L1ttleJuan
语法填空这种题型能全面检测大家在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映大家的英语综合水平。但是语法填空却困扰着很多同学，如何更好地的处理这类题型，我在这里整理了相关资料，希望能帮助到您。
英语语法填空12个得分技巧
已给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。
技巧一：名词形式变化
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例：
There are many students living at school，the______(children) houses are all far from school.
由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为children’s。
技巧二：动词形式变化
动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
例：
The talk_____(give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。
技巧三：代词形式变化
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。
例：
The king decided to see the painter by_____(he).
由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀er和est，或在词前more/less和most/least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。
例：
I am_____(tall)than Liuwen.He is the tallest students in my class.
此题后句交代了Liuwen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
技巧五：数词形式变化
数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one/two的特殊变化形式 once/twice
例：
In the summer holiday following my_______(eighteen)birthday, I tookdriving lessons.
这里应是“第十八个生日”，是序数概念而非基数概念，故用eighteenth。
技巧六：词的派生
词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。
例：
There is a direct link between the increase in food eatenoutside the home and the rise in ___________ (weigh) problems.
这里是指“体重问题”，故应用名词weight作定语。
未给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题难度较大，但也是有方法应对的。
技巧七：固定短语结构
根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。
例1：
The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy.
从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
例2：
His boss was____angry as to fire him.
如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to...，所以，so是正解。
技巧八：从句引导词
从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
例1：
He did not done_____his father had asked him to do.
审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
例2：
Those_____want to go to the village must sign here.
经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who，在定语从句中做主语。
技巧九：短语动词结构
短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
例1：
The us consists____fifty states.
根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由......组成”，所以答案是of。
例2：
Mrs. Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take care_____ her.
生病需要人照顾，所以答案是of。
技巧十：短语介词结构
短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。
例1：
Mr. Smith took a plane to London instead ____ taking a train.
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为of，以构成介词短语instead of。
例2：
Just then，he saw a blackboard in front _____ him.
细心观察，可以看出填入of即可构成in front of，此题得解。
技巧十一：连词、关联短语结构
常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both…and...，either…or...，neither…nor...，not only…but also...等。
例：
____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.
横线处的词与后面可以构成both…and，故答案为Both。
技巧十二：冠词、介词和常用的副词
冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断;常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配;副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等。
例1：
Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed.
这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。
例2：
Old Tom’s granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon.
Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
例3：
Though Tom did the same work____Jim did，he got a lower pay______Jim.
第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义，故答案为than。
例4：
There is only one dayleft，_____，I still haven’t done my homework.
观察上下句，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however。
英语短文改错题探秘
高考英语改错题是考生感到棘手的题型之一。笔者对近几年的高考英语改错题作了细致的分析并加以归类后，发现错误类型主要集中在以下方面。(例题保留原题号)
1. 动词时态
每年都有时态错误的小题，而且改动基本集中在一般过去时与一般现在时之间。时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。
(1)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was... 84. read
(and连接并列谓语)
(2)At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized
(and连接并列谓语)
(3)Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk
(根据sometimes可判断此句为一般现在时)
(4)I will write again and send you the photos we take together. 85. took
(把照片寄给你，应该是已经拍好的，用过去时)
(5)There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is
(从上下文判断，应该是现在时，谓语用is)
(6)We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept
(and连接并列谓语)
2. 名词单复数
单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一，改动的依据有：一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份;二是根据上下文的逻辑关系。
(1)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85. words
(是把word改为words 还是把were改为was，根据名词前的修饰限定词their来决定。)
(2)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months
(several修饰复数名词)
(3)a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes
(a few修饰复数名词)
(4)But one and a half year later. 79. years
(one and a half意思为一年半，故判断此处year应为复数形式)
(5)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages
(从there are 判断应该用名词复数)
3. 句子结构
句子结构方面的错误范围庞大，解答高考英语改错题主要可以从以下几方面来思考：1)句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺;2)单词的词性与其在句中的功能是否相符;3)主谓一致;4)复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。
(1)I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. 78. because/as
(复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(2)I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. 81. why
(复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词运用不当)
(3)For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use. 78. work
(缺谓语动词)
(4)Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything if they like. 79. allows
(主语是动名词短语Earning their own money，谓语应该用单数)
(5)But the most wonderful thing about Jack were his musical ability. 84. was
(主语是第三人称单数)
4. 赘述
高考英语改错题中的赘述是指在一些固定表达中或从上下文逻辑来看用了多余的词，从而使句子表达不合规范或造成逻辑上的重复。
(1)I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 80. should
(并列谓语，should多余)
(2)Can you tell me about what I should do? 85. about
(tell sb about/of sth或tell sb接从句)
(3)I had to look up to the same word many times, ... 78. to
(look up a word查字典)
(4)Some students may also to save up for their college or future use. 84. to
(情态动词may后接动词原形)
(5)But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. 83. for
(but是连词for是介词，不能并列)
5. 固定结构(固定句型、固定短语、固定搭配)
所谓固定结构是指英语中一些不能随意更改的习惯表达。如固定短语中的词不能缺，固定搭配要前后一致等。
(1)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was ... 81. talking
(enjoy doing为固定短语)
(2)I am sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. 79. at
(laugh at sb. 固定短语)
(3)from friends can all provide you for stamps from all over the world. 82. with
(provide ... with为固定短语)
(4)I am writing to thank you with your kind help. 76. for
(thank sb for sth)
(5)or for permission to do things by money. 83. with
(with money)
6. 冠词
英语中冠词只有三个，从高考英语改错题的角度来看，只能从以下几个方向出题：1)不定冠词a和an互改;2)不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改;3)根据需要增删冠词。
(1)I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. 77. the
(根据句义是特指这个周末)
(2)When I was ∧boy, ... 76. ∧a
(我是一个男孩，应用不定冠词 a.)
(3)This was my first visit to a English family. 78. an
(English开头字母是元音，应该用an)
(4)I started writing down words from ∧ books that I read. 82. ∧the
(名词后由从句修饰时，应使用定冠词)
(5)I hope you’ve had∧pleasant journey home and will come to China 83. ∧a
7. 代词
代词不仅要与其所指代对象一致，其运用还要符合上下文的语气及逻辑关系。
(1)And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own ... 78. their
(指代对象应一致)
(2)You have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 83. them
(pupils 是复数,后应该用替代复数名词的代词。)
(3)Some students may also save up for our college or future use. 85. their
(指代对象应一致)
(4)We often play a trick on himself. 79. him
(play a trick on sb)
8. 连词及与并置问题
连词连接的前后两部分是否合乎逻辑;并列连词所连接的前后两部分结构是否等同。这两点是解答连词及其相关问题的关键所在。
(1)My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. 79. and
(从句意可知，此处表并列关系，应用and)
(2)My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there. 82. and
(并列关系，“于是、同时、然后”等意思)
(3)I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 77. quiet
(连接的词性应一致)
9. 易混淆的词或词组
易混淆的词既包括词意相同或相近的同义词、近义词，也包括外形相似、意义有别的词组。易混淆词或词组的辨析也是高考改错题中不容忽视的部分。
(1)Finding information on the Net is easily. 83. easy
(be easy 非常容易，形容词做表语)
(2)She called 119 immediate. 84. immediately
(副词做状语)
(3)I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 78. everything
(在陈述句中一般用everything)
(4)...but I had terribly problems memorizing them. 77. terrible
(作定语应用形容词)
(5)My pronunciation was terribly. 78.terrible
(系动词后用形容词作表语)
小仙姓朱
多练习就好了，从高一练习到高三自然就会提高。我高一坐改错一般只能对6个，然后到高三就能做全对了。1.a和the 的修改 2.and. but. so 之间的修改。3非限制性定语从句错把which /who 写成that. 4位于句首的形容词一般都是错的，要加ly变副词 5时态错误，文章讲的是过去的事，出现动词的一般时态就是错的6主动和被动的改写，理解句子，看主语和谓语的关系是主动还是被。常见错误比如I have been invited him to visit my home. 要把been 去掉
C罗C梅西梅
一、试题特征 设错类型分两大类：语法错误和逻辑错误，语法错误包括词法错误和句法错误。错词现象主要出现在名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、连词、介词、主谓一致、代词、词形（指应该用动词、名词还是形容问形式，以及平行结构中词的正确形式）、冠词。缺词现象主要出现在冠词（名词前）、介词（不及物动词后或固定结构中）、助动词、不定式符号to,连词、语义不完整现象等方面。多词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。下表为近两年高考短文改错词法设置的主要考点： 二、解题思路（一）注意英语词汇的曲折变化从历年高考短文改错的命题看，考查英语的曲折附加成份占有相当大的比例。所谓曲折变化即是各种词形的变化，它是拼音文字特有的表现形式，如：动词的曲折变化，名词的曲折变化，代词的曲折变化，形容词副词的曲折变化等，而汉语则无这种变化。因此在复习时，应充分了解各种词性的曲折变化，针对性地进行专门训练。 1．考查英语动词多变的外在形式，包括时态的曲折变化、现在第三人称单数、被动语态的曲折变化、非谓语动词的曲折变化等。 A．非谓语动词错误 1) I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future! (NMET 2005福建) 析：see改为seeing。look forward to 中to为介词，后接动名词。 2) I may just listen to music; I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts. (NMET2004全国卷II) 析：giving改为given,过去分词做定语。 3) In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good (NMET 2005湖北) 析：feel改为feeling,考查keep sb. doing 4) I found a small house standing in a field with a light shone from the sitting room (NMET2005江西) 析：shone改为shining。"with＋名词＋现在分词”构成的复合结构。 B. 时态错误 1)Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become strangers at once. (NMET2004) 析：talked改为talk，由后半句可知。 2) I will write again and send you the photos we take together. (NMET 2005) 析：take改为took C. 语态错误 1) When one student does so, much larger values are destroying. (NMET2005重庆) 析：destroying改为destroyed。 2) After the drive, it was cost just over $ 2 to put the car back into perfect cond至t至on.(NMET 2005安徽) 析：去掉was。此处cost不用被动语态。 2.考查英语名词的单复数变化 1) And I came to understand that knowledge, could change my life (NMET 2005辽宁） 析：knowledge,改为knowledge. 2) I used to love science class-all of them biology, chemistry, geography, physics. (NMET2001春季) 析：class改为 classes，山后半句可知。 3．考查英语代词的变化 1) I felt very pleased with me. (NMET 2005天津） 析：me改为myself. 2) This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded "the best car in theworld".（NMET 2005安徽） 析：This改为It, it代替that从句。 4．考查比较形容词、副词的变化 1) It is real a good chance to have met all of you here. (NMET 2005福建） 析：real改为really. 2) It is dishonest and foolishly to help or to ask help from others. (NMET 2005重庆) 析：foolishly改为foolish。 3) (After learning the basics of the subject,) nothing else seemed very practically to me. (NMET 2001春季) 析：practically改为practical，形容词作表语。 5. 考查词性、词形误用。不同的句法功能要求使用与之相适应的词性、词形。 1) There have been reports in Americaabout people trying to steal person information for bad purposes. (NMET2004卷III) 析：person改为personal,形容词做定语。 2) Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience. (NMET1998) 析：important改为importance。 3) I would describe myself as shy and quietly.(NMFT 2001) 析：quietly改为quiet, describe... as后用形容词。 （二）考查短文中的行文逻辑错误 针对此类试题，考生必须对全文整体理解并根据上下文，才能发现问题所在。考生要根据前后文的选择、因果等其他关系确定使用适当的连词。同时不要忽视and—but;and—or;not对于整个句意的逻辑关系所造成的根本变化，这也是命题的惯用手法。例如： 1) We liked the dishes you bad cooked but we were happy to learn the English songs youtaught us. ( NMET2007,山东) 析：but改为and。上下文为并列关系。 2)Unfortunately, I won't be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. (NMET 2001) 析：although改为as because. 上下文为因果关系。 3) He told me that I'd probably have a heart attack while I started eating less. (NMET2005广东) 析：while改为unless. 4) First, let me tell you something more about myself. (NMET1997 ) 析：去掉more，more与句首first逻辑不符。 （三）短文改错中的一致现象 短文改错中所涉及的一致关系主要包括主谓一致，即谓语动词的单、复数形式要与句子主语保持一致；时态一致，即句中谓语动词的时态要与该句中的时间状语或上下文乃至全文的时态保持一致；代词指代一致，即代词所指代的内容要与该先行词在性和数方面以及要与其自身的指代在意义上保持一致。例如： 1．代词指代一致 l) Somestudents may also save up for our college or future use. (NMET 2005) 析：our改为their。主语为some students。 2) More people start a stamp collection of your own (and discover an interest which caneven last a lifetime). (NMET 2004浙江) 析：your改为their，注意代词和主语的一致。 2.主谓一致 1) Having fun with their friends make them happy. (NMET 2005湖北) 析：make改为makes,动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。 2) I did a good job and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging inthe library. (NMET 2000) 析：由and连接两个并列成分，如果不是指同一个人或物，或一体性的物如knifeand fork等，谓语动词要用复数形式。故将is改为are。 3．时态一致 1) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to mystudies so that I'll get goal marks in all my subjects. (NMET2001) 析：根据全文时态，应将did改为do。 2) During the World Cup in 2002. my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport.(NMET 2005浙江) 析：stays改为stayed。 （四）注意短文改错中的平行结构现象 平行结沟是指两个或更多的词、词组或从句具有相似或相等的句法功能。在表达相互平行的概念时．要使用相同的语法结构，即动词与动词相配，形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，不定式与不定式相配，短语与短语相配。平行结构经常借助于并列连词and,but，or或连词词组not only...but also... , not... but...，either... or...，neither...nor...，as well as等。例如： 1) I still remember going there early and felt anxious about the new world. (NMET 2005辽宁)析：felt改为feeling,和going并列。 2) We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. (NMET 2005江苏)析：keep，改为kept,和named并列。 （五）“画龙还须点睛”......短文改错中的缺词错误分析 1．缺系动词 I'd like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country. (NMET 1997) 析：like to后加be. 2．缺介词 But I have spent most my money, so I cannot even go out of town. (NMET 2004) 析：my前加of。 3．缺冠词、物主代词等限定词 1) I hope you've had pleasant journey home. (NMET 2005) 析：pleasant前加a. 2) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (NMET 2001) 析：fire前加the, 4.在定语从句中缺关系代词或关系副词 People do not know each other often become friends after they have played together. (NMET 1990) 析：people后加who，此句缺少定语从句引导词。 5. 缺连接词 I told Mother. Father, Sister, all my friends（here what a great time I had）. (NMET 1995) 析：all前加and,最后两个并列成份之间要用并列连词。 6．缺否定词 He is a kind-hearted man and he will refuse to help others at any time. 析：Will后应加not,根据逻辑可知。 7. 缺不定式符号to My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a goodeducation. (NMET2001) 析：make前加to。不定式表示目的。 8．缺少助动词 Why you think so tinny people still suffer from poverty now? (NMLT 2001广东) 析：Why后加do。 （六）“画蛇何须添足”......短文改错中的多词错误分析1.受母语思维影响，出现汉语式结构，造成冗言冗言错误的形成主要来自汉英差异的模糊。对英语惯用语在使用上的细微差异缺乏了解。主要考查程度副词和频率副词，如much,more，often等的多余；同意的重复现象；句子结构中多余的词以及由于受汉语的影响，多用了某些词语等。例如： 1) Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. (NMET 2000) 析：去掉often,因为whenever表示“无论什么时候”，若用often显得重复。 2) I'll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. (NMET 2000春季) 析：all与the whole重复。只能保留一处，由于此处不表示特指，故只能去掉all。 3) Clever as she is, but she works very hard．(NMET 2004福建) 析：去掉but前一句是让步状语从句。 2．不明词义内涵，造成词义重叠 1) I was a few miles far away from anywhere on a cold, wet night. (NMET 2005江西) 析：去掉far, far和a few miles语义重复。 2) All of us were sitting around the fire in the living room, listening to one of grandma'sbest favourite stories. 析：去掉best或favorite, best意为“最好的”, favorite意为“最喜欢的”，语义重复，所以只保留其中的一个。 3．多介词 1) Will you join in the tourist group organized by our school? ( NMET 2005山东) 析：去掉in。 2) But for the most wonderful thing about Jack was his musical ability. (NMET 2005江苏) 析：去掉for。 3) I won't be able to come in this time. (NMET 2000北京春季) 析：去掉in。作状语的时间名词前有this,that, these, those, one, all, next, last, tomorrow, yesterday, any, some, every, each等修饰时，其前不能使用介词。 4．多冠词 We have made a great progress. (NMET 2005福建) 析：去掉a, progress不可数。 5．定语从句中的成分重复 1) There are a lot of things I haven't time to do them. 析：去掉them, them和被省略的定语从句引导词重复。 2) He has made a great discovery which I think it is of great importance to science. 析：去掉it, it和which重复。 6. 固定搭配中多限定词 1) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (NMET 2000) 析：去掉a，句中是固定搭配，表示“（忽然）看见”。 2) …in any other words, I am an only child. (NMET2001) 析：去掉any, in other words为固定搭配，意为“换句话说”。 7．多不定式符号to Some students may also to save up for their colleges or future use. (NMET 2005) 析：去掉to，情态动词后用动词原型 8．形容词副词前多修饰语 Both the diet and the exercise will help me to lose weight and feel more better. (NMET2005广东) 析：more改为much。more不能用来修饰better。 三、短文改错题的解题策略 （一）解题步骤 l.通读全文，掌握大意 短文改错不同于单句改错，它涉及行文逻辑及句子与句子间必要的联系错误。单独看可能是对的，但从整体看却与上下文不符。做短文改错时应该树立整体意识，应从短文整体入手，短文改错实际上间接地考查考生的文意理解和纠错能力，所以考生必须在阅读并且在理解文章的基础上去发现并改正错误。因此，事先应该先快速粗读一遍短文，留心文中关键的词句，把握文章的大意及上下文之间的联系，为下一步判断和改错奠定基础。 2．整句理解，逐行分析。 因为短文改错题的特征是分行设置错误的，而不是以句子为一个单位设置错误。考生在进行改错时必须在通读全文的基础上，对照上下文逐行逐字细读，分行判断理清句意，找出上下文之间的内在联系及其行文逻辑关系，推断字里行问的含义，检查句子的结构是否完整，语气是否连贯等。在细读全文时，抓住短文改错的规律，分析要以句子为理解单位，挖掘错误却要以行为单位。总之，在分析句子过程中，考生应对每句话的句子成分进行分析，根据上文讲的错误类型确定正确答案。 3．复读全文，检查核对 回头重读全文验证答案，将初步改错的短文再次细读，检查并验证所做的答案是否能使语气贯通流畅，行文逻辑发展是否合乎情理，语篇结构是否严密完整。在复读检查过程中，既要看清词和句子，更要注意整体的逻辑关系，特别是上下文的联系，既要重视文字、句子的字面意思，又要弄清文字段落的内在含义和内在逻辑关系及篇章结构。还要特别留意文章的意思是否连贯通顺，是否符合逻辑。 （二）须注意的问题 1.在训练和考试中要严格按照题例要求和解题说明，用规定的符号去改错。不要用文字去说明或用箭头去表示，更不能随意在原题中乱划。 2．注意一些改错原则1)标点符号不改。2)词序错误不变。3)大小写不改。4)改错只能是一一对应，不能把两个或更多的词改为一个词。5)必须用相近或相反的词更换名词或动词等实词。 3．在平时高三复习过程中，要系统掌握英语语法知识，并能正确运用。注意收集平时易犯错误，重视归纳总结，熟悉错误类型。短文改错与书面表达的训练要相互渗透。在写作时，要注意培养自己的纠错能力。考题中的错误五花八门，但只要有了一定的水平，什么样的试题都能应付。所以练习短文改错时，应尽量从正面入手，牢牢掌握正确的规则。
泸州老叫
对这两道题的认识和了解要足够，包括它们的特点、考查点以及全国卷常见出题形式等等，只有这样才能保证你做题的时候思路足够清晰。填空和改错都是微观考查，不像阅读完形这些只需要宏观理解和逻辑，这两道题考得很细，考查你的语法（尤其词法）基本功，说白了就是看你是否具备精准用词、精准用词、精准用词的习惯和意识。
休闲星星仔
解题步骤：1. 通读全文，掌握大意 2. 上贯下联，逐句改错 3. 对照考点，推敲难点 4. 代入答案，复读全文
解题思路：
词法：1. 动词——考虑时态、语态是否误用；非谓语动词误用；谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用；情态动词后动词形式误用；and/but/or前后动词形式不一致 2. 名词——单复数形式的误用；抽象名词具体化的误用；名词所有格的误用 3. 代词——代词主格和宾格的混用；人称、数、格方面的不一致 ；不定代词或反身代词的误用；it作形式主语和形式宾语的误用 4. 冠词——a/an的混用；a/an/the的混用；冠词多用或漏用 5.介词——介词与动词、形容词及名词的搭配错误；固定搭配中介词的漏用或多用 6. 连词——and、but和or的或混用 7. 形容词、副词——形容词与副词的误用；原级、比较级、最高级的误用 8.固定短语的误用
句法：主谓一致误用；主从复合句中引导词的误用；固定句型的误用；句子成分缺失或冗余；强调句、倒装句等特殊句式的误用
语篇：六个一致——语义一致、主谓一致、时态一致、代词指代一致、名词单复数一致，平行结构一致。
解题原则：1. 规范性原则：按照规定符号改错 2. 四不改原则：词序不改、大小写不改、标点符号不改、单词拼写不改 3. 五改动原则：忠实原文、一对一原则、改动最少原则、实词以改变形式为主、虚词以添加或删除为主。
优质英语培训问答知识库
