一条龙服务 one package service一支笔审批 one-chop approval我们两市的经济互补性很强。 To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods外引内联 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections保持发展后劲 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development经济实力 economic capabilities龙头 pacemaker; leading role三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平） "three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.瓶颈 bottleneck以工养农 use industrial income to finance agriculture以路养路 use tolls to repay investment in road projects下放审批权 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels统而不死，活而不乱 ensure a flexible control良性循环 positive cycle国民经济的支柱 mainstay of the national economy格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape.理顺企业的产权关系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises政策性亏损 policy-related loss三角债 chain debts上不封顶，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise生意兴隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish质量信得过单位 quality trustworthy organization批量生产 mass production以销定产 limit production to market ability内联企业 inland associated enterprises菜篮子工程 shipping basket project国产化 percentage of home-made parts配套改革 coordinated reforms配套措施 supporting measures配套工程 auxiliary project国内配套资金 domestic funds向基础工业倾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry升级换代 upgrading and updating看好经济增长 think highly of economic growth行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected.行情看涨/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price随行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions片面追求发展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate在过渡时期 in a period of transition 粗放/集约经营 extensive/intensive operation基础地位 leading position门类齐全 covering extensive fields存款/贷款余额 the balance of deposits/loans外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves贸易顺差 trade surplus完善的市场和发达的金融体制 well-established market and sophisticated financial system消灭失业 wipe out unemployment降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序 cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order紧缩银根 tighten the money supply一位数水平 one digit level保持双边贸易的平衡 balance the two-way trade这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。 This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting and constant/continuous economic ties.市场疲软 a market slump库存积压 overstocked products国家指令性计划 state mandatory planning统一定价 unified price setting国家统配物资 materials allocated by state货币发放 the issue of currency规范价格秩序 standardize the price order 简化流通环节，增加随机检查 simplify circulation and add more random checks 市场机制开始发挥调节作用。 The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role. 由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。 Grains are purchased and sold by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance.导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。 An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.