否定句的英语

一.not 表示否定1. 句型为主语＋联系动词be+表语：在be（am／are／is/was/were）后面加 not 即构成否定句。I am not hungry. 我不饿。I'm not a programmer. 我不是程序员。You are not a lawyer. 你不是律师。They are not Americans 他们不是美国人。It is not a violin. 它不是小提琴。I was not in London at the time. 我那时不在伦敦。My father was not at home yesterday. 我父亲昨天不在家。We were not satisfied with them. 我们对他们不满意。2. 句型为主语＋助动词（be， have和will）+谓语动词：在（be， have和will）后面加 not 即构成否定句。They are not playing chess. 他们不是在下棋。（现在进行时）She is not watching TV. 她不是在看电视。（现在进行时）We are not studying English. 我们不是在学英语。（现在进行时）I was not reading when she was listening to music. （过去进行时）她听音乐时，我没在看书。They were not watching the football match then. （过去进行时）他们那时没在看足球赛。He is not going to come to the party.（一般将来时）他不会来参加派对。They will not help their parents clean up. （一般将来时）她们将不帮父母搞卫生。I have not heard from John for a long time. （现在完成时）我好久没有收到约翰的来信了。She has not read today’s newspaper. （现在完成时）她还没有看今天的报纸。They have not seen that movie on television. （现在完成时）他们还没看过电视上的那部影片。She hadn't been to New York before her parents moved there.（过去完成时）她父母搬到纽约前，她没到过那。3. 句型为主语＋情态动词（can,could,may,might,must,should等）+谓语动词：在情态动词（can,could,may,might,must,should等）后面加 not 即构成否定句。She could not help laughing.她禁不住笑了起来。The old man cann't read and write.

答话人会讲英语，就应说Yes，I can．如果答话人不会讲英语，就应说No,I can''t．若把答语译成汉语，则Yes,I can．应译为“不，我会”，No,I can''t．应译为“是的，我不会。”如此等等，可见两种语言之间的不同。人们在日常生活中，不论叙述一件事情，提出一项要求，还是回答一个问题等等，不是用肯定语气，就是用否定语气来表达意思。英语中否定句通常借助否定词no,not，never，nothing，nobody，none，etc，半否定词hardlyscarcely，few，little，etc．以及否定词缀构成。但语言是复杂的，形式和意义之间有时会出现不协调的现象：肯定形式可能表达否定意义，而否定形式又可能表达肯定意义。这就使枯燥的语言变得丰富多采、绚丽多姿了。 1.2 否定句的分类英语中的否定方式多式多样，种类繁多，在表达否定概念方面所采用的词汇和表达方式要比汉语丰富得多。就英语否定句的表达形式而言，有用单词或短语表示否定的，也有用特定结构表示否定的；按否定范围分，有全部否定，也有部分否定；就否定形式而言、有单一否定，也有双重否定；就否定的意思而言，有肯定形式表示否定意义的，也有否定形式表示肯定意义的；按表示否定的词的词类划分，分别有名词、动词、形容词、代词、副词、介词、连词等等。为了学习方便，我们根据否定的形式和意义，将英语否定句分为十二类，它们分别是： （1）一般否定句（General Negative Sentences）（ 2）特指否定句（Special Negative Sentences） 3）部分否定句（Partial Negative Sentences） 4）全部否定句（Absolute Negative Sentences） 5）延续否定句（Continuative Negative Sentences） 6）半（准）否定句（Semi－Negative Sentences） 7）双重否定句（Double NegativeSentences） 8）排除否定句（Excluded Negative Sentences） 9）强调否定句（Emphatic Negative entences） 10）多余否定句（Pleonastic Negative Sentences） 11）含蓄否定句（ Implied Negative Sentences） 12）形式否定句（Formal Negative Sentences）第二章 一股否定句（General Negative Sentences） 2.1 概述在英语中，用否定副词not否定谓语动词，并通过否定谓语使全句受到否定，这类否定句统称为“一般否定句”（General Negative Sentences），也叫“整句否定句（Sentence Negative Sentences）。这种含有一般否定的句子就是我们常说的狭义的否定句。在各种否定句式里，一般否定句用得最广。在汉语中用“不”、“不是”、“不可”、“无”等词表示否定意义。 2.2 一般否定句的构成形式 i．土语十连系动词十not十表语 He is not a doctor．他不是个医生。 The China of today is not what it was fifty years ago．中国已经不是五十年前的中国了。 Isn''t it right？这不对吗？

表示否定的句子.必须有否定词,古代汉语中否定词可以是副词“不”、“弗”、“毋”、“勿”、“未”、“否”、“非”,可以是动词如“无”.英语语法中否定句分为九种：（1）一般否定句I don't know this. No news is good news.There is no person (smoke)/not a person/not any person (smoke) in the house.（2)特指否定He went to his office, not to see him.I am sorry for not coming on time.I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.（3)部分否定All the answers are not rightAll is not gold that glittersI don't know all of them.I can't see everybody/everything.Both of them are not right.（4)全体否定None of my friends smoke.I can see nothing/nobody.Neither of them is right.Nothing can be so simple as this.（5) 延续否定You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.You don't know, I don't know either.He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of (更不用说） French.（6) 半否定句We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.I know little English. I saw few people.（7) 双重否定You can't make something out of nothing.What's done cannot be undone.There is no sweet without sweat.No gain without pains.I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.No man is so old but (that) he can learn.（8)排除否定Everyone is ready except you.He did nothing but play.But for your help, I couldn't do it.（9)加强否定I won't do it at all.I can't see it any more.He is no longer a boy.