贝克街流浪猫
1. The computer system _____suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. (2006年辽宁卷)
A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in
解析：A由语境逻辑可以推出该空表示"坏了"，因此应填broke down.
2. To understand the grammar of the sentence，you must break it _____ into parts. (2005年湖北卷)
A. down B. up C. off D. out
解析：A break…… down在此意为"将……分解"，符合语境逻辑。
3. I was still sleeping when the fire _____ ，and then it spread quickly. (2006年广东卷)
A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out
解析：A由the fire与spread之间的语境逻辑可以推出该空表示"(火灾)发生"，因此应填broke out.以上三题都是考查break短语的用法，本文在此对其做一归纳。
1. break down
(1)破坏，毁掉;Who broke down the doors of our classroom?谁把我们教室的门打坏了?
(2)破除;The old rules must be broken down. 这些陈旧的规章制度必须废除。
(3)制服;The police tried to break down the prisoners' opposition.警方设法制服囚犯的反抗。
(4)坍塌，坏掉;Because of explosion the bridge broke down last night. 由于爆炸，昨夜这座桥倒塌了。
(5)(计划等)失败，破裂;Your plan has broken down. What a pity!你的计划失败了，真遗憾!
Why did the peace talks break down?为什么和谈失败了?
(6)(健康、精神)崩溃;After a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. 长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。
(7) 分解This matter will break down in water. 这种物质在水中会分解。
2. break up
(1)解散，驱散。如：The police broke up the crowd (the meeting)。警察驱散了人群(集会)。
(2)(学校等)放假。如：When do you break up for Christmas?你们什么时候放圣诞节假?
(3)结束，破裂。如：The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天气看样要过去了。
Their marriage is breaking up. 他们的婚姻濒临破裂。
(4)击碎，撞碎。如：The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞毁了。
Let's break up the whole into parts. 让我们化整为零。
(5)绝交。如：She's just broken up with her boy-friend. 她刚与男朋友绝交。
3. break in破门而入，打断Last night a thief broke in and stole away his camera. 昨夜一个小偷闯了进来，偷走了他的相机。
He broke in with some ideas of his own.他插了话，说了说自己的一些看法。
4.break into破门而入，突然……起来They broke into the prison and set free all the prisoners. 他们冲进监狱，释放了所有的囚犯。
Hearing the sad news，the old woman broke into tears. 听到这个悲哀的消息，这位老年妇女突然哭了起来。
5. break out战争爆发，争吵爆发,(火灾)发生When did the war break out?这场战争是什么时候爆发的?
I have heard that a quarrel broke out between them. 我听说他们之间爆发了争吵。
More than one hundred fires broke out in our city last year. 去年我市发生了一百多起火灾。
6. break away from打破陈规;奋力挣脱;放弃习惯You must break away from these old customs. 你们必须破除这些旧风俗。
The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 狗挣脱了主人，跑了。
You'd better break away from the habit of smoking. 你最好改掉吸烟的习惯。
7. break through 出现，突破It was a cloudy day，but the sun at last broke through.原本是个阴天，不过太阳最后还是出来了。
Our soldiers successfully broke through the enemy's defences. 我们的战士成功地突破了敌军的防线。
8. break into pieces破成碎片The mirror fell to the ground and broke into pieces. 镜子掉到地上摔成了碎片。
9. break one's word/promise食言，说话不算数I believe in him，because he never breaks his word / promise. 我信任他，因为他从来不食言。
10. break the law/rule违反法律/规章制度Nobody can break the rules of our company. 没有人能违背我们公司的规章制度。
11. break forth突然发出，爆发，迸发，发作The crowd broke forth in cheers. 欢呼声从人群中迸发出来。
12. break in two使破成两半When I hit the ball，my bat broke in two. 击球时我的球拍断成两截。
13. break the record打破纪录This athlete has just broken the world record in men's high jump. 这名运动员刚刚打破了男子跳高世界纪录。
14. break one's heart使某人心碎，使某人悲痛欲绝To tell you the truth，the bad news broke my heart at that time. 说实话，那时这个坏消息使我悲痛万分。
1单元
经典句型必会
1.Idon’tthinkIwillbeboredinMsShen’sclass!(否定前移结构)
2.Ohreally?SohaveI.(So位于句首，部分倒装)
3.Inotherwords,therearethreetimesasmanygirlsasboys.(倍数表达法)
4.Theschoolyearisdividedintotwosemesters,thefirstofwhichisSeptemberthroughDecember,andthesecondJanuarythroughMay.(介词+which引导非限制性定语从句)
2单元
经典句型必会
1.She’skindandpatient,andsheexplainsEnglishgrammarsoclearlythatevenIcanunderstandit!
(本句是“so+adv.+that...”结构)
2.She’sverystrict—wedon’tdaretosayawordunlesssheasksusto.
(unless引导条件状语从句)
3.Physicswillneverbemyfavouritelesson,butIthinkthatI’lldowellintheexamwithMrs.Chenteachingme.
(本句含有with的复合结构)
3.I’dratherdotranslationthanrevision,Mr.Stanton.(本句中含有wouldratherdo...than(do)...句式)
3单元
经典句型必会
1.Whatdoyouthinkthecentralpartofthecountryislike?(doyouthink是插入语，其后面要用陈述语序)
2.Andwhataride(itis)!(此句为由what引导的省略形式的感叹句)
3.Wouldyoumindshowingmeyourticket?
WouldyoumindifIsawyourticket?
(Wouldyoumind...?后面接名词、代词、动名词以及if引导的从句，从句中谓语用过去时态表达虚拟语气。)
4.Travellingataspeedofover400kilometresperhour,thetraincancompletethe30kilometrejourneyineightminutes.
(travellingataspeed...是现在分词短语，在句中作状语)
4单元
经典句型必会
1.It’sbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother,youknow.(since引导时间状语从句)
2.AndthisisthefirsttimeI’vevisitedyourhometown.
(thisisthefirsttime(that)...意为“某人第一次做某事”，从句中要用现在完成时)
3.What’stheclimatelike?
(What’s...like?用于询问……的状况)
3.Citiesareinteresting,andtheycanbebeautiful,buttheyareneverbeautifulinthewaythatthecountrysideisbeautiful.
(thatthecountrysideisbeautiful是定语从句，修饰先行词theway)
5单元
经典句型必会
1.Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.(it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语)
2.Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.
(这是一个倒装句，正常语序是：Atablewith...ishere.)
3.Thecloseryouare,themoreyou’llsee.
(本句为“the+比较级，the+比较级”的句型，意为“越……就越……”)
6单元
经典句型必会
1.BernersLeemadeitpossibleforeveryonetousetheInternet,notjustuniversitiesandthearmy.
(本句为make的复合结构，it是形式宾语)
2.Talkingonamobilephoneisexpensive,soalotofpeoplesendtextmessages.
(talkingonamobilephone是动名词短语作主语)
1单元
Grammar
1.Revisionofthepresenttenses
(1)IliveinShijiazhuang,acitynotfarfromBeijing.
(2)Theteacherswriteonthecomputer,andtheirwordsappearonthescreenbehindthem.
(3)HethinksitisgoodtostudyChinese.
2.Adjectivesendingin–ingand–ed
2单元
Grammar
Verbsfollowedby–ing:
advise(建议),admit(承认),appreciate(感激),avoid(避免),can'thelp(禁不住),consider(考虑),delay(推迟),enjoy(欣赏),escape(逃脱),finish(完成),imagine(想象),keep(on)(继续),mind(介意),practice(练习),suggest(建议),miss(错过),feellike(意欲),devote...to(把……献给),getusedto(习惯于),lookforwardto(期望),objectto(反对),setabout(开始),putoff(推迟)等。
3单元
Grammar
1.The–edform:作定语
(1)Trainedcamelscarriedfoodandothersupplies.
(2)Weategreatmealscookedbyexperts.
2.Pasttensetimeexpressions:
alongtimeago---;Duringtheday---;Onenight---;Atmidnight---;In1989---;Recently---andsoon.
4单元
Grammar
Presentperfecttense
(1)I’veseenquitealotofChina.
(2)Theyhaveputupalotofhigh-risebuildingrecently.
(3)They’vejustcompletedit.
(4)We’vestartedaholidayclubforchildren.
(5)I’veworkedforitforfouryearsnow.
Adverbialphraseusedwiththepresentperfecttense:sofar;uptonow;tillnow;---
5单元
Grammar
Degreeofcomparison
(1)Theearthisforty-ninetimesaslargeasthemoon.
(2)TomweighstwiceheavierthanLily.
6单元
Grammar
1.Compoundwords
(1)CompoundNouns:keyboard,hardware,network,newspaper,high-speed,CD-ROM,baby-sitter,warm-up,computersystem,searchengine,mobilephone,postoffice---
(2)CompoundAdjectives:
good-looking,kind-hearted,middle-aged,duty-free---
吃鱼的猫g
英语中的固定搭配短语一）固定结构：1. allow doing (区别：allow sb. to do sth.)2. keep doing3. keep /carry on doing4. keep sb. doing5. enjoy doing (He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.)6. finish doing7. be afraid of doing8. be worth doing (This piece of music is worth listening to.)9. be busy doing (They are busy getting ready for the New Year’s Eve.)10. be/get/become used to doing （We are used to living in the countryside. ）11. dislike doing (She dislikes doing housework.)12. how about doing//what about doing13. spend some time (in)doing14. spend some money (in) buying15. feel like doing16. stop/keep/prevent … from doing17. thank you for doing18. thanks for doing19. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing20. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating21. mind doing22. prefer doing … to doing…23. practise (practice) doing (He practices speaking English every day.)24. can’t help doing25. have fun/difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.26. waste time/money doing27. instead of doing28. miss doing29. look forward to doing期望（渴望）做某事 (I'm looking forward to getting your letter.)30. thank…for doing31. leave sb./sth. doing (His parents leave his staying at home on weekend.)二）need, require, want译作“需要”时,跟动词-ing作宾语,主动表示被动,相当于to be done,如：1.The windows require cleaning. （The windows require to be cleaned. ）2.The patient needs operating on at once.(The patient needs to be operated on. ）3.The flowers want watering. （The flowers want to be watered. ）三）动词-ing在句中作表语：Our plan is setting up a new car factory.My job is teaching/driving.这类词作表语,起解释说明主语的作用,主表可颠倒：Teaching is my job. 转换成问句,用what提问：——What's your job?——My job is teaching.四）动词-ing作定语：表示被修饰名词的用途：There are two reading rooms in our school library.a reading room其含义是A room is used for reading.The swimming pool in our school is nearly completed.the swimming pool其含义是The pool is used for swimming.五）下面短语中的to是介词,后面只能跟名词或动名词：get down to(着手干……),lead to (通向,导致),object to(反对),pay attention to (注意),look forward to (盼望),be used to (习惯于),stick to (坚持),prefer …to …等.〔误〕 His whole family objected to his give up the job.〔正〕 His whole family objected to his giving up the job.look out (for) 小心watch out (for) 小心wear(**)out 使疲劳；劳累leave out 省去；遗漏；忽略work out(well) 很成功；结果是好的turn out 生产; 证明是put out 扑灭；生产；出版；赶走take out 拿出pull out 拉出；掏出; 拔出；抽出；取出；（车,船）驶出pick out 选出；领会；弄明白pay out 付出；得到报应make out 看清；理解；断定keep out 把…挡在外边hold out 伸出；支撑；提出hand out 分发；施舍go out (灯、火)熄灭；(年、月)结束；(衣着)过时；倒塌；罢工carry out (the plan / the policy) 实施；执行break out 爆发give out 发出(气味、热)等；分发；耗尽；疲劳check out 结账离开call out 大声叫喊drop out 辍学；掉落come out 出来；花开放；出版; 得…名次get out (使)出去；逃脱；(消息等)泄露；说出；公布think out 想出let out 泄漏(机密); 发出(喊叫)point out 指出blow up 告吹；发脾气；(风雨)等发生break up 破碎；结束；(士气)衰弱；(关系)破裂bring up 培养；养育；呕吐call up 给…打电话；使人想起come up 走近；发芽；提出来; 出现（问题；建议）；上楼cover up 掩盖；包庇cut up 切碎；使…难过get up 起床；起立；(风、浪、火)大起来；打扮；安排；组织check up=check through=check over 核对；检查give up 放弃；把…送交；使埋头于…go up 上升；涨价；修建；增长hang up / off 挂起；挂断电话hold up 举起；竖起；支撑；使停顿；使延误keep up 保持；继续（某活动）look up 抬头看；查阅；看望；(身体)好转make up 弥补；赔偿；编造；组成；虚构pull up 拔出；拔掉；使车停住；停车pick up 举起；拾起；（身体）好转；中途接入；（非正式）学会；偶然发现／买到／得知／养成习惯等wind up 上紧(钟表)发条;使紧张;兴奋;结束put up 举起；盖起；支起；张贴；投宿shut up 关门；关在里面；闭嘴show up=turn up 露面take up 着手; 占有(时间, 空间)turn up 出现；放大（灯光,收音机,煤气等）work up 激发（情感）wrap up 席卷而去; 包起来think up 想出use up 用完make up 化妆; 编造save up 节省eat up 吃光stay up / sit up 熬夜不睡觉light up 照亮; (脸上)呈现高兴的情绪look up 抬头看; 查找; 好转blow off 吹掉；埋怨；炸掉break off 突然中断；停止；与…断绝关系call off 叫走；取消carry off 夺走；抢走；获得奖品; 叼走come off 脱落；举行；结果cut off 切下；剪下；切断cross off/out 勾掉；划掉die off 相继死去fall off 跌落；减少；脱落；衰退knock off 撞落; 撞倒get off 下来;下车;脱下(衣服);(飞机)起飞give off 发出；放出go off (to…) 熄灭; 动身去某地; 炸锅hang off / back 忧郁；畏缩hold off 推迟；抵挡；不使…接近keep off 避开；防止；挡住leave off 停止；中断pay off 还清；偿还掉put off 推迟；延期shut off 关掉；切断电源take off 脱下; 起飞turn off 关掉；切断；取消wipe off 擦掉；还清（债务）blow down 吹倒；吹落break down 出故障；失败；崩溃; 分解bring down 使下降；使泄气come down 下来；下降cut down 减少开支；砍倒die down (风、雨、火、植物,浪)平息fall down 落下；跌到；倒塌；失败；证明是不行的go down (价格)下降；(日、月)落下；(风、浪)平静；(船)下沉；倒闭hand down 递给；传递下来；世代相传hold down 制止；控制；缩减put down 写下；记下；镇压；放下shut down （指工厂）关闭；停工take down 记下来; 取下来；拆除；咽下turn down 拒绝；关小；调低let ** down 使… 失望bring about 导致；产生；发生come about 产生；造成hang about/around 闲逛；逗留；徘徊check over 核对；检查come over 走过来take over 接管; 接替; 继承think over 仔细考虑；思考一下turn over 翻开；翻身；移交go over 越过；细看；复习；转向；被翻倒get over 爬过(山、墙)；克服(困难、偏见)熬过；从…恢复过来；做完; 浏览look over one’s shoulder 看过去roll over 翻滚；翻身fall over 绊了一跤take away 拿走get away (from) 逃脱；离开；出发；把…送走；寄走blow away 吹走；吹散break away from 脱离(政党)等；放弃；打破(陈规)carry away 运走；使失去自制力die away (风、声音)减弱give away 分发；赠送；出卖；放弃(机会)等go away 走开；离去；(岁月)流逝；死去keep away from… 使避开；使远离pass away 去世；消失；度过put away 把…收起来;存好;放置暂时不用run away 逃走；携带…逃走fade away 褪色; 慢慢褪去wash away 洗掉；（洪水）冲垮stay away from 离… 远点shy away from 退出； 躲避bring back 拿回；使…回想起call back / ring back 回电话turn back 回来get back 回来；恢复；要回; 带回fight back 反击put back 放回原处；拨回时钟；延期推迟take back 收回kick back 踢回pay back 偿还write back 回信give back 归还；送回；恢复；后退come back to life 恢复健康look back on… 回忆；回顾throw back 扔回去draw back 后退其他常用词组(to为介词)object to 反对 attend to 办理;处理;注意听;照顾look forward to 期待;盼望 be opposed to 反对devote… to 贡献给… stick to 坚持lead to 导致 pay attention to 注意到be related to 与…有关 be limited to 限制到…be applied to 应用于… see to 注意做到；务必做到; 负责…refer to 提到; 指的是 turn to 翻到; 求助于
