华尔街的英文简介

一条街，有很多金融机构

华尔街从表面上看只是美国纽约市曼哈顿区南部的一条街道名称，但因为这条长不过一英里，宽仅11米的街道里汇聚了美国多数的大垄断组织和金融机构，美国摩根财阀、洛克菲勒石油大王和杜邦财团等开设的银行所以成为了美国垄断资本、金融和投资巨头的中心。扩展资料：华尔街（Wall Street），纽约市曼哈顿区南部从百老汇路延伸到东河的一条大街道。全长仅三分之一英里，宽仅为11米。街道狭窄而短，从百老汇到东河仅有7个街段，却以“美国的金融中心”闻名于世。美国罗斯柴尔德财团、摩根财团、洛克菲勒石油大王、高盛集团和杜邦财团等开设的银行、保险、航运、铁路等公司的经理处集中于此。著名的纽约证券交易所也在这里，至今仍是几个主要交易所的总部：如纳斯达克、美国证券交易所、纽约期货交易所等。“华尔街”一词现已超越这条街道本身，成为附近区域的代称，亦可指对整个世界经济具有影响力的金融市场和金融机构。相较于商业街，华尔街通常指商业影响力大于中小型企业和中产阶级的公司企业，有时特别用来代表分析师、持股人、和诸如投资银行等金融机构。一般人对商业街的印象通常不外乎地区性的企业和银行，另一方面华尔街则普遍作为私有、重视自身利益的“美国企业”的代名词。华尔街比任何事物都更能代表金融和经济力量。对美国人而言，有时华尔街等同精英主义、强权政治和割喉形态的资本主义，但同时华尔街也唤起美国人对市场经济的骄傲。在美国人的心目中，华尔街是一个依靠贸易、资本主义和创新，而非殖民主义和掠夺成长的国家和经济系统的象征。垄断 (Monopoly) （通常译独占），经济学术语，是一种市场结构，指一个行业里有且只有一家公司（或卖方）交易产品或者服务。一般分为卖方垄断和买方垄断。卖方垄断指唯一的卖者在一个或多个市场，通过一个或多个阶段，面对竞争性的消费者；买者垄断 (Monopsony) 则恰恰相反。

华尔街是纽约市曼哈顿区南部从百老汇路延伸到东河的一条大街道的名字，全长仅三分之一英里，宽仅11米，是英文“墙街”的音译。街道狭窄而短，从百老汇到东河仅有7个街段，却以“美国的金融中心”闻名于世。美国摩根财阀、洛克菲勒石油大王和杜邦财团等开设的银行、保险、航运、铁路等公司的经理处集中于此。著名的纽约证券交易所也在这里，至今仍是几个主要交易所的总部:如纳斯达克、美国证券交易所、纽约期货交易所等。“华尔街”一词现已超越这条街道本身，成为附近区域的代称，亦可指对整个美国经济具有影响力的金融市场和金融机构。

图片还不好找？百度就行啊？华尔街牛图片 华尔街介绍：Wall Street is a street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States. It runs east from Broadway to South Street on the East River, through the historical center of the Financial District. It is the first permanent home of the New York Stock Exchange; over time Wall Street became the name of the surrounding geographic neighborhood.[1] Wall Street is also shorthand (or a metonym) for the "influential financial interests" of the American financial industry, which is centered in the New York City area.[2]Several major U.S. stock and other exchanges remain headquartered on Wall Street and in the Financial District, including the NYSE, NASDAQ, AMEX, NYMEX, and NYBOT.History View of Wall Street from corner of Broad Street, 1867: The building on the left was the U.S. Customs House. Today it's the home of the Federal Hall National Memorial.[show]New Netherland series Exploration Fortifications: Fort Amsterdam Fort Nassau (North) Fort OrangeFort Nassau (South) Fort Goede Hoop De Wal Fort Casimir Fort Altena Fort Wilhelmus Fort Beversreede Fort Nya Korsholm De Rondout Settlements: Noten Eylandt New Amsterdam Rensselaerswyck New Haarlem Noortwyck Beverwyck Wiltwyck Bergen Pavonia Vriessendael Achter Col Vlissingen Oude Dorpe Colen Donck Greenwich Heemstede Rustdorp Gravesende Breuckelen New Amersfoort Midwout New Utrecht Boswyck Swaanendael New Amstel Nieuw Dorp The Patroon SystemCharter of Freedoms and Exemptions Directors of New Netherland:Cornelius Jacobsen Mey (1620-25)Willem Verhulst (1625-26)Peter Minuit (1626-32)Sebastiaen Jansen Krol(1632-33)Wouter van Twiller (1633-38)Willem Kieft (1638-47)Peter Stuyvesant (1647-64) People of New NetherlandNew NetherlanderTwelve MenEight MenNine MenFlushing RemonstranceThe name of the street derives from the fact that during the 17th century, Wall Street formed the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement. In the 1640s basic picket and plank fences denoted plots and residences in the colony.[3] Later, on behalf of the Dutch West India Company, Peter Stuyvesant, in part using African slaves,[4] led the Dutch in the construction of a stronger stockade. A strengthened 12-foot (4 m) wall[5] of timber and earth, fortified by palisades, was created by 1653 .[3][5]The wall was created, and strengthened over time, as a defense against attack from various Native American tribes. In 1685 surveyors laid out Wall Street along the lines of the original stockade.[5] The wall was dismantled by the British colonial government in 1699. In the late 18th century, there was a buttonwood tree at the foot of Wall Street under which traders and speculators would gather to trade informally. In 1792, the traders formalized their association with the Buttonwood Agreement. This was the origin of the New York Stock Exchange.[6]In 1789, Federal Hall and Wall Street was the scene of the United States' first presidential inauguration. George Washington took the oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall overlooking Wall Street on April 30, 1789. This was also the location of the passing of the Bill Of Rights.In 1889, the original stock report, Customers' Afternoon Letter, became the The Wall Street Journal, named in reference to the actual street, it is now an influential international daily business newspaper published in New York City.[7] For many years, it had the widest circulation of any newspaper in the United States, although it is currently second to USA Today.[8] It has been owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. since 2007.[edit] Decline and revitalization This section does not cite any references or sources.Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2009) The Manhattan Financial District is one of the largest business districts in the United States, and second in New York City only to Midtown. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the corporate culture of New York was a primary center for the construction of skyscrapers (rivaled only by Chicago). The Financial District, even today, actually makes up a distinct skyline of its own, separate from but not soaring to quite the same heights as its midtown counterpart a few miles to the north.September 16, 1920: a bomb exploded in front of the headquarters of J.P. Morgan Inc. at 23 Wall Street, killing 38 and injuring 300 people. Federal Hall (26 Wall Street), with its statue of George Washington, is shown on the right.Built in 1914, 23 Wall Street was known as the "House of Morgan" and for decades the bank's headquarters was the most important address in American finance. At noon, on September 16, 1920, a bomb exploded in front of the bank, killing 38 and injuring 300. Shortly before the bomb went off a warning note was placed in a mailbox at the corner of Cedar Street and Broadway. While theories abound about who was behind the Wall Street bombing and why they did it, after twenty years investigating the matter, the FBI rendered the file inactive in 1940 without ever finding the perpetrators. The explosion did, however, help fuel the Red Scare that was underway at the time.A crowd gathers at the intersection of Wall and Broad streets after the 1929 crash. The New York Stock Exchange (18 Broad Street) is on the right. The majority of people are congregating in Wall Street on the left between the "House of Morgan" (23 Wall Street) and Federal Hall (26 Wall Street).The stock market crash of 1929 ushered in the Great Depression. During this era, development of the financial district stagnated. Construction of the World Trade Center was one of the few major projects undertaken during the last three quarters of the 20th century and, financially, it was not originally as successful as planned. Some point to the fact that it was actually a government-funded project, constructed by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey with the intention of spurring economic development downtown. All the tools necessary for international trade were to be housed in the complex. However, at the beginning, much of the space remained vacant.Nonetheless, some large and powerful firms did purchase space in the World Trade Center. Further, it attracted other powerful businesses to the immediate neighborhood. In some ways, it could be argued that the World Trade Center changed the nexus of the Financial District from Wall Street to the Trade Center complex. When the World Trade Center was destroyed in the September 11, 2001 attacks, it left somewhat of an architectural void as new developments since the 1970s had played off the complex aesthetically. The attacks, however, contributed to the loss of business on Wall Street, due to temporary-to-permanent relocation to New Jersey and further decentralization with establishments transferred to cities like Chicago, Denver, and Boston.Wall Street itself and the Financial District as a whole are crowded with highrises by any measure. Further, the loss of the World Trade Center has actually spurred development in the Financial District on a scale that hadn't been seen in decades. This is in part due to tax incentives provided by the federal, state and local governments to encourage development.A new World Trade Center complex, centered on Daniel Liebeskind's Memory Foundations plan, is in the early stages of development and one building has already been replaced. The centerpiece to this plan is the 1,776-foot (541 m) tall 1 World Trade Center (formally known as the Freedom Tower). New residential buildings are already sprouting up, and buildings that were previously office space are being converted to residential units, also benefiting from the tax incentives. Better access to the Financial District is planned in the form of a new commuter rail station and a new downtown transportation center centered on Fulton Street. If you look at the building on the left, you will see that it is most likely modeled after the Greek Parthenon.[9][edit] Buildings Federal Hall, Wall Street.Wall Street's architecture is generally rooted in the Gilded Age, though there are also some art deco influences in the neighborhood. Landmark buildings on Wall Street include Federal Hall, 14 Wall Street (Bankers Trust Company Building), 40 Wall Street (The Trump Building), and the New York Stock Exchange at the corner of Broad Street.[edit] Personalities This section does not cite any references or sources.Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2009) Over the years, certain elite persons associated with Wall Street have become famous. Although their reputations are usually limited to members of the stock brokerage and banking communities, several have gained national and international fame. Some earned their fame for their investment strategies, financing, reporting, legal or regulatory skills, while others are remembered for their greed. One of the most iconic representations of the market prosperity is the Charging Bull sculpture, by Arturo Di Modica. Representing the bull market economy, the sculpture was originally placed in front of the New York Stock Exchange, and subsequently moved to its current location in Bowling Green.Wall Street's culture is often criticized as being rigid. This is a decades-old stereotype stemming from the Wall Street establishment's protection of its interests, and the link to the WASP establishment. More recent criticism has centered on structural problems and lack of a desire to change well-established habits. Wall Street's establishment resists government oversight and regulation. At the same time, New York City has a reputation as a very bureaucratic city, which makes entry into the neighborhood difficult or even impossible for middle class entrepreneurs.The ethnic background of Wall Streeters remains largely unchanged since the days of the railway barons of the early 1900s, as documented by their portraits in the Wall+Broad chapter of The Corners Project [10][edit] Cultural influence[edit] Wall Street vs. Main Street This section does not cite any references or sources.Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2009) Not just a metonym, Wall Street has a sign posted.As a figure of speech contrasted to "Main Street," the term "Wall Street" can refer to big business interests against those of small business and the working of middle class. It is sometimes used more specifically to refer to research analysts, shareholders, and financial institutions such as investment banks. Whereas "Main Street" conjures up images of locally owned businesses and banks. While the phrase "Wall Street" is commonly used interchangeably with the phrase "Corporate America," it is also sometimes used in contrast to distinguish between the interests, culture, and lifestyles of investment banks and those of Fortune 500 industrial or service corporations.[edit] Perceptions Trinity church from Wall Street.The older skyscrapers often were built with elaborate facades; such elaborate aesthetics haven't been common in corporate architecture for decades. The World Trade Center, built in the 1970s, was very plain and utilitarian in comparison (the Twin Towers were often criticized as looking like two big boxes, despite their impressive height).[citation needed]Wall Street, more than anything, represents financial and economic power. To Americans, Wall Street can sometimes represent elitism and power politics. Wall Street became the symbol of a country and economic system that many Americans see as having developed through trade, capitalism, and innovation.[11] However, due to the financial crisis of 2008 and the subsequent federal bailouts, Americans are enraged at Wall Street.[edit] In popular cultureHerman Melville's classic short story Bartleby, the Scrivener is subtitled A Story of Wall Street and provides an excellent portrayal of a kind and wealthy lawyer's struggle to reason with that which is unreasonable as he is pushed beyond his comfort zone to "feel" something real for humanity. In William Faulkner's novel The Sound and the Fury, Jason Compson hits on other perceptions of Wall Street: after finding some of his stocks are doing poorly, he blames "the jews." The film Die Hard with a Vengeance involves thieves breaking into the federal reserve and stealing most of its gold bullion by driving dump trucks through a nearby Wall Street subway station. Many events of Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities center on Wall Street and its culture. On January 26, 2000, the band Rage Against The Machine filmed the music video for "Sleep Now in the Fire" on Wall Street, which was directed by Michael Moore. The band at one point stormed the Stock Exchange, causing the doors of the Exchange to be closed early (2:52 P.M.). Trading on the Exchange floor, however, continued华尔街牛介绍：Charging Bull (sometimes called the Wall Street Bull or the Bowling Green Bull) is a 3,200 kg (7,000 pound) bronze sculpture by Arturo Di Modica that stands in Bowling Green park near Wall Street in New York City.Standing 11 feet tall[1] (and measuring 16 feet in length[2]), the oversize sculpture depicts a bull, the symbol of aggressive financial optimism and prosperity, leaning back on its haunches and with its head lowered as if ready to charge. As author Dianne Durante described the sculpture: "The Bull's head is lowered, its nostrils flare, and its wickedly long, sharp horns are ready to gore; it's an angry, dangerous beast. The muscular body twists to one side, and the tail is curved like a lash: the Bull is also energetic and in motion." The gleaming bronze colour and hard, metallic texture of the sculpture's surface emphasises the brute force of the creature depicted. The work was designed and placed so that viewers could walk around it, which also suggests the creature's own movement is unrestricted — a point reinforced by the twisting posture of the bull's body, Durante wrote. "Charging Bull, then, shows an aggressive or even belligerent force on the move, but unpredictably. [...] [I]t's not far-fetched to say the theme is the energy, strength, and unpredictability of the stock market."[3]"That bull is one of an edition of five", Di Modica told the New York Daily News in 1998. "I'm hoping the other four will be going to cities all over the world, whenever somebody buys them."[4]The sculpture is both a popular tourist destination, which draws thousands of people a day as well as "one of the most iconic images of New York"[5] and "Wall Street icon"[6] — an unofficial symbol of the Financial District which has appeared in television reports as an image punctuating stories about optimism in the financial market.Construction and installationDi Modica spent some US$ 360,000 to create, cast, and install the sculpture following the 1987 stock market crash as a symbol of the "strength and power of the American people."[2] The sculpture was the artist's idea, not the city's. In an act of "guerrilla art", he trucked it to Lower Manhattan and on December 15, 1989, installed it beneath a 60-foot Christmas tree in the middle of Broad Street in front of the New York Stock Exchange as a Christmas gift to the people of New York. That day, crowds came to look at the bull, with hundreds stopping to admire and analyze the gift as Di Modica handed out copies of a flier about his artwork.[2]The police seized the sculpture and placed it into an impound lot. The ensuing public outcry led the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation to install it two blocks south of the Exchange in the plaza at Bowling Green. It faces up Broadway.[7][edit] OwnershipIn 2004, Di Modica announced that the bull sculpture was for sale, on condition the buyer does not move it from its present location. Di Modica continues to own the copyright to the statue. In 2006, Di Modica sued Wal-Mart and other companies for illegally benefiting from his copyright, by selling replicas of the bull and using it in advertising campaigns.[8] In 2009, Di Modica sued Random House for using a photo of the bull on the cover of a book discussing the collapse of financial services firm Lehman Brothers.[9]Since New York City does not own the sculpture, it is technically on a temporary permit allowing it to stand on city property, but the temporary permission has lasted since 1989 (when city officials said the new location would not be permanent[10]). Art on loan is usually limited to a year's display. (Although the city does not buy art, it accepts donations.)[11] A writer in the New York Daily News wrote in 1998 that the statue's placement was "beginning to look a mite permanent".[4] According to an article in Art Monthly, Di Modica, "the authorities, and New York public, view it as a permanent feature of Lower Manhattan."[12][edit] As a tourist attractionAs soon as the sculpture was set up at Bowling Green, it became "an instant hit".[11] One of the city's most photographed artworks, it has become a tourist destination in the Financial District. "[I]ts popularity is beyond doubt", a New York Times article said of the artwork. "Visitors constantly pose for pictures around it." Adrian Benepe, the New York City parks commissioner, said in 2004, "It's become one of the most visited, most photographed and perhaps most loved and recognized statues in the city of New York. I would say it's right up there with the Statue of Liberty."[1] In 1993, Arthur J. Piccolo, chairman of the Bowling Green Association, made the same point with the same comparison.[11] Henry J. Stern, the city parks commissioner when the statue first appeared in the Financial District, said in 1993: "People are crazy about the bull. It captured their imagination."[11]The statue's popularity with tourists has a very international appeal. One 2007 newspaper report noted a "ceaseless stream" of visitors from India, the United Kingdom, South Africa, Venezuala and China, as well as the United States. Children enjoy climbing on the bull,[13] which sits "famously"[3] at street level on the cobblestones at the far northern tip of the small park. One popular tourist guidebook assumes that a visitor will want to get his or her picture taken with the statue ("after you pose with the bull [...]").[14] A popular Bollywood movie, Kal Ho Naa Ho features the bull in a musical number, increasing its familiarity with Indians. One visitor told a newspaper reporter it was a reason for his visit.[5]In addition to having their pictures taken at the front end of the bull, many tourists pose at the back of the bull, near the large testicles "for snapshots under an unmistakable symbol of its virility."[15] According to a Washington Post article in 2002, "People on The Street say you've got to rub the nose, horns and testicles of the bull for good luck, tour guide Wayne McLeod would tell the group on the Baltimore bus, who would giddily oblige."[16] According to a 2004 New York Times article, "Passers-by have rubbed — to a bright gleam — its nose, horns and a part of its anatomy that, as Mr. Benepe put it gingerly, 'separates the bull from the steer.'"

华尔街(wall street)是纽约市曼哈顿区南部一条大街的名字，长不超过一英里，宽仅11米。它是美国一些主要金融机构的所在地。华尔街是英文“墙街”的音译。荷兰统治时，在这里筑过一道防卫墙。英国人赶走荷兰人后，拆墙建街，因而得名。这条街上的联邦厅曾是美国第一届国会的所在地，首任总统华盛顿就是在这里宣誓就职的，如今大门前耸立着华盛顿像以纪念此事。不过华尔街作为政治中心只是短暂的一瞬，而作为金融中心却一直辉煌夺目，经久不衰。华尔街两旁很早就已是摩天大楼竖立，街道如同峡谷，抬头只能望见一线天。数不清的大银行、信托公司、保险公司和交易所都在这里驻足。每天成千上万的白领阶级涌到这里上班。而住在郊区的金融巨头们，则不必受挤车堵车之苦。他们上下班乘飞机，直升机场就设在华尔街东端不远的东河畔。华尔街设有纽约证券交易所、美国证券交易所、投资银行、政府和市办的证券交易商、信托公司、联邦储备银行、各公用事业和保险公司的总部以及棉花、咖啡、糖、可可等商品交易所。华尔街是金融和投资高度集中的象征。在纽约的华尔街这条全长仅有500多米、街面非常狭窄的小马路上，云集着包括纽约证券交易所、联邦储备银行在内的众多金融机构，正是这些呼风唤雨的知名机构，使其成为国际金融界的“神经中枢”。“牛”气冲天华尔街是个寸土寸金的地方，每一座建筑都充分利用有限的空间来争取最大的收益。由于建筑的间距非常小，走在街上有种喘不过气来的压抑感。这种氛围不禁使人联想到这里的股市每天上演的激烈博弈。据统计，在纽约从事金融业的职员中，有10万在华尔街工作。因此，每天的上下班时间，整条街都拥堵不堪。华尔街的快节奏生活使这里的人们步履匆匆，无暇顾及身边事。不过由于是白领和顶级富豪的聚集地，人们的衣着都非常时髦光鲜，只要看到他们的穿戴，就能捕捉到这个季节的流行脉搏了。众所周知，华尔街的标志是一座身长5米、体重6300公斤的铜牛塑像。设计者迪莫迪卡最早为它挑选的立足点是纽约证券交易所门前的人行道。当时，为了保证铜牛的安全，警察每晚8时在铜牛周围巡逻察看。当人们第一次看到这个身体健硕、鼻孔发光的庞然大物时，都被它浑身透着的“牛”气震住。不过，铜牛还是被搬到与华尔街斜交的百老汇大街上安了家。如今，它已成为“力量和勇气”的象征，似乎只要铜牛在，股市就能永保“牛”市。证券交易所大门难寻大名鼎鼎的纽约证券交易所就坐落于华尔街11号。不过有趣的是，交易所的地理位置和名气有点不成正比：许多初来乍到的人都要在华尔街上转一圈才能找到交易所的入口。原来，它的正门并不在华尔街主道上，而是“藏”在了旁边一个不起眼的支道上。在占地3700平方英尺的交易所大厅里，每天的股票交易高达25亿股，而每笔交易只需不到一分钟的时间。华尔街制造着一夜暴富的神话，但也不乏令人心酸的回忆。1929年10月24日，美国许多家最有名望的企业股票突然急剧下跌，失去控制，最终导致几百万人破产，引发了那场美国著名的经济大萧条。此外，“9·11”事件也给华尔街繁荣的金融生活带来沉重打击，当时的遇难者大多数是活跃在华尔街各大金融机构的精英。事件发生后，人们用一面巨大的美国国旗包裹住证券交易所门前的石柱，以纪念那些不幸的亡灵。金融业的象征华尔街是英语“WallStreet”的音译，但这个名称并非源于街道两旁大墙似的高楼。根据华尔街街口大厦墙上镶嵌着的铜匾记载，1653年，荷兰人统治时期，这里是新阿姆斯特丹总督的驻地。为方便警卫通行，总督下令用木头做围墙，筑起一条街，就地取名“墙街”，这就是最早的华尔街。18世纪，24个商人代表聚集在华尔街的一棵梧桐树下，签订了梧桐协议，规定在他们之间可以进行证券交易，这就是纽约证券交易所的前身。从上个世纪20年代起，华尔街已经成为美国金融行业的象征。只要一提股票，人们便会联想到华尔街，就连一些并非在此办公的金融大公司，也被人们想当然地认为是华尔街公司，可见其地位已经深入人心。