曾母暗沙英文

Zengmu Reef

曾母暗沙的主体是丘状珊瑚暗礁，也可称为礁丘

先生撰文《“曾母暗沙”竟然是英国男子的名字》写道：我对南海诸岛地名的关注，源于我在中国最南端——南沙群岛曾母暗沙的一次经历。那次为了实现去中国最南端的愿望，我在东马来西亚的民都鲁租了一艘渔船奔向曾母暗沙。船长带了一张英文的海图，航行中，他铺开地图查看路线时，我看到曾母暗沙标注的英文地名是“James Shoal”。“James”是常见的英国男子的名字，“Shoal”在英文里是浅滩的意思。看到这个英文地名，你就明白“曾母暗沙”显然是音译的“James”和意译的“Shoal”的组合。当我知道“曾母暗沙”是一个英国男子的名字时，我是何等地失望！回到北京，我开始查看这方面的资料。原来不仅“曾母暗沙”是音译外国人的名字，南海诸岛的地名中，竟有一半以上来自外国人的命名。中国明清两代奉行严酷的海禁、海迁政策，民间的海洋英雄几乎被斩尽杀绝，中国的海洋文明也几乎被摧毁殆尽，那时中国的海洋已被统治者拱手让给了西方列强。幸亏潭门镇远离朝廷，躲过了海禁、海迁的摧残，为中国保存了一批真正的船长和一点海洋文明如豆的火种。19世纪以来，西方列强纷纷进入中国南海进行测量和绘图，给那些珊瑚岛礁命名，把名字填在他们的地图上。那些名字除了少数用地理方位和地貌形状等命名外，更多的是以他们的船名、船长名或其国人的姓名命名。随后他们把这些成果编成图籍出版发行。这其中，一本由英国人编辑、1868年出版的TheChina Sea Directory。这部书的影响很大，因为它在1901年时被中国人陈寿彭翻译，并在中国出版，书名定为《新译中国江海险要图志》。这本书多次再版，书中关于南海诸岛的地名全部音译自英文名称，这些音译地名不仅被官方文件多次引用，还被一些学者写进中国的地理书籍，因此流传甚广。

Hainan Island is world-famous for its unique and charming tropical views, relaxed and happy natural environment, particularly magnificent marine resources and simple and kindhearted people Hainan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located at the southernmost end of the country. It consists several islands, the largest of which is also called Hainan (Hainan Dao). And when speaking of "Hainan" in Chinese, it is usually Hainan Island that is referred to. To emphasize the referent as a province, one says Hainan Sheng ("Hainan Province"). History Hainan Island was called the Pearl Cliffs (珠崖), the Jade Cliffs (琼崖 qiong2 yai2), and the Qiong Prefecture (琼州 Qiongzhou), the latter two gave rise to the province's abbreviation, Qiong (琼 in Simplified Chinese). In Wu Kingdom of the Three Kingdoms Period, Hainan was the Zhuyai Prefecture (珠崖郡). Hainan was one of the last areas of China controlled by the Chiang Kai-Shek's KMT. From March to May 1950, the Landing Operation on Hainan Island (海南岛登陆战役) captured the island for the Chinese communists. During the early 1990s, there was a major corruption scandal in Hainan. Administration Hainan Province consists of: 2 regional cities (地级市): Haikou and Sanya (三亚市) County-level: 4 counties (县) 7 county-level cities (县级市): Wanning 1 office: the Office of West, South, and Central Sha Archipelagos (西、南、中沙群岛办事处) (the South China Sea Islands) 6 nationality autonomous counties (民族自治县): all are for the Li, sometimes cohabited with the Miao 5 municipal districts (市辖区) Subcounty-level: 2000 townships (镇) 97 regions (乡) 2533 villages (村) Hainan was historically part of Guangdong Province, being as such, it was the Qionyai Circuit (琼崖道) in 1912 (the establishment of the Republic of China). In 1921, it was planned to became a Special Administrative Region (琼崖特别行政区), and in 1944 and became Hainan Special Administrative Region with 16 counties that contains the South China Sea Islands. On May 1, 1950 (under the PRC), the Special Administrative Region became an Administrative Region Office (海南行政区公署), a branch of the Guangdong provincial government. On October 1, 1984, it became the Hainan Administrative Region (海南行政区), with a People's Government, and finally as province separated from Guangdong four years later. Geography Hainan is the second largest island of China (after Taiwan). Qiongzhou Strait (琼州海峡) locates north of Hainan and separates it from the Leizhou Peninsula (雷州半岛) of Guangxi. To the west is the Gulf of Tonkin. Not just one island, Hainan also contains all 250 South China Sea Islands as a part of the official PRC territory. The containment of the South China Sea Islands makes Hainan Province have a very large water body, but disproportionally small land area. James Shoal (曾母暗沙 Zengmu Anshan), which is presently occupied by the PRC, signifies the country's southernmost border. But the Malaysians also claim it is on their continental shelf. Economy Since the 1980s, the Hainan province has been a special economic zone of China. The province has a reputation for being a "Wild West" area. Demographics There are 10,000 Buddhist Hainanese, and 6,500 Muslims. Because Hainan had been a point in the travel route of missionaries, there has been a high number of Christians: 35,000 Protestants and 4100 Catholics. Like in most eastern provinces, there is around 80% Han Chinese. Most, if not all, of the 6500 Muslim Hainanese mentioned above are Hui Chinese. See also: Li Chinese Culture Hainan opera (琼剧) Tourism Yalong Bay (牙龙湾), Sanya City, southern Hainan: 7-km beach. Miscellaneous topics Hainan is a sister province of Jeju island-province of South Korea. 回答者：茅茅的A8 - 助理 二级 转述而已