没腰的麦兜
这个还真的没有可能要问任课老师索取下吧我这里手头有点，看看能帮上忙不？动词不定式一 概说 动词不定式是英语中非限定/非谓语动词的一种形式。非限定动词与限定动词不同。限定动词在句子当中用作谓语，受主语的人称、数的影响和限制。例如：1) I put my book down and I looked out of the window.2) Once a police officer was taking a thief to a city from a small town.3) I’ll go and get some water for you.4) You must wait right here.5) Have you ever seen the film?6) The film was directed by Zhang Yimou.7) She goes to school every day.8) They are too far away from us.非限定动词在句中不可以单独作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制，但在句中可以做其他成分。 二、动词不定式的形式和性质 不定式有两种形式：一种是带to的不定式，一种是不带to的不定式（即通常所说的动词原形）。动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加上not --- not (to) do 。 三、动词不定式的功用 动词不定式在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等句子成分。一）可以作主语1) To see is to believe.2) To run in the morning is good for our health.3) It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.4) How long does it take you to get there?It takes us an hour to get there.5) How much did it cost you to send the package?It cost me 20 yuan to send the package.注意：动词不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语，而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之后。如： It's not easy for them to learn a foreign language =To learn a foreign language is not easy. 学好一门外语不容易。在此句型中，如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个for 引起的短语，作不定式的逻辑主语。如：1）It's difficult for us to finish the work. 2）It's easy for me to answer your question. 3) It’s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully in class.但是，如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite, rude, good, bad 等描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加一个of 引起的短语。如：这个例子属于上面的换一个of引起的。1) It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我，真好。2) It’s very rude of her to say such words.注意: 1. of sb.和for sb.这两种结构还有一个区别，在of sb.结构中，可用sb.直接作句子的主语来改写成“It's＋形容词＋of sb.＋动词不定式”结构。试比较：It's foolish of him to go alone. (=He was foolish to go alone.) 他单独出去太傻了。It's kind of you to give me the book. (=You are kind to give me the book.) 你给我这本书，真是太好了。for sb.结构则不能这样转换。例如，不可以说：We are difficult to finish the work. 疑问代(副)词+动词不定式”也可以在句中作主语。如：1) How to control the water pollution is a big problem. 如何控制水污染是一个大问题。2) When to start the project remains undecided. 什么时候开始这项工程仍然没有决定。3) How to do it/what to do is a big problem for us.二）. 作宾语动词不定式作宾语.即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后,是谓语动词涉及的直接对象. 能直接带不定式作宾语的及物动词主要有: want, like, love, need , try, ask, learn, begin, start, forget, remember, hope, wish, agree, choose, fail, refuse, decide, afford, offer, continuemake sure, take turns, preferwould like, plan, hate, pretend, happen, expect 等.1) Danny wants to write a limerick for Li Ming.2) I liked to play basketball.3) He refused to answer my questions.4) I decided to write about nature.注意：上列所给出动词有些既可以跟to do作宾语，也可以跟doing作宾语，而且意义基本一致。如：like to do/doing, love to do/doing, hate to do/doing, start to do/doing, begin to do/doing, prefer to do/doing, continue to do/doing I like/prefer swimming in summer but this summer I like/prefer to stay at home. 但是在英语中，还有一些动词也是既可以跟to do，也可以跟doing，但是意义变化非常大。例如：stop to do/doing，forget to do/doing， remember to do/doing，go on to do/doing ，try to do/doing**另外，有时不定式宾语后面还带有补足语等其他成分时，常用it作形式宾语，把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后。例如，在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。1) I found it easy to learn English.I found (that) it was easy to learn English.Did you find _____ easy to learn English? it , it is, it was2) I feel it natural to speak to a foreigner in English.I feel (that) it is natural to speak to foreigner in English三）. 作宾语补足语 宾语补足语放在宾语的后面，补充说明宾语在干什么能用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: ask sb (not) to do, tell, get, order , advise, would like, want, teach, allow, encourage, warn, wish.1) I tell him not to go there by bus ． 2) Edison's mother taught him to read and write．3) The old man asked us to visit his house last Sunday.3) Our teachers always encourage us to work hard.还有一类动词也可以跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，但是省略了动词不定式符号 to. 例如：let sb (not) do, make, help，have，see，hear，feel，watch， notice1) The boss makes them work 16 hours a day． 2) I heard her sing in the next room yesterday． 提示：若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。如： 1) They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss． 2) She was heard to sing in the next room． 四） 作定语 放在被修饰的名词、代词后面 1) I have a lot of work to do．2) The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy． 3) Poetry is a beautiful way to express feelings and thoughts.4) We need a park to play soccer.5) There is nothing to be worried about.6) He was the first person to think of the idea.7) She was the first woman in the Olympics to win both medals.提示：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。如： 1）I have a small bedroom to live in. 2) Have you got some pens to write with？ 3) I need a friend to talk to.4) She is a nice person to work with/get on well with.五）. 动词不定式作状语: 即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后,仅对谓语动词起一个补充说明的作用.如果没有它,句子仍然意思完整,它不像作宾语那样,与谓语动词有着密切的关系.1）表示目的1）The doctor came to operate on her. 2) He has gone to town to do some shopping. 6) To learn English, Ms. Liu went to London. 4) He stopped to have a look.5) He rushed into the room to save the girl. 7) They moved away the stone to let the traffic go. *2表示结果: 1) The girl cried only to make her mother angry.3) They arrived late only to find the train had left.3表示程度: 1) She is too tired to walk any farther. 2) She is strong enough to carry the heavy box. 4表示原因: I was surprised to read the news. 提示：能带不定式作状语的形容词有: glad , happy , pleased , angry , clever , careful , surprised , lucky ,ready ,sorry, amazed , afraid ,sad , unhappy , sure , free ,kind, nice , worried , easy , hard 1）Glad to meet you. 2) He is sure to come.5) We are getting ready to have a long trip next Friday. 4) We are afraid to leave alone at night.6) The girl is not easy to get along with.7) Be careful not to catch a cold.六 作表语: My job is to teach English. His wish is to become a scientist.They are to fly to Wuhan this Sunday. 七. 动词不定式和疑问词连用.动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which , how , when , where ,who等连用,构成不定式短语,在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分.这时往往可以扩写成一个从句1) How to use the computer is a question.= How we use the computer is a question.2) I don’t know where to go for my holiday =I don’t know where I can go for my holiday.3) He can’t decide which book to choose.= He can’t decide which book he can choose. 4) I don’t know what I should do next=I don’t know what to do next.8) Tell me how to do it= Tell me how I should do it.八. 用在某些特定的结构中1) She was too young to understand that2) We had enough food to last a week.3) Let’s walk faster so as to catch the bus4) We went by car in order to save time练习：Tell the function of the infinitive in the following sentences(说出不定 式下列各句中的作用)1 .To learn grammar is not an easy thing.2.Uncle Tom decided to give Mary a bicycle3 .He wants everybody to be happy.4 .I like to walk along the sea-shore.I like you to work hard.5 .Let’s join them in the game•6.Nancy felt her heart beat with excitement.7 .I hope to see them again.8 .Your job is to dry the dishes.9. Mother went to town to do some shopping10 .I’11 teach you how to do the job.12 . She was glad to see us back.13 .The best thing is to say nothing.14 .We have come to help you.15 .Give me something to read.16 .It gave me great pleasure to see their happy faces.II .underline the object of the verbs in the following sentences(找出下列各句中的宾语)1 .They considered it better not to go.2 .She felt it her duty to take care of the children3 .I thought it unnecessary to argue with him.4 .He made it a rule only to speak English in class5 .He thinks it important to help his friends.6 .I find it hard to get on with her.
未暖rabbit
情态动词用法归纳情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语一、 can, could1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）Can you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2) 表示请求和允许。-----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。---- Could I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Can this be true?This can’t be done by him.How can this be true?二、 may, might 1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。----Might/ May I smoke in this room? ---- No, you mustn’t.---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )用May I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？在口语中更常见。2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。1．He may /might be very busy now.2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.三、 must, have to1) 表示必须、必要。You must come in time.在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?---- Yes, you must.---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。1． he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.2． I had to work when I was your age.3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）1． You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best. 2． Your mother must be waiting for you now.四、 dare, need1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。1． How dare you say I’m unfair?2． He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?3． If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。1．You needn’t come so early.2. ---- Need I finish the work today? ---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。1. I dare to swim across this river.2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.3. He needs to finish his homework today.五、 shall, should1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。What shall we do this evening?2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)3. He shall be punished.(威胁)六、 will, would1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。1. I will never do that again.2. They asked him if he would go abroad. 3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.2. The wound would not heal.4) 表示估计和猜想。 It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.七、 should, ought to1) should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。1. I should help her because she is in trouble.2. You ought to take care of the baby.2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。1. You should / ought to go to class right away.2. Should I open the window?3) 表示推测should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。1.He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽)4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)
二三子钩
课件是根据教学大纲的要求，经过教学目标确定，教学内容和任务分析，教学活动结构及界面设计等环节，而加以制作的课程软件。我整理的英语六年级上册第五单元课件，供参考！
一、 教学内容
B Look read and learn /C Ask and answer / F Do a survey
二、 教学目标
1、能听懂、会说、会读、会拼写单词、词组 last 、did、 taste、 pull up、milk 、cook、及其中动词的过去式。
2、能听懂、会说、会读单词volleyball、farm、cow、carrot、pick
3、正确理解一般过去时的意义，掌握一般过去时的结构，能正确读出规则动词过去式的读音。
4、掌握句型What ( else) did you do ….?和日常交际用语Did you ……?
三、 教学重点
1、能听懂、会说、会读、会拼写单词、词组 last 、did、 taste、 pull up、milk 、cook、及其中动词的过去式。
2、正确理解一般过去时的意义，掌握一般过去时的结构，能正确读出规则动词过去式的读音。
3、掌握句型What ( else) did you do ….?和日常交际用语Did you ……?
四、 教学难点
1、规则动词过去式的读音。
2、正确地理解过去时，并学会用过去时描述过去发生的事。
五、 教学准备
1、教具准备
1）B部分农场活动的图片及词组。
2）桔子和胡萝卜的实物。
3) 本课时的多媒体课件。
4) 调查表和学生的大头贴
5）板书：写好课题、日期和句型 What do you usually do on Sundays?
What else do you do?
六、教学过程
Step 1 Free talk and revision
1 What date is/was it today/ yesterday/ last Sunday?
2 What do you usually do on Sundays? 事先板书好
What else do you do?
3 Let’s play a game, OK? Listen and act.
Touch your nose. (your mouth, ears, eyes, head)
OK, stop here. You did very well just now.
Step 2 Presentation and practice
1出示单词卡：did (do 的过去式) 快速领读
2 Do you like to drink milk and eat eggs ? 生答（略）
Me, too. And I like to collect eggs and milk cows.
学习词组：collect eggs 、milk cows
3 （出示桔子）Look, what ‘s this? It’s an orange.
4 （出示胡萝卜）And this is a carrot.（跟读）
Please taste them. （出示图片） taste.
Is it nice? 生答（略）
I like to eat carrots and oranges, and I like to pick oranges and pull up carrots.
（出示图片 pull up carrots, pick oranges, taste oranges and carrots ，cook nice food, water flowers）
5 Look and read(看看说说).
Listen, repeat and act（听听、边说边做动作）.
6 Where can we do these things? In the city or on the farm? 生答 On the farm. (指课题，领读生词farm)
Step 3 Ask and answer
1Last Sunday my friends and I visited a farm.（课件呈现B部分图）What did we do on the farm? Let me tell you.
We milked cows， picked oranges, cooked nice food ,pulled up carrots , watered trees and flowers ,collected eggs and tasted oranges.
2 领读动词的过去式，要求发音准确
milked picked cooked
pulled up watered
collected tasted
3 Now you are these boys and girls , what did you do last Sunday? Can you tell me?
换板书What did you do last Sunday? What else did you do?
在学生讲的过程中，发现问题及时纠正
4 Why do we use “ed” here? Let’s watch “knowledge window”.
在英语表达中，过去的“做”和现在的“做”以及平时的“做”都是不一样的。例如：
I watch TV every Sunday. 我每个星期天看电视（一般现在时/动词原形）
I am watching TV now. 我正在看电视。（现在时进行时/动词的进行式）
I watched TV yesterday. 我昨晚看电视的。（一般过去时/动词的过去式）
一般过去时是指过去曾经发生的动作或处于的状态，它可能只限于一次，也可能是过去经常发生的。一般来说，动词的过去式就是在动词的词尾加上-ed. 同学们，你们知道了吗？
5（课件显示C部分图）
Today is Thursday. Mike is telling Gao Shan about what he did last week. Look at Part C. Suppose you’re Gao Shan and Mike. Practice in pairs. （板书句型）
Step 4 Consolidation
1 Boys and girls, I want to do a survey. Can you help me? 生答略
What did you do last week/yesterday/ this morning …?
What else did you do?” 老师先做一次示范，接着四人一组完成调查任务。（调查表略）
2 Do you know farm is a good place for people to spend their holidays now. Would you like to go to a farm with me? Let’s visit “Ali Baba’s Farm” , OK? Try to follow. (学生边看边听边拍手)
七、 作业设计
1 Read Part B and C
2 Copy the new words and phrases
3 Write part C
八、板书设计
Unit 5 On the farm ( B, C, F)
Nov.6th Wednesday
What did you do on Sunday? I /We……
What else did you do? I /We……
九、教后记
一、教学内容
A Listen, read and say
二、教学目标
1、能正确地听、说、读、写单词holiday, last, early, meet , before.
2、能正确地听、说、读单词及词组 National Day, film, wonderful
3、听得懂、会说、会读日常交际用语 Did you like the film?
It was a funny carton. We all like it very much.
Were there any fruit trees on the farm?
There were apple trees, orange trees and pear trees.
三、教学重点
1、能正确地听、说、读、写单词holiday, last, early, meet , before.
2、进一步理解一般过去时的意义，掌握一般过去时的用法。
3、通过情景对话，着重训练听说技能，进一步提高会话能力。
四、教学难点
1、进一步理解一般过去时的意义，掌握一般过去时的用法。
2、听得懂、会说、会读日常交际用语 Did you like the film?
It was a funny carton. We all like it very much.
Were there any fruit trees on the farm?
There were apple trees, orange trees and pear trees.
五、教学准备
1、教具准备
1）“金太阳”课文配套课件
2）日历牌一个
3）录音机和磁带
2、板书准备：写好课题和日期。
3、课前到班上收本子。
六、教学过程
Step 1 Free talk and revision
1 （出示日历牌）What’s the date today? What day is it today?
What was the date yesterday? What day was it yesterday?
2 Review the new words and expressions we learned last lesson.
3 Practice Part C
Step 2 Presentation and practice
1 What do you like?
Do you like watching films?
Did you watch a film “ Kenan” last week? Yes, I did.
Me ,too. It was a funny cartoon, right?
Did you like the film? ( 学习单词film)
Me, too. We all liked it very much.
2 What do you usually do after class?
What did I do before class? You collected books.
（如学生说不出来，教师可告诉学生）
Before class, I went to our classroom early. I collected books, cleaned the blackboard, and wrote something on the blackboard.
（学习单词 before early）
3 (出示课件国庆节画面）
Is it National Day or Children’s Day? It’s National Day.
How many days are there in National Day holiday? There are 7.
（学习单词National Day, holiday）
What did you do last National Day holiday?
（指导学生用 I went to ……来回答）
Were there any …..? 引导学生回答Yes, there were. There were …..
Wonderful! I want to go to …….,too.
Step 3 Consolidation
1 听对话全文，学习课文
2 学生跟读模仿对话两遍
3 学生分组分角色朗读对话，教师巡视并给予个别辅导。
4 学生分组完成本课判断题，教师给予反馈及恰当评价。
七、作业设计
1 听录音，用正确的语音语调朗读本课的对话。
2 抄写要求四会的单词和句子。
3 以本课为原形，整理编写一段对话，谈谈过去时间里发生的事情，准备交流。
八、板书设计
Unit 5 On the farm （ A ）
Nov.7th Thursday
Did you like the film?
It was a funny carton.
We all like it very much.
Were there any fruit trees on the farm?
There were apple trees, orange trees and pear trees.
九、教后记
一、教学内容
D Listen and write & E Read and judge
二、教学目标
1通过本节课的学习，使学生熟练掌握课文的词汇与对话，正确运用一般过去时。
2 通过D部分的教学，着重训练学生听录音，提取、分析有用的信息，并用填空的方法重构这些信息的技能。
3 通过E部分的教学，训练学生的阅读理解能力和判断能力，指导学生逐步养成正确的阅读方法。
三、教学重点
1 熟练掌握课文的词汇。
2 综合运用本单元的句型和日常交际用语。
3 训练学生的听力和阅读能力
四、教学难点
能较熟练运用本单元所学的词汇、句型和交际用语谈论过去发生的事情
五、教学准备
1 教具准备
1）D部分的听力材料磁带和收录机
2）实物投影仪
2、板书准备：写好课题和日期。
六、教学过程
Step 1 Free talk/ Revision
1 What date is it today? What date was it yesterday?
2 What day is it today? What day was it yesterday?
3 What did you do yesterday? Did you ……?
4 What do you usually do on National Day holidays?
What did you do last National Day holiday?
5 Where are you now?
Where were you just now before class/last week?
Step 2 practice
1 复习本课的词组和四会单词。
2 复习C部分的句型，让学生两两会话。
3 请学生分角色朗读会话。并请几组学生表演。
Step 3 Listen and write
1引导学生观察D部分图片，试着用自己的语言描述该图。
2第一遍听录音，听一句学生重复一句。
3第二遍听整篇录音，然后完成短文并熟练朗读句子。
4结合图片和所听录音的内容，请学生以Wang Bing 的口气转述假日的活动。
Step 4 Read and judge
1让学生通过自己朗读对话来了解本段对话发生的背景和时间，并教授单词camp, mountain.
2 What did the children do at the camp? 让学生带着问题继续朗读，理解对话内容。
3 完成判断题
七、作业设计
1用正确的语音语调背诵本课的对话。
2继续以本单元课文为原形，整理编写一段对话，谈谈过去时间里发生的事情，准备交流。
3 默写本单元单词、词组和句型。
八、板书设计
Unit 5 On the farm （ D/E ）
Nov.8th Friday
Where are you now?
Where were you last week?
I was at a camp. We walk in the mountains.
九、教后记
一、教学内容
G Listen and repeat/ H Say a rhyme
二、教学目标
1能运用所学的句型和日常交际用语进行简单的日常交流，并做到大胆开口，积极参与。
2能听读、辨认字母组合igh在单词中的读音。
3 通过诵读童谣last week，进一步激发学生兴趣，活跃身心，巩固所学内容，培养听说和思维能力。
三、教学重点
能较熟练运用本单元所学的词汇、句型和交际用语谈论过去发生的事情。
四、教学难点
能运用所学的句型和日常交际用语进行简单的日常交流，并做到大胆开口，积极参与。
五、教学准备
1 教具准备
1）G部分的磁带和收录机。
2）实物投影仪
2、板书准备：写好课题和日期。
六、教学过程
Step 1 Free talk/ Revision
1 What date is it today? What date was it yesterday?
2 What day is it today? What day was it yesterday?
3 What did you do yesterday? Did you ……?
4 What do you usually do on National Day holidays?
What did you do last National Day holiday?
5 Where are you now?
Where were you just now before class/last week?
Step 2 practice
1 默写本课的四会单词、词组和句子。
2 复习c部分的句型，让学生两两会话。
3 请学生分角色表演A部分对话或自己创编的对话。
Step 3 Listen and repeat
1 听录音跟读，边听边体会，让学生找出这些单词的共同音素，给出对应的音标[ ai]
2 让学生再讨论我们还学过哪些字母组合igh并且发[ ai] 的单词：
如night fight sight might tight 等等。
3 引导学生流利地读出句子。
Step 4 Say a rhyme
1 听录音两遍。
2 跟录音按节奏读歌谣，可以边朗读边做动作，让学生在读的过程中体会童谣的韵律美。
七、作业设计
1 完成练习册或补充习题。
2 根据本课童谣格式自己编童谣。
八、板书设计
Unit 5 On the farm （ G/H ）
Nov.11th Monday
bright light right tonight [ ai]
混世金粉
人教版高一英语情态动词用法讲解：I.情态动词+have done的用法 “情态动词＋have done”是历年高考的热点，但有些同学对这一结构不甚了解。为了便于同学们学习，现将这种结构的两种主要用法借表归纳如下。 一、表示对过去情况的推测或估计 所用的句式 意义 must have done 肯定句 一定（已经）这里很完整的，课件下载：）~http://www.jc5000.com/res/2006-2-17/r72592.htmlcan, could 1. 表达"能力".2. 表示"许可".3. 有礼帽地提出"请求".(用于疑问句)4. 谈论"可能性".5. 当主语为事物时可以表示"惊异".We can use the computer now, but we couldn't two month ago.You can go now.Could you be here at eight o'clock tomorrow morning He can't be the manager, for I saw him go to Canada yesterday.What on earth can this mean 在表达"能力"时,可用 be able to 来取代 can.要注意的是:可在 be able to 前加肋动词或情态动词以表达更多的时态或情态,can 或 could 前则不可.No one is able to do it. ( = No one can do it.)We shall be able to finish the work next week.I haven't been able to find any jobs.may might1. 表示"允许"2. 请求"许可"(用于疑问句)3. 谈论"可能性"You may go home now.He said that I might drink some beer.May I watch TV this evening --- May I use you pen --- Yes, you may.He may/might come tomorrow.must 1. 表达"义务","责任" . 2. 进行"肯定的推断".3. 其否定式 mustn't 表示"(说话人)禁止……,不准……";用来代替 may not 表示"不许可".Everybody must obey the rules.I must go now.This work must be finished as soon as possible.The Chinese language must have the largest number of speakers.You mustn't lend the book to others.在表示"客观需要"时,用 have to 而不用 must.另外可在 have to 前加肋动词或情态动词以构成更多的形式.must 前则不可.You don't have to worry about that.He had to spend his childhood in hard work, helping his father on their small farm.The students of today will have to how to use the computers.shall should1. 表示"必要性".2. 征求"意见"或"看法",请求指示.3. 主语为二,三人称时,表达说话人强烈的意志和决心,有威胁或震慑听话人的作用.We should be strict in all our work.Where shall I wait for you Shall we start the meeting now Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.You shall do as I say.Young people should learn how to use computers.在表示"必要性"时,可用 ought ot 来代替 shall,语气更正式一些.will would1. 表示"必然性".2. 表达"意愿"或"意志".3. 询问对方的意愿或提出请求.(用于疑问句)Fish will die out of water.Everyday she would get up at 6:00 and light the fire.I will tell you all about it.We'll help him if he asks us to.I won't go home now.I promised that I would do my best.Would you like another cup of tea Will you go with me Will you please .
